Eloquence in Islam has a history over a thousand years. Many a different view are taken by scholars. Sakkaki is one of the scholars who, above all the others, has shown tendency towards innovation and quoting opposite views. The present paper attempts to explain the basis of Sakkaki"s view in as simple terms as possible.

In recent decades, more and more attention has been paid to Sa’adi and his works, but some hidden aspects of his poems can still be detected by paying more attention. At the beginning of his ghazals, Sa’di has presented a monotheistic ghazal and at the beginning of this ghazal, he has expressed his monotheistic belief in a beautiful and eloquent way in the Tayyebat section of the ghazal. (Tayyebat section is the most important part of his ghazals.)To praise God, Sa`adi speaks of beautiful countenance and character instead of speaking of God’s other blessings and creatures. He has mentioned this and has defended it in different ghazals. The result is the formation of average ghazals (both real and allegorical). In the end, he has managed to introduce ethical love. He has explained the ethics of love in the Golestan and Boostan.

An aesthetic aspect of Mohammad Taqi Bahar’s poetry is its images. In creating images, Bahar’s creative mind has combined imagination and inspiration with verbal skills in such a way that his carnal and affective states are made manifest in the form of simile and metaphor. He creates various innovative, sense-to-sense, and eloquent images.The tenor of the simile is often the poet himself, the beloved, and sometimes abstract concepts; objects and natural elements are often used for the vehicle of the simile. His metaphors are mostly of the figurative type. The vehicle of the constructive elements of his metaphors is often nature and objects; the tenor of his metaphor is mostly the poet himself.This article tries to formally analyze the origins of Eloquence for these artistic and sometimes creative images and to provide a content analysis of these image creating elements.

Eloquence, a term always related to rhetoric in Arabic-Islamic tradition, refers to clarity and clearness in language. The theoretical framework of Eloquence involves the highlighting of a group of mistakes that should be avoided. The criteria of this framework are mainly defined in a negative manner and only are able to distinguish between eloquent and non-eloquent patterns. In this article, giving a short and clear description about traditional point of view on Eloquence and related issues, we propose a new framework for Eloquence based on sociolinguistics. In new framework, the criteria will be defined in a positive manner and will enable us to evaluate different patterns of language in an effective manner. New theoretical framework consists of five criteria: purity, beauty, adequacy, efficiency and acceptability. Breaking down this framework into five criteria is for a better understanding of various aspects of Eloquence. These criteria are correlated and work together. Proposition of a new framework does not mean the rejection of the traditional framework. As the main goal, we aim at removing restrictions of old framework and to revive concept of Eloquence for applying it in linguistic criticism in the contemporary era.

The improvement and manifestation in any phenomenon is only possible by analyzing and dissolution of its minute subjects and problems. And at the same time its retardation becomes to the negligence of this matter. Literature and its subjects too is no exception. This matter to day obvious among the scholars. one of the important subjects of literature is the subject of Eloquence and a branch of it is Irony and metaphor, a matters that some ancients and even contemporary scholars believe that these two subjects are and similar. But those two are not the same and in this article it is shown, by giving examples and clear definitions, that they are two different subjects and meanings.

Poem, in spite of the fact that develops individual and social aspects of child’s life, aesthetic taste, emotional and lexical richness, may result in negative effects in his linguistic performance. Deviations from ordinary standards of language, inappropriate application of words and ill-formed sentences structures cause mal-substitution of grammatical constructions in child’s lexicon. However, poets are considered not to disregard linguistic elements at the expense of acquiring musical elements. In this connection, rhetoric, and then poetics must be ranked in the first place. In order for the discourse and the situational context of the addressee aptly met, it seems necessary to choose linguistic patterns with respect to the age group of the addressees. This makes children to perceive plain language easily. The use of adult language in child poetry complicates its perception and diminishes its Eloquence quality. Opacity of terms, semantic and syntactic ambiguities, and hyperboles are the major pitfalls of child poems. In the current study, it is aimed to study the type of the mentioned pitfalls. The necessity of the present research lies in applicability of its results, paying much more attention to the ways of language application in child poems and preventing losses in child’s language.

Eloquence and Loquaciousness are two subjects different from rhetoric and they have along history which goes back to pre-Islamic times. They were observed and utilized by poets and orators many yeas before the advent of Islam.Rhetoric emerged and flourished after Islam and within the Islamic civilization. Several definitions had been presented. First for it and concurrent with the development of this at more precise definitions appeared gradually for the evolution of these definitions and their differences with be the Subject matter of this essay.

Despite of discussion of “repetition”, which is simple and minor and, in the rhetoric, it is a disruptive factor of Eloquence, but the rhetorical of speech is subject to repetition. The secret of repetition in Quran phrases and words is known due to forward and backward words. While in Quran, there is not any useless repetition. Although in Quran, some phrases are sometimes repeated, repetitions are not boring and are commensurate with the features of each chapter as if one can say in each chapter repeated parts have a new meaning. End goal of repeating is to emphasize on the subject and make it bigger to show its importance. Further, if we put repetition in Quran in this class, there will be not any disruptive in relation. If repetition is because of ordering and dividing such as «وجاء ربک والملک صفا صفا», the purpose is not emphasizing an hyperbole. Sometimes, from music point of view, its cause is also important, and contemporary definition of repeat is not different from ancients. However, if repetition is because of situation, rhetorical is the condition not because of disability.

Persian rhetorical books, following the same framework as that of Arabic ones, mainly include a critical preface dealing with the idea of word Eloquence. This, in itself, puts forward the idea that a word's being void of some defects equals with its being eloquent; among which several major defects seems to be commonly discussed in all. That is, cacophony, eccentricity, and agrammaticality.However, what has been put forward in all these books, due to their dependence on Arabic rhetorical books, leads to shortage, or even lack of, optimal examples in Persian literature and this, consequently, bereaves these prefaces of being an optimal criterion for rhetorical exemplifications. Last but not least, one could observe more critical relevant topics which have commonly been ignored in all these books.

Rhetoric and Eloquence are among the terms that have attracted for researchers since the beginning of rhetorical works. In different periods, while discussing these terms, rhetoricians have tried to provide criteria for them. What is obtained through rhetorical books shows that after the early centuries in Islamic rhetoric, we are faced with tasteful criteria in this realm, criteria whose acceptance and application today are not without many flaws and such criteria cannot be used as measures for different texts, especially modern texts and new formats or types. In the present study, while examining, analyzing and criticizing the rhetoric and Eloquence and categorizing the opinions of predecessors, we have tried to explain the terms with other component; components that can provide a clearer picture of the concepts of Eloquence and rhetoric. It seems that to get a clearer understanding of such concepts and to avoid exploitative views, one can use the opinions of linguists about context types of context, as well as Roman Jacobson's communication theory and the six roles of language based on this theory; In other words, with the help of linguistic studies, the components of rhetoric and Eloquence can be redefined in other ways which in addition to clarifying terms and avoiding aspects of taste, it is more inclusive. Accordingly, the various context of speech along with the roles of language can be considered as the central elements of rhetoric and Eloquence. At the same time, according to Van Peer, literary and sacred texts are always "making context”, they make their context based on the situation in which they are located; In other words,literary and sacred texts do not have a closed and unchangeable context. In addition, in this redefinition, we must consider the various textual, situational, cultural, and social contexts, along with a new understanding of communication theory and language roles, as components of rhetoric and Eloquence.