Fagus is one of the most abundant and economically important genera of woody plants in the North of Iran. Izozyme diversity of Fagus orientalis Lipsky was investigated in 14 Iranian beech populations originating from the major part of distribution range of this tree species in Hyrcanian zone (Southern coasts of Caspian Sea). Enzyme variation of beech populations was studied using 6 isozyme Loci at 3 systems including Menadion reductase (MNR), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) by starch gel electrophoresis. Among 15 observed alleles, 8 rare alleles (less than 5% of the allelic frequency) and 4 specific area alleles (observed in less than 5 populations) were detected Results indicated that all rare alleles are not specific area ones. Population Neka at elevation 900 m above from sea level, Kheirud at elevation 600 m and population Asalem at elevation 600 m showed the highest number of area specific alleles. Observation of some geographical trends in alleles MNR-A/B and MDH-A/C were due to important ecological differences among the studied populations (from East far to West far and from lowest to highest borders of beech forests in Iran).

Fagus is one of the most abundant and economically important genera of woody plants in the North of Iran. Izozyme diversity of Fagus orientalis Lipsky was investigated in 14 Iranian beech populations originating from the major part of distribution range of this tree species in Hyrcanian zone (Southern coasts of Caspian Sea). Enzyme variation of beech populations was studied using 5 isozyme Loci at 4 systems including Phosphoglucose Isomerase (PGI), Phosphoglucomutase (PGM), Shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH), 6-Phosphogluconate dyhydrogenase (6PGD) by starch gel electrophoresis. Among 19 observed alleles, 12 rare alleles in 5 loci (less than 5% of the allelic frequency) and 10 specific area alleles (observed in less than 5 populations) were detected. Results indicated that all specific area alleles are rare ones too. Population Neka at elevation 900 m from sea level and Kheirud at elevation 2000 m from sea level showed the highest number of specific area and rare alleles. No area specific or rare alleles were found in population Gorgan at 2000 m from sea level. Observation of some geographical trends in alleles PGI-B/B and SKDH-A/B were couse of important ecological differences among the studied populations (from East far to West far and from lowest to highest limitation of beech forests in Iran).

Background and aim: Measurement of serum enzymes levels, such as lactate dehydrogenaze (LDH) and its isoenzymes is a routine way for diagnosis of myocardial infarction. One of these isoenzymes is LDH-1 which is raised after myocardial infarction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate total-LDH/heat resistant-LDH ratio in patients with acute myocardial infarction and unstable pectoral angina. Methods: In an descriptive analitical study 220 patients with suspected myocardial infarction (MI) or unstable pectoral angina (UA), hospitalized in CCU ward of Ekbatan Hospital in Hamedan city were studied. Using WHO's criteria, 110 were classified as having myocardial infarction and 110 as having unstable pectoral angina. The serum level of total-LDH and heat resistant-LDH was measured by NADH exchange method, 24 to 48 hours after their admission to the hospital. Data were analyzed by student-t test and Mann-Witheny test. Result: Our study showed that total-LDH / heat resistant-LDH ratio in MI patients was 1.27±0.18 and it was 2.51±1.39 in UA patients (P<0.001). In our study, we found that when total LDH/ heat resistant-LDH ratio is decreased the severity of myocardial infarction (number of involved leads) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is increased (P<0.01). We did not find any relationship between total LDH/ heat resistant-LDH ratio with sex, age, type of MI (Q-wave & Non Q-wave), block after MI and arrhythmia following MI. Conclusion: Our results revealed that measuring heat resistant- LDH can be used as a method for accurate diagnosis of MI. This simple method can be used in centers where other accurate tests are not available.

Background & Aim: Levels of lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) in the cerebrospinal Fluid(CSF) have been used to evaluate a variety of neurologic disorders. However, few studies have been performed on neonates. The aim of this study was to detect levels of this enzyme in normal neonates.Patients and Methods: In this descriptive study, CSF samples were collected from 94 febrile infants; 46 aged 0-4 weeks and 48 aged 5-8 weeks. These LDH levels were compared to those of 45 febrile infants with mean age of 10±6/2 months who were suspected of nervous system infection and normal CSF findings.Results: Mean total LDH activity in the CSF was significantly higher in the first month of life than in the second month of life as compared with the control group (p<0.001).Conclusion: We propose evaluation of total LDH activity in CSF of normal neonates according to age.

Effect of various NaCI treatments (0, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mM) at different growth and development stages (tillering, boot swollen, flowering and anthesis) of two wheat cultivars on the kinetic activity and PAGE electrophoretic pattern of leaf malate dehydrogenase was studied under greenhouse conditions. Ghods was salt-sensitive and Boolani was salt-tolerant. In general, in response to salintiy treatments, the increase in malate dehydrogenase was only significant during tillering and boot swollen and there was no significant difference between these cultivars. In addition, the electrophoretic patterns of leaf malate dehydrogenase showed significant changes during tillering and booting and these differences were not significant between Ghods and Boolani. Thus, it seemed that salt stress could induce significant changes in the kinetic activity and PAGE electrophoretic pattern of leaf malate dehydrogenase only during early growth stages in these cultivars.