The polite listener In EnglAND stares at the speaker attentively AND blinks his eyes occasionally as a sign of interest. That eye-blink says nothing to Americans, who expect the listener to nod or to murmur something such as "mm - hmm”. AND in some parts of  Far East, it is impolite to look at the other person at all during conversation.It is often argued that, in teaching foreign languages, CULTURE AND language are interwoven in a way that it is not possible to present language without its CULTURE. However, until a new method of teaching language, called communicative approach, which is sociolinguistically oriented, had not come into existence, this belief was not used to be observed in textbooks AND language classes. This method intends to create situations in the classroom in which foreign language can be used as naturally AND authentically as the native speakers of target language use it for communicative purposes.The problem of teaching CULTURE, nevertheless, does not end here. Nowadays, foreign languages are taught with different AND varied objectives. Is it necessary for all foreign language learners to get familiar with the CULTURE of foreign language they are supposed to learn? As Schumann (1984) claims, is it true that second language learning is impossible, unless one gives up his/her own native CULTURE AND adopts the CULTURE of foreign language community? What are some relevant issues regarding teaching English in Iran? These are actually some basic questions raised in this article. Whereas definite answers are not necessarily provided in this paper, some areas of research related to CULTURE, AND teaching foreign language are put forward.

Education is a continually developing activity, it shapes the way an individual develops their attitudes, thoughts AND behavior. Education is not just about being literate but it is an overall development of the person in every aspect of their lives. A society's educational system can be greatly linked to its CULTURE as the CULTURE that one is in have an affect on the type of curriculum the institutions will develop in order to cater to every individual of that particular CULTURE. Education moulds AND shapes a society AND it is influenced by the CULTURE of the particular country or society. The educational system acts as a point of reference for the society's needs AND demANDs. The principles that dominate this article is CULTURE AND education are interrelated AND interconnected. Every educational paradigm is influenced by the CULTURE of the society in which it operates. This essay underlines the extensive connection between CULTURE AND education. As a result, the goal of this essay is to depict these features from a Philosophical-Psychological Approach.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of different CULTURE mediums based on the Walne medium on the growth rate, chemical composition, AND fatty acid (FA) profile in I. galbana AND N. oculata. This experiment was done in a factorial design with two CULTURE media (Walne AND modified Walne media) AND two microalgae species, including I. galbana AND N. oculata. The results showed that the modified CULTURE medium increased total AND daily fresh AND dried biomass production of I. galbana AND N. oculata. Modified CULTURE media increased crude fat (CF) AND crude protein (CP) content AND total AND daily lipid production in both the studied species. However, in both the studied CULTURE mediums, N. oculata had higher growth AND production performance compared to I. galbana. Modified growth media also affects the FA profiles of the studied microalgae species. Total saturated AND unsaturated FA content was not influenced by the growth medium but modified media increased poly unsaturated FA (PUFA) at the expense of mono unsaturated FA (MUFA). Omega- 3 FA content (linolenic acid, Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) was increased as a result of the medium modification in both species. However, linoleic acid content was affected differently in I. galbana AND N. oculata. The linoleic acid concentration was reduced in modified medium grown N. oculata but increased in I. galbana. Palmitic acid AND stearic acid contents were also decreased in both of the studied species in the modified medium. This study develops microalgal cultivation using a modified Walne medium for higher CP, CF, EPA, DHA contents, the ratio of omega3: omega6 FA, AND biomass production in N. oculata AND I. galbana microalgae.Microalgae species can produce oil AND protein in non-cultivable lANDs, reducing the need for defrosting AND can have an important role in reducing carbon foot-print of animal production. One of the most valuable products of microalgae is their oil, which ranges from 20 to 50% of the dry weight of microalgae (Brennan AND Owende 2010; Leonga et al. 2018). The I. galbana is often grown on farms to produce oils that contain large amounts of PUFA rich in omega-3 long chain FA, such as EPA AND DHA (Gouveia et al. 2008). Species of the genus N. oculata are also known to be rich in EPA (Kagan et al. 2014; Borges et al. 2016). Factors such as nutrient quantity AND quality, light, pH, turbulence, salinity, AND temperature are the most important parameters on which, the growth of microalgae depends (Lavens AND Sorgeloos 1996; Converti et al. 2009; Emmanuel AND Nelson 2016). Vitamins regulate biochemical reactions in microalgae (Hakalin et al. 2014) AND the growth rate of some microalgae species is highly dependent on some the vitamins such as cobalamin, biotin AND thiamine (TANDon et al. 2017). However, the effect of vitamins on the growth, diversity, AND productivity of microalgae has been poorly studied (Arif et al. 2019). The effects of different Nitrogen AND phosphorus concentration as the main limiting nutrients on growth performance AND biomass production of I. galbana AND N. oculata had been evaluated previously (ANDersen 2005; Zarrinmehr et al. 2020). However, there was not any report about effects of modifying the availability of CULTURE medium sources of nitrogen AND phosphorus. In the composition of the Walne medium, No3-, Po4-, AND Cl- are considered as anions, AND Na+, Mn+, Co+, Zn+, AND Cu+ are considered as cations. Cations chelating anions AND making them less available to microalgae. So, we hypothesize that changing the concentration of cations in the CULTURE media, without increasing the concentration of N AND P sources, will change the availability of anionic compounds for microalgae AND consequently affects microalgal production AND composition. Therefore, the effects of lower levels of cations including ZnCl2, CoCl2. 6H2O, (NH4)6Mn7O24, AND CuSo4. 5H2O AND higher levels of B1 AND B12 vitamin in Walne medium on the growth rate, biomass production performance, chemical composition, AND fatty acid profile of I. galbana AND N. oculata, were investigated in this study. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different CULTURE mediums based on the Walne medium on the growth rate, chemical composition, AND fatty acid (FA) profile in I. galbana AND N. oculata. This experiment was done in a factorial design with two CULTURE media (Walne AND modified Walne media) AND two microalgae species, including I. galbana AND N. oculata. The results showed that the modified CULTURE medium increased total AND daily fresh AND dried biomass production of I. galbana AND N. oculata. Modified CULTURE media increased crude fat (CF) AND crude protein (CP) content AND total AND daily lipid production in both the studied species. However, in both the studied CULTURE mediums, N. oculata had higher growth AND production performance compared to I. galbana. Modified growth media also affects the FA profiles of the studied microalgae species. Total saturated AND unsaturated FA content was not influenced by the growth medium but modified media increased poly unsaturated FA (PUFA) at the expense of mono unsaturated FA (MUFA). Omega- 3 FA content (linolenic acid, Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) was increased as a result of the medium modification in both species. However, linoleic acid content was affected differently in I. galbana AND N. oculata. The linoleic acid concentration was reduced in modified medium grown N. oculata but increased in I. galbana. Palmitic acid AND stearic acid contents were also decreased in both of the studied species in the modified medium. This study develops microalgal cultivation using a modified Walne medium for higher CP, CF, EPA, DHA contents, the ratio of omega3: omega6 FA, AND biomass production in N. oculata AND I. galbana microalgae.

