This study aims to identify and analyze potential scenarios for the future of Amol municipality revenues, with emphasis on financial sustainability and the role of institutional, economic, and social factors. A mixed-methods approach was applied. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews with urban governance experts and analysis of municipal financial and development documents were conducted. In the quantitative phase, a Likert-scale questionnaire was distributed among 300 respondents including citizens, municipal managers, contractors, and developers. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, MICMAC software for cross-impact analysis, and Scenario Wizard software for scenario construction. Trend analysis of 12 years of financial data was applied to forecast revenue changes through 2028. Results revealed that while general and specific taxes increased nominally, their relative share declined, whereas service charges and asset revenues gained significance. Five key drivers were identified: government support, infrastructure development, private sector investment, citizen tax compliance, and inflation. Based on these drivers, seven scenarios were generated ranging from optimistic (sustainable growth) to pessimistic and crisis situations (gradual collapse). Crisis scenarios highlighted negative synergies between weak financial policies, infrastructure deterioration, and low citizen participation. The study concludes that the financial future of Amol municipality depends strongly on governance quality, citizen trust, and infrastructure investment. Enhancing financial transparency, diversifying revenue sources, and securing consistent government support are vital to ensuring fiscal sustainability and preventing crisis scenarios.

The main objective of this article is to understand the reason for covering consumption (different coverings and Hijabs) of the young girls in the city of Amol. It also attemptes to achieve the young girls’ perspective on covering codes and the typology of different patterns. In order to do so, in the theoretical section of the article, different patterns including “ GHODSI pattern“, “ MOGHAVEMATI pattern “, “TALFIGHI pattern “ and “ORFI pattern “ have been differentiated. The qualitative method has been applied using interviews (individual-by group). The variables have been targeted with a theoretical saturation. Results show young girls have different meanings in choosing different clothing, therefore the overall results of the interview leads to 8 main categories including obeying the stereotype of Hijab, the pleasure of aesthetics, sociability, confronting social insecurity and a sexual approach to covering. This article also considers young girls’ approach to satellite channels. By order the most consumers of this media are “resistance pattern”, “secular pattern”, “combinational pattern” whereas the “sacred pattern” is the only group which has a severe approach towards satellite programs.

Murals of the Qajar era particularly in the historical houses are considered a valuable treasure of cultural, religious, and social concepts of this era. These figures have often been depicted with specific accuracy and elegance. These are symbols of the beliefs and worldviews of the people of that era and can be studied as a visual document to recognize developments in Qajar art and architecture. The Qoreyshi House in Amol, as one of the most outstanding samples of this era, containing varied murals full of symbolic concepts provides a unique opportunity for semiotic analysis. This research tries to reveal the relationship between figures and Qajar's religious, cultural, and social beliefs with the goal of deeper investigation of hidden meanings and concepts in various layers of mural figures in this house. Murals analysis in this research is higher than a mere description. It seeks their hidden meanings and symbolic implications to obtain a comprehensive perception of the artistic and religious views of artists and audiences of that era. The questions of this research are: 1-What concepts are observable in murals of Qoreyshi House in Amol? 2- What is the semantic load of the figure layers in the Qoreyshi House in Amol based on the visual semiotics approach? The methodology of this research is descriptive-analytical. The sampling method is selective with a sample size of four general murals, which themselves have twelve minor figures. In addition, it was qualitatively analyzed using a visual semiotics approach based on implicit and explicit implications. The mural figures of Qoreyshi House in Amol include animal, plant, symbolic, human, and hunting classifications where the peacock figure implies preventing Satan from entering the building, the rabbit figure implies bringing enemies to their knees, the woodpecker figure implies protecting the trees, and the comb figure implies generally human protection, respectively. There is an explicit implication to the role of a life tree in plant classification in the form of a cedar tree and a vase pattern. The life-tree figure is a symbol of the Tuba tree, and using vase figures motivates sensory stimulation in the eyes of the audience on the exterior of the building. Dragon in the classification of symbolic figures implies neutralization of negative force, the sun goddess implies the divinity and essence of the Almighty, and the bird-woman implies angels and archangels. The human figure of a hunter-man reflects the daily life of the native artists, and the lion and deer fighting in the figures classification is a symbol of the power and glory concept. The results showed the figures' impressibility from Iranian cultural and religious beliefs and social classes of the Qajar era. Regarding the cultural and artistic importance of the Qajar-era buildings, their protection is essential. Therefore, it is suggested to get inspired by the decorative figures of these buildings in contemporary art to protect this heritage and connect the past and present.

