Background: Many studies showed that heart rate recovery (1 min) and exercise capacity at exercise test are both strong predictors of cardiovascular events in various populations. This study compared heart rate recovery (1min) and exercise capacity in individuals with and without metabolic syndrome in Iranian community.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 470 individuals aged ³ 35 years who followed in Isfahan Cohort Study. A questionnaire including questions on demographic and lifestyle information as well as weight, height, blood pressure, and waist circumference was completed. Triglyceride, fasting blood glucose (FBS), total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL levels were measured as well. All subjects performed a symptom limited exercise test under the standard Bruce protocol. Heart rate recovery (1 min) and exercise capacity were calculated. Data were analyzed by generalized linear model SPSS15 software.Finding: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were higher in individuals with metabolic syndrome (P=0.001). Heart rate recovery (1 min) was in normal range in individuals with and without metabolic syndrome (>18 bpm) but in subjects without metabolic syndrome it was higher (41.48 versus 37.07; P=0.007). There was no difference between men and women in individuals with and without metabolic syndrome (P=0.645 and 0.39 respectively). Exercise capacity was lower in individuals without metabolic syndrome (P=0.022).Conclusion: Our findings suggested that among exercise capacity and heart rate recovery, this is exercise capacity which has a stronger relationship with metabolic syndrome in our community. Also, it seems that there is a need for reconsideration on heart rate recovery threshold.

One of the problems of producing fresh water by reverse osmosis is its sensitivity to process conditions. In this article, a method for redesigning the hydraulic turbocharger rotor as an energy Recovery device in desalination units has been discussed. For this purpose, firstly, the performance of a desalination unit in operation is investigated. Then, using turbomachinery similarity relations and CFD, two new rotors have been designed for two high- and low-pressure modes and replaced with the primary rotor. The validated results with the test show that despite changing membrane inlet pressure, the amount of produced water was not changed, the total efficiency has increased by more than 4% and the energy recovery has increased by about 2% in the high-pressure mode, which shows that this method can be used in situations where the pressure change of the membranes is noticeably higher or lower than the initial design pressure.

Work, particularly under stressful conditions, leads to physical and mental strain reactions. To bring this strain process to an end, recovery is needed. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of job demand`s recovery on staff`s recovery experience (mental detachment, relaxation, mastery experience and control).This was experimental study in which the pretest-posttest design with control group was used. The study population included all male employees of Ahvaz National Drilling Company which 30 persons were selected for hypothesis testing and 80 persons were selected for validate the questionnaire by Simple random sampling. “Recovery Experience Questionnaire” was used to measure variables.10 training sessions were held for 2 hours during 5 weeks. Due to lack of regression homogeneity assumption for doing covariance analysis, analysis of variance was performed on difference scores between pre-test and post-test of dependent variables. Results showed between experimental and control groups in pre-test and post-test difference scores of relaxation, experience mastery, mental detachment and control had significant difference (p<0.001).Therefore, training of job demand`s recovery increased dimension of employees' recovery experiences. In other words, participants in training class learned how to manage their time after work to relieve from job demands and stress.