Coronvirus desies and its consequences have caused concern among various segments of society. In particular, the change in teaching methods from online to face-to-face training and the damage caused by this process in some cases has made this educational process difficult. Thus, identifying students' concerns and understanding the predictions of Anxiety in the reopening of educational institutions will allow us to address the roots of this factor after the Corona epidemic and the reopening of schools.. This research is a qualitative research and content analysis and its statistical population is high school students in Tehran at the time of reopening of schools after the Corona epidemic. From this statistical population, 40 male and female subjects who met the research criteria were selected. After interviewing the subjects and analyzing them, sub-themes and main themes have been identified and classified.

Introduction: Surgical treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) is one of the most common surgeries in the world. In many studies the success is related to the radiological results. The aim of this study, however, is to determine the effects of some psychological factors such as depression, Anxiety and patients’ expectations concerning their satisfaction from Disk Herniation surgery (DHS).Materials and Methods: Sixty patients who were candidates for DHS were examined for depression, expectations, Anxiety and satisfaction before and three months after the surgery using standard questionnaires.Results: The patients consisted of 33 females (55%) and 27 males (45%). The average of pain acuity before the surgery was measured as 7.25 units which decreased to 2.1 units after the operation. 93.3% of the subjects were diagnosed with Anxiety of different degrees and 66.7% with depression. 70% had high expectations. The patients’ satisfaction rate was ranging from 1.7 to 8.9 (mean= 5.5).  Satisfaction gained the highest rate in the patients aging between 30-39 years old. Also, depression and high expectations were found to be associated with lower levels of satisfaction.Conclusion: Depression decreases patient’s satisfaction while low expectations can increase it.

2Introduction: This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of combined treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness on cortisol levels in individuals with generalized Anxiety disorder.  Methods: The study employed a semi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test control group and a two-month follow-up period. The study population included all individuals with symptoms of generalized Anxiety disorder who referred to the clinics of the Psychological Services Center and Counseling in Region 3, the Counseling and Psychological Services Center of Welfare in Region 6, and the Aryaz Counseling and Psychological Services of Region 6, Tehran, from April 2022 to the end of autumn 2022. Results: The sample consisted of 30 individuals (10 males and 20 females) with generalized Anxiety disorder, selected purposefully and randomly assigned to a treatment group based on virtual reality and mindfulness (15 individuals) and a control group (15 individuals). Pre-test, post-test, and follow-up cortisol levels were measured, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) was used as the entry criterion. Subsequently, the experimental group received an eight-session, 17-minute weekly treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness. Participants in this group, while immersed in a virtual environment, watched 360-degree virtual reality videos, "Walking by the Beach" and "Pebbles in the Lake," accompanied by mindfulness audio contemplation, "Being Present and Breathing," and "Wise Mind," using a VR headset and VR-ARBOX. The control group received no treatment. Conclusions: After completing the interventions, post-tests and two-month follow-ups were conducted. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with SPSS23 software, revealing that the combined treatment based on virtual reality and mindfulness was effective in reducing cortisol levels. It is suggested that this combined method is used as a clinical intervention in order to reduce the level of Anxiety and cortisol of people suffering from generalized Anxiety disorder alone or along with other psychological and pharmaceutical interventions.

Background and Aim: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that destroys the myelin of the central nervous system, gradually impairing bodily functions and balance. This study aims to predict rumination based on Anxiety sensitivity and alexithymia, with lifestyle acting as a mediating factor in women with MS. Methods: This correlational descriptive study employed a simple random sampling method to select 158 women with MS from the Iranian MS Patients Association in Tehran, Iran, in 2022. Participants completed the Ruminative Response Scale (Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow, 1991), Anxiety Sensitivity Index (Reiss et al., 1986), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20, Bagby et al., 1994), and Laali et al. lifestyle questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient tests, hierarchical regression analysis in SPSS version 26, and path analysis in Lisrel version 10. Results: In women with MS, Anxiety sensitivity and alexithymia showed a positive correlation with rumination, while lifestyle had a negative correlation with rumination (P < 0.001). Lifestyle played a mediating role in the relationship between Anxiety sensitivity, alexithymia, and rumination (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Anxiety sensitivity and alexithymia, through their influence on lifestyle, contribute to the rumination experienced by women with MS. To reduce rumination in this population, it is suggested that healthcare professionals specializing in MS should address Anxiety sensitivity and alexithymia while promoting a healthy lifestyle among their patients.