Background: One of the most important ways of pathologic and non-pathologic parasites transmission is through eating raw vegetables. Iranian people believe that eating raw vegetables is an important way to get some essential vitamins and minerals.Objectives: According to the high prevalence of pathologic parasites and also exporting different vegetables to the other provinces such as Tehran, we conducted this study to evaluate the parasitic pollution of raw vegetables in Amol city.Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive and analytic study compromised of 200 samples from 10 different vegetables including spinach, garden cress, parsley, lettuce, peppermint, radish, green onion, basil, coriander and scallion. The samples were evaluated using timely-sediment method and then centrifuging concentrating. The obtained results were analyzed by SPSS software and χ 2/Fisher's Exact Test.Results: Results showed that 93 (46.5%) of all vegetables (collected from 20 regions) were contaminated with pathologic and non-pathologic parasites. Among these, spinach and coriander were the highest (17.2%) and the lowest (3.2%) contaminated samples, respectively. The isolated parasites were nematode larva 25.8%, Giardia cyst 22.5%, Entamoeba coli cyst 19.3%. However, the obtained results from 100 restaurants and kebab samples did not show any parasitic contamination.Conclusions: Given hygiene issues and health status of people, the prevalence of some parasitic contaminations is the biggest problems among vegetable consumers. Using organized and new methods for irrigating the agricultural fields, preventing animals to enter the vegetable’s farmlands and also improving people’s knowledge on proper washing of vegetables can be useful in decreasing parasites prevalence.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the acceptance of rapeseed product insurance as an index of tendency to decrease yield risk among Amol county producers. Seventy rapeseed farmers classified as two groups of 35 random farmers with and without insurance.Explanatory (independent) variables for this study were age, experience of planting rapeseed, production income, education, farm size and prior knowledge about insurance purposes. Data were analyzed by Logit model and Chi–square test. The results showed that production income, age and experience of planting rapeseed had significant effect on insurance acceptance. Furtheremore, results of Chi–square test showed that among different groups of age, income, experience of planting rapeseed, education and prior knowledge of insurance purposes, significant difference were observed in terms of insurance acceptance and therefore tendency to decreas risk.

Background and Aims: Brucellosis is the most common worldwide zoonosis. Brucellosis is principally caused by Brucella abortus which leads to female reproductive failure and potential infertility in males. This study was done to investigate brucellosis epidemiology during 2011-2013 in Amol city.Materials and Methods: In this epidemiological study, data achieved from medical records of brucellosis patients in Amol Health Center during 2011-2013. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Chi-square was used for data analysis while statistical significance was defined as p<0.05.Results: During 2011-2013, 173 patients were reported. The highest number of brucellosis outbreaks observed in 2013. In this study 60.12% of samples were males and 39.88% were females; 68.21% were rural people and 31.79% were urban residents. The lowest disease occurrence observed in winter (15.59%) and the highest frequency observed in summer (30.62%). In terms of occupationally exposure highest morbidity frequency (32.94%) observed in housewives. A significant and meaningful relationships between gender and the job was found (P<0.05).Conclusion Disease incidence increased in the first 6 months of the year. Furthermore, the patients were mostly rural and men. This study revealed that brucellosis is prevalent in Amol city. Controlling and vaccination of sick animals would reduce the human cases.

Background and OBJECTIVE: G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency in human beings. Using fava beans, some drugs and oxidant agents cause life-threatening hemolysis in children and other ages. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency and its relation to age and family history. Methods: This cross sectional, descriptive and analytical study was performed on 732 persons. Students aged between 7-11 years old were randomly chosen by cluster sampling method. Data were analyzed by SPSS. For comparing enzyme deficiency between two sexes and the effect of family history, chi square test was used. FINDINGS: From 732 students, 295 were male and 437 were female. 11.2% of males and 1.4% of females were G6PD deficient that this difference was considered significant (p<0.0001). Children who have G6PD deficiency, history of G6PD deficiency among their family members was significantly more (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Due to high prevalence of G6PD deficiency as a threatening factor for public health in north of Iran, it is suggested cord blood G6PD screening be considered at birth especially in male neonates and the quality of primary health care and public information be increased by teaching.