Globalizationis a phenomenonthat appearingin the present age caused excessive change in different basis. Attentive to expanding extent of requirement and specializedproduct that causes excessive dependencyof countries;integrationin worldeconomyis unavoidable. Globalizationpoints to growth of economicrelationship between countriesin world level and increasein exchangedimension,kind of goods, services boundary exchange and expending technology. Attentive to oldnessand importanceof Textile,Wearingapparel and Leatherindustriesand possibiLITyto join Iran to WTOa surveyon the globalization~ffecton theseindustries,is necessary. In this thesis, the globalizationmeasurementhas been benefited trom two variable LIT (Level of International Trade) and LIT (Integration of International Trade) and surveyed the effect of globalization on technical efficiency, export of Textile, Wearing apparelandLeatherindustries.(ISIC32 code) Approximatelyeconometricsfunctionsshowthat globalizationhave negativeeffects on efficiency,export of Textile,Wearingapparel and Leatherindustries.Estimationtrend of two used variableand result of approximately econometrics functions show that Textile, Wearing apparel and Leather industries arent placed on positive trend of globalization and these industries will encounter problem if Iran connectsto WTO. With due considerationto results of research it reconnnendsthat laborused parts must develop,andsupportsthe parts of industriesthat dependentson internalsources.

چکیده: سازمان همکاری شانگهای نمادی از زنجیره همگرایی منطقه‌ای در آسیا به شمار می‌رود که به‌واسطه موقعیت اقتصادی و یا اجتماعی کشورهای عضو و همچنین پوشش جغرافیایی این گروه در سطح جهان قابل توجه است. از سویی تفاوت‌های عدیده در زیرساخت‌های اقتصادی کشورهای عضو و سطح درآمدی آن‌ها، بررسی شاخص تاب‌آوری در گروه شانگهای بسیار حائز اهمیت است. در واقع شاخص تاب‌آوری به دنبال ارزیابی قابلیت سازگاری اقتصادی یک کشور و یا گروهی از کشورها در مقابل شوک‌های ایجادشده و نهایتاً پتانسیل بازگشت به سطح تعادلی مطلوب است، لذا بررسی سطح تاب‌آوری در گروه شانگهای می‌تواند دورنما و آینده این سازمان را با وضوح بیشتری نشان دهد. در این پژوهش از روش اقتصادسنجی پانل فضایی در دوره زمانی 2020-2014 استفاده شده است. لذا دو معادله بررسی و مدل SAR با روش اثرات تصادفی پذیرفته شده است و نتایج نشان می‌دهد که متغیرهای حجم تجارت و نوآوری بر شاخص تاب‌آوری، تأثیر مثبت و معناداری دارند.

Routinely hemodialysis (HD) solution with a K+ concentration of 1 mEq/LIT is being used in Iranian HO centers. This dialysate K+ concentration may cause dangerous hypokalemia during HO session, and other K+ concentrations of HD solutions are not available. In two previtms studies, the effects of different K+ concentrations on dialysis efficacy were studied, which had conflicting results. So we studied the effect of one and three mEq/LIT K+ concentrations of HD solutions on dialysis efficacy and serum K+ level at the end and 30 minutes after HD session. Thirty chronic stable HO patients contributed in a double blind crossover study. Patients in the first session of two consecutive weeks were hemodialysed with 1 arid 3 mEq/LIT, K+ dialysate. At 30 seconds after HO, dangerous hypokalemia ([K+]<3.5 mEq/LIT) occurred more frequently with dialysate K+ concentration of 1 versus 3 mEq/LIT (50% vs. 3.3%, P<0.05). This difference was abolished 30 minutes after completion of HO. Incidences rate of dangerous hyperkalemia ([K+]>5.5 mEq/LIT) was similar with both K+ concentrations. Thirty minutes after completion of HD, better HD adequacy was achieved with 3 mEq/LIT compared with 1 mEq/LIT K+ dialysate concentration measured with Kt/V (0.93±0.3 vs. 0.84±0.34, P<0.05) and urea reduction ratio (0.52±0.12 vs. 0.48±0.17, P<0.05). Therefore using 3 mEq/LIT K+ dialysate concentration is safer and causes a higher dialysis efficacy compared with I mEq/LIT K+ dialysate concentration.

Background: According to some researches in recent years, Blastocystis is considered as the etiological agent of some gastrointestinal disorders. This parasite is polymorphic and its detection is not easy under the microscope. Because of this problem, several microscopic based studies have already reported different Blastocystis infection rates. Application of culture methods increases the chance of diagnosis of this parasite. The in vitro culture of Blastocystis in Liver Infusion Tryptose (LIT) medium is described for the first time in this study.Materials and Methods: Liver Infusion Tryptose (LIT) containing 10% fetal calf serum in screw-capped tubes was used. Samples incubated in 37°c and examined after 24, 48 and 72 hours.Results: 420 fresh stool samples were tested by LIT culture method and 100 positive samples (23.8%) of Blastocystis sp. were detected. while only 64 samples (15.2%) were positive with direct smear examination.Conclusion: This study highlights the same sensitivity of this culture media and other regular cultures media and it introduces a new medium for Blastocystis sp. detection.

The World Trade Organization, as one of the youngest international organizations following its 50th activity of predecessor means the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in the Multilateral Trade System, through the establishment of a General Agreement on Trade in Services, regulated the domain of International Trade in services and by designating Integrated legal framework for the advancement and development of international trade in health services sector has emerged as one of the fourteen sections of its international services, which has become increasingly important for both developing and developed countries in the past two decades. The present study, using the analytical-descriptive method of this finding, will determine that the General Agreement on Trade in Services as one of the main Agreements covered by the WTO law will play a significant role in the development of international trade in health services through a variety method of services supply and codification general and special legal obligations.

In most contemporary legal systems, beside of the ostensible commercial company, there are somekind of occult commercial company, like 'joint ventures, in English Law and societe en participation, in Franch Law, that is necessary for both internal and international commercial practice. In our legal system there is not a legal commercial institution for the same purpose. In modern time with Globalization concept on international commercial business, the necessity of such institution fell more and more. On the other hand the reformatory project of commercial code 1384 does not provide any instrument for this Purpose. By this article we try to trace the headline of such regulation that becomes a hard fact.