Introduction: Surgical treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) is one of the most common surgeries in the world. In many studies the success is related to the radiological results. The aim of this study, however, is to determine the effects of some psychological factors such as depression, Anxiety and patients’ expectations concerning their satisfaction from Disk Herniation surgery (DHS).Materials and Methods: Sixty patients who were candidates for DHS were examined for depression, expectations, Anxiety and satisfaction before and three months after the surgery using standard questionnaires.Results: The patients consisted of 33 females (55%) and 27 males (45%). The average of pain acuity before the surgery was measured as 7.25 units which decreased to 2.1 units after the operation. 93.3% of the subjects were diagnosed with Anxiety of different degrees and 66.7% with depression. 70% had high expectations. The patients’ satisfaction rate was ranging from 1.7 to 8.9 (mean= 5.5).  Satisfaction gained the highest rate in the patients aging between 30-39 years old. Also, depression and high expectations were found to be associated with lower levels of satisfaction.Conclusion: Depression decreases patient’s satisfaction while low expectations can increase it.

Background and Objective: Anxiety among patients experiencing coronary angiography increases within invasive studies including angiography. Anxiety as an intensifier at cardiovascular reactions can endanger patients in angiography clinics.Materials and Method: This research is a prospective and descriptive study performed on a group of 180patients hospitalized in Sari Fatemeh-Zahra Hospital for coronary angiography who were randomly selected. Demographic data and variables sheets and Spielberger state-trait Anxiety inventory were distributed among the two groups before and after aromatherapy. The data were analyzed using SPSS-16 as well as statistical T-test and F test, Kendon coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient and chi-square test.Results: The results also showed that in the 60-90 years old group, illiterate persons as well as patients who were smokers, obese people, patients who had high trait Anxiety level with waiting period of more than 7 days, as well as patients who did not enjoy exercising habits, patients who had family background of heart disease, patients experiencing their first angiography, patients who had no history of angiography in their family and patients who had no awareness on angiography all revealed high levels of state Anxiety and, statistically, significant relationship was observed between state Anxiety and the mentioned variables. (p<0.05) Conclusion: Increase age, low illiterate, smoke, obese, had no exercising, family history of heart disease, Lack of awareness about angiography, experiencing first angiography and family history angiography, waiting period (>6days) and trail Anxiety are factors which must be focused and managed.Conclusion: In general, high Anxiety in these patients makes clear the necessity of paying more attention by nursing and medical personel to reduction of Anxiety and application of appropriate interventions in order to reduce such problems and this issue will be possible when the factors causing Anxiety are identifie.

Mathematics Anxiety had been found to be related to mathematics achievement. Recent studies have shown that high achievement in mathematics is related to low Anxiety for students from school level to higher education. Maths Anxiety is not an isolated Phenomen; it originate and persists within a complex learning process. It has its roots in the much larger, vague, and elusive construct of Anxiety. In fact, maths Anxiety has become a luphemism for debilitating test stress, Low self- confidence, fear of failure and negative attitudes toward mathmatics learning. It has been shown that lack of a foundation in mathematics and low mathmatics self-steem reinforces mathematics Anxiety. In addition, mathematics Anxiety has often been identified as a factor in the avoidence of mathematics, especially is females. Therefore, mathematical Anxiety is a very common problem among students in mathematics courses and its effect in students performacne in class and exams should not be ignored by teacher. Severe maths Anxiety must be accepted as very damaging, with serious long term effects. However research into classroom Anxiety is uncommon in the mathematics education community, and few writers have discussed the interaction of emotional responses to learning mathematics. This paper has addressed several theoretical and empirical aspects of mathematical Anxiety and some important questions have been discussed

Objective: The objective of this study was analyzing the effect of meta-cognition elements on depression, trait and state Anxiety symptoms.Methods: In this Study, the sample consisted of 224 students of University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences that answered three questionnaires including Metacognitive Questionnaire (MCQ-30), Beck Depression inventory (BDI-II) and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Pearson correlation coefficient and step-by-step regression to analyze were used for data analysis.Results: According to the results, there is a positive and significant correlation between total score of metacognition and four elements of beliefs (positive beliefs, negative beliefs, uncontrollability and low cognitive trust (P<0.01). In addition, summary of results indicated that out of metacognitive elements, only general negative beliefs may predict the variations of depression scores, (P<0.01).Conclusion: Summary of this study demonstrated that metacognitive beliefs are significantly effective on prediction of depression and Anxiety. Moreover, out of metacognitive elements, only general negative beliefs, in comparison with other elements, may predict the depression.

People experience different levels of Anxiety associated with the 2019 Coronavirus 19, which may affect their lives. The present study aimed to investigate the role of health Anxiety, Anxiety sensitivity, and somatosensory amplification in predicting of students' COVID-19 Anxiety. The research design was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study included students of Guilan University in 2020. By using available sampling method, through online calling, 200 students participated in the study. Data were collected from the Covid-19 Anxiety Scale (Wheaton et al), Short-term health Anxiety Measurement (Salkovskis et al), Anxiety Sensitivity Index (Taylor et al), and somatosensory amplification Scale (Barsky et al). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation tests and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that health Anxiety, Anxiety sensitivity, and somatosensory amplification were positively and significantly correlated with COVID-19 Anxiety. Regression results showed that these variables significantly predicted 55% of the new coronavirus Anxiety. It seems that the high Anxiety level of COVID-19 in students, can enhance their Anxiety and sensitivity about health state and they would exaggerate physical and emotional symptoms. Thus, the University's psychological and Counseling Services must take steps to reduce the Anxiety of COVID-19 and increase students' awareness.