Background and Objective: Post pain operative is common and a major complication which lead to numerous dangerous effects in various organs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of methocarbamol on postoperative pain following cholecystectomy.Materials and Methods: In a randomized, double-blind clinical trail study 60 ASA I, II patient in two group (n=30 in each group) between 30-50 years old and weigh lower of 100kg undergone general anesthesia for cholecystectomy. Elective surgery was selected in Besat Hospital, Sanandaj, Iran during 2008. Both group did not receive premedication and under similar condition of general anesthesia. Interventional group received 500 mg Methocarbamol intravenus slowly and the control group received 5ml placebo slowly after operation. The pain score were measured by visual anesthesia scale (VAS) on the 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours after operation and if necessitated narcotics (PRN, VAS>4) were prescribed. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16, ANOVA, Chi-Square and student’s t-tests.Results: There were no significant differences between two groups in terms of age, gender. The mean of score pain was lower for interventional group at 6.24 hours after operation (P<0.05). But no significant differences was observed at 1, 3 and 12 hours. The prescribe narcotic in interventional group was lower compared to controls (P<0.05).Conclusion: According to analgesic effects and low prescribe narcotics, it is suggested to use methocarbamol after operative due to analgesic effect.

Background: As gag reflex is considered as a complication during most of the dental procedures, developing new techniques have always been a task for clinicians to overcome the problem.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of salt (Nacl) to temporarily eliminate the gag reflex during intraoral radiography.Material and Methods: A group of 256 patients (128 male, 128 female) were selected who had history of gag reflex from those reffered to Dental Radilogy Department a Kerman university. Patients were devided in to two groups. During the course of this study of case who used salt, and control group who used starch (as PLASEBO).Salt was poured on anterior 2/3 the oftonque, five seconds before taking the dental radiograph. The same proucedure was accomplished with starch for the second group. Incase of an elemination of gag reflex afterpouringsaltor starch, the subject will be recorded as positive responder, other wise as negative.Results: Among 128 patients who were examined with salt, 113 individuals showed a positive respond (88.3%).While, among 128 patients who were examined with starch only 3 individuals showed a positive respond(2.3%).Conclisions: A possitive effect of NaCl could be councluded to relief the gag reflex based on the results of this study.

Background and Objectives: Furosemide is one of the elements of drug therapy for cardiogenic pulmonary edema, but its systemic administration is associated with complications, such as hypotension, renal damage, and decreased serum potassium. Inhalation administration is a new route, which does not have the side effects of systemic administration, but its effectiveness is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of treatment with the nebulized furosemide in patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema Methodes: This clinical trial study was conducted on 125 patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema reffering to the Department of Emergency Medicine of Rasoul Akram and Firouzgar hospitals in 2017. The samples were randomly assigned to two groups of experimental (62 individuals receiving furosemide with nebulizer) and control (63 individuals receiving normal saline with nebulizer). After the vital Signs intervention, the data relating to the lung were compared using t-test and Chi square test. Results: There was no difference between the two studied groups in terms of the mean changes in systolic (intervention 129, PLASEBO 128. 9) and diastolic blood pressures (intervention 79. 2, PLASEBO 78), pulse rate (intervention 92. 2, PLASEBO 91. 8), respiratory rate (intervention 22. 8, PLASEBO 22. 3), and blood oxygen saturation (intervention 92, PLASEBO 91. 7). Changes in lung auscultation showed no statistically significant changes between the groups (p=0. 56). Conclusion: The finding of the present study revealed that inhaled furosemide had no positive effect in the patients with acute pulmonary edema. Therefore, considering the novelty of the issue, further studies are recommended.

This study was performed to determine and compare the onset time of epidural anesthesia between lidocaine - sufentanil and lidocaine - bicarbonate.Eighty - one patients aged 14 - 65 years who underwent surgical procedures under epidural anesthesia were studied in the Hamadan Medical Sciences University Hospitals in 1998. This study was a double blind,clinical trial.The patients were divided randomly to three groups (lidocain-PLASEBO, lidocaine-sufentanil and lidocaine-bicarbonate). After performing the method , the obtained information were entered into the questionnaires. Next , all data were analysed by using one way analysis of variance in the statistical software EPI6.The cold sensory time (sympathetic block)in both groups of lidocaine-bicabonate and lidocaine - sufentanil (5.11min.) was shorter than that of the controlled group(10.22 min.). Besides, the pin prick loss time (sensory block) in the lidocaine- bicarbonate (7.92 min.) and lidocaine- sufentanil (7.29min.) groups was shorter than the controlled group (11.88 min.). Duration of analgesia in the lidocaine - sufentanile’s group was more than the lidocaine - bicarbonate’s and lidocaine - placebo's group (350.3 min.versus 221.5 min.and 160.6 min.).The three groups didn’t differ significantly with respect to systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure and heart rate. Among the narcotic complications, the incidences of pruritus was 3.7%, but other complications such as nausea, vomiting and respiratory depression were not observed.Consequently, sufentanil can be used in epidural anesthesia, because it has fast onset of the anesthesia, prolonged duration of analgesia and low incidence of its complications.