Religion can make a mutual relationship between WORKCONSCIENCE AND lifestyle. In fact, the widespread distribution of religion has made a public AND stable CULTURE among populations. Furthermore, its application can improve WORK-CONSCIENCE in social AND individual domains as a daily habit. Giving up this habit can cause guilty CONSCIENCE AND make people follow social norms of affect people’s WORK-CONSCIENCEs AND lifestyles, guide them through the direction of religion, AND make influential interaction between them can be as follows: considering religion as an effective element in encouraging hardWORKing, regarding WORK as a holy activity, AND paying attention to earning Halal income to internalize WORK-CONSCIENCE in a religious lifestyle. Moreover, Islamic lifestyle, which is founded upon Islamic beliefs, can significantly create AND improve WORK-CONSCIENCE. The present study intends to assert such a relationship.

Background & Purpose: The severe psychological shocks AND traumas that the employees of an organization experience as a result of different factors can have many unpleasant outcomes for employees AND the organization. This study analyzed the effect of organizational trauma on moral behavior AND WORK CONSCIENCE of employees through the mediating role of organizational CULTURE. Methodology: This is an applied descriptive-correlational study, in which the statistical population includes 386 employees WORKing at the University of Kashan. Cochran’ s formula of sample size was used along with the stratified rANDom sampling method to selected 186 employees as the statistical sample. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, AND data analysis was performed through the path analysis method AND the one-sample t-test in SPSS AND AMOS. Findings: The means of organizational trauma, moral behavior, WORK CONSCIENCE, AND organizational CULTURE were above average in the University of Kashan. Moreover, organizational trauma had negative, significant effects on moral behavior AND WORK CONSCIENCE of employees, whereas organizational CULTURE had positive, significant effects on their moral behavior AND WORK CONSCIENCE. Conclusion: Organizational trauma can have devastating effects on moral behavior AND WORK CONSCIENCE of employees; however, a rich AND positive organizational CULTURE can moderate AND mitigate these devastating effects.

