Long-Term Effects of Hippocampal Low-Frequency Stimulation on Pro-Inflammatory Factors and Astrocytes Activity in Kindled Rats

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Rohani Razieh; ALIAGHAEI ABBAS; ABDOLLAHIFAR MOHAMMAD AMIN; SADEGHI YOUSEF; ZARE LEILA; DEHGHAN SAMANEH; HEIDARI MOHAMMAD HASSAN

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Journal: Cell Journal (Yakhteh) Year:2021 | Volume:23 | Issue:1 (89) Page(s): 85-92

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Title

Long-Term Effects of Hippocampal Low-Frequency Stimulation on Pro-Inflammatory Factors and Astrocytes Activity in Kindled Rats

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Keywords

Deep Brain Stimulation

Epilepsy

GFAP

Interleukin-6

TNF-α

Abstract

Objective: Epilepsy is accompanied by inflammation, and the anti-inflammatory agents may have anti-seizure effects. In this investigation, the effect of Deep Brain Stimulation, as a potential therapeutic approach in epileptic patients, was investigated on seizure-induced inflammatory factors. Materials and Methods: In the present experimental study, rats were kindled by chronic administration of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ; 34 mg/Kg). The animals were divided into intact, sham, low-frequency Deep Brain Stimulation (LFS), kindled, and kindled +LFS groups. In kindled+LFS and LFS groups, animals received four trains of intra-hippocampal low-frequency Deep Brain Stimulation (LFS) at 20 minutes, 6, 24, and 30 hours after the last PTZ injection. Each train of LFS contained 200 pulses at 1 Hz, 200 μ A, and 0. 1 ms pulse width. One week after the last PTZ injection, the Y-maze test was run, and then the rats’ brains were removed, and hippocampal samples were extracted for molecular assessments. The gene expression of two pro-inflammatory factors [Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α )], and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity (as a biological marker of astrocytes reactivation) were evaluated. Results: Obtained results showed a significant increase in the expression of of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α , and GFAP at one-week post kindling seizures. The application of LFS had a long-lasting effect and restored all of the measured changes toward normal values. These effects were gone along with the LFS improving the effect on working memory in kindled animals. Conclusion: The anti-inflammatory action of LFS may have a role in its long-lasting improving effects on seizure-induced cognitive disorders.

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APA: Copy

Rohani, Razieh, ALIAGHAEI, ABBAS, ABDOLLAHIFAR, MOHAMMAD AMIN, SADEGHI, YOUSEF, ZARE, LEILA, DEHGHAN, SAMANEH, & HEIDARI, MOHAMMAD HASSAN. (2021). Long-Term Effects of Hippocampal Low-Frequency Stimulation on Pro-Inflammatory Factors and Astrocytes Activity in Kindled Rats. CELL JOURNAL (YAKHTEH), 23(1 (89)), 85-92. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/762894/en

Vancouver: Copy

Rohani Razieh, ALIAGHAEI ABBAS, ABDOLLAHIFAR MOHAMMAD AMIN, SADEGHI YOUSEF, ZARE LEILA, DEHGHAN SAMANEH, HEIDARI MOHAMMAD HASSAN. Long-Term Effects of Hippocampal Low-Frequency Stimulation on Pro-Inflammatory Factors and Astrocytes Activity in Kindled Rats. CELL JOURNAL (YAKHTEH)[Internet]. 2021;23(1 (89)):85-92. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/762894/en

IEEE: Copy

Razieh Rohani, ABBAS ALIAGHAEI, MOHAMMAD AMIN ABDOLLAHIFAR, YOUSEF SADEGHI, LEILA ZARE, SAMANEH DEHGHAN, and MOHAMMAD HASSAN HEIDARI, “Long-Term Effects of Hippocampal Low-Frequency Stimulation on Pro-Inflammatory Factors and Astrocytes Activity in Kindled Rats,” CELL JOURNAL (YAKHTEH), vol. 23, no. 1 (89), pp. 85–92, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/762894/en

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