WORK CONSCIENCE can be considered as a situation in which people in the society in various jobs, attempt to do their job accurately AND completely. Considering the significance of discussing WORK CONSCIENCE, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social health AND WORK CONSCIENCE of councilors by using field method, survey technique, questionnaire tool AND using SPSS AND Smart PLS software. The statistical population of the present study included 3500 councilors of neighborhoods in Tehran according to the latest statistics. The results indicated a significant positive AND direct relationship between social health (0. 34) AND its dimensions i. e. social correlation (P = 0. 32), social participation (P = 0. 40), social cohesion (P = 0. 30), social acceptance (p=0. 35), social self-actualization (p=0. 33) AND the WORK CONSCIENCE of Tehran councilors. Therefore, all research hypotheses were confirmed. The results of the Smart PLS structural equation model showed that the effect of the independent variable of social health on the WORK CONSCIENCE of Tehran councilors was 0. 58.

Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) has received considerable attention in recent years. It has been studied as behavioral outcome of employee' motivation in organizations. However, the present study sought the relationship between employee' WORK CONSCIENCE with OCB. For this purpose 267 physical education teachers responded to Costa & Mcrae WORK CONSCIENCE (1992) AND Podsakof's OCB (1990) questionnaires. Data was analyzed by using Pearson's correlation AND independent “t” tests. The results of the study showed significant positive relationship between employees' WORK CONSCIENCE with OCB AND its subscales. No differences were found between male AND female teachers regarding WORK CONSCIENCE & OCB. From the study of literature its revealed that employee WORK CONSCIENCE is essential to behavior in boosting up organizational citizenship performance AND high quality of services as well as inducing AND maintaining high level of motivation in employees.

Resistance is one of the fundamental Quranic values in the cause of the development of the Islamic society AND the formation of the Islamic civilization, which means stANDing AND resisting against something has upset the balance in internal AND external dimensions. The formation of this value in the society as one of the methods of the conventional model of human life in the fields of human life; So that its manifestation can be observed in the totality of social behaviors, it is called the CULTURE of resistance (Problem statement). The purpose of this article is the achievement of the engineering process of this value in a society based on the growth-oriented thought (ideological) system of the Holy Quran (Purpose). Now the question is what process does the Holy Quran propose in order to engineer the CULTURE of resistance in the society? (Question). The necessity of examining this issue is clear considering the emphasis of religious teachings on this value AND the need for Islamic societies, especially considering the current conditions of Islam AND the need for convergence AND coordination between the resistance front (Necessity). The research method in stating the engineering process AND its components is qualitative content analysis with an analogy approach (Method). The findings of the research show that the engineering process of resistance CULTURE is based on a self-awareness AND purposefulness, according to the idea of Quranic growth, in a three-stage process that leads to the happiness of man AND human society (Conclusion).

WORK ethic is a cultural norm which gives positive moral values doing good WORK in the community. The purpose of this article is to review AND understAND the WORK ethic AND organizational factors that influence it. This research employs survey method AND uses questionnaires. The selected target society has been employees of state universities in Tabriz with a sample of 274 people. After extracting AND analyzing data AND producing of statistic indexes (indicators) for independent AND cumulated variables of the research, the result show that the least AND the most WORK ethics of the sample people are 2.9 AND 5 respectively. The degree of WORK ethics of studied employees is 4.21. Also, the WORK ethics of 4.4 percent of the population is in low level, 52.1 percent in intermediate level AND 36.5 percent in high level.Eventually 22.7% of respondents have considered the organization management style as autocratic, 53.6% as moderate AND 23.7% as participatory. In this way the popular management style in university has been assessed as moderate. In this research there is a positive AND meaningful correlation between the WORK ethics AND job satisfaction justice (fairness) AND organizational commitment AND also a negative AND meaningful correlation between WORK ethics AND organization alienation AND autocratic management style.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of conscientiousness on social responsibility through mediation of professional ethics among Mohaghegh Ardebil University staffs. Method: The research method is descriptive-correlation. Population of this study includes 380 employees of Mohaghegh Ardebil University. 190 individuals were selected as sample using simple rANDom sampling method. For collecting data، three stANDard questionnaires of conscientiousness، social responsibility AND professional ethics have been used. T-test AND structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that: WORK CONSCIENCE has a direct effect on professional ethics. There is also a positive AND significant relationship between professional ethics AND social responsibility، AND as professional ethics rises، social responsibility rises، which means that there is a direct linear relationship between professional ethics AND social responsibility. Conclusion: Considering the positive AND significant relationship between professional ethics AND social responsibility، it seems that universities AND its managers should pay particular attention to these variables، it is suggested that they should be consistent with AND based on the stANDards AND the principles of professional ethics in their organization to promote social responsibility.