Objective (s): Obesity is one of the primary risk factors in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The purpose of this study was to determine the anthropometric indices associated with CVD risk factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 991 men and 1188 women aged 15 to 64 years. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and percentage of body fat were measured. CVD risk factors, including fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol (Tchol), low-density (LDL-C) and high density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were assessed.Results: Using multiple regression analysis, BMI, WHtR and WHR explained the highest percentage of variation of triglycerides, Tchol/HDL-C ratio and LDL-C in men, respectively, whereas WHR explained the highest percentage of variation of triglycerides and WC explained the highest percentage of variation of Tchol/HDL-C ratio and LDL-C in women.Conclusion: The findings indicated that WHR and WHtR best predicted CVD risk factors in men and WHR and WC in women. Indeed the determined anthropometrics might be considered for predicting cardiovascular risk factors among Iranian urban populations.

Background: Central body fat is a better predictor than overall body fat for cardiovascular risk factors in both adults and children. Waist circumference has been used as a proxy measure of central body fat; and Waist-to-height ratio has been proposed as an alternative, conveniently age-independent measure of cardiovascular risk. The purpose of this research was to compared waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-stature ratio in predicting overweight / obese male students. Methods: Subjects were new entrants male students from Ferdowsi University of Mashhad with range of 18-22 years. Height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-stature ratio barefoot and with minimal clothing were measured. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test and ROC analysis. Results: Mean waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio in different groups of BMI was significant. Area under the curve for WC (p=0. 003) and WHtR (p=0. 013) had significant difference, but WHR was not significant (p=0. 335). Conclusion: WC and WHtR are better indices than WHR to detect in overweight and obesity; however WC is the index applicable for clinical practice because it is easier to measure than the other two indices and is low cost.

Background and Purpose: Proper selection and guidance of athletes is one of the benefits of talent identification that will lead to great savings in resource consumption. Individual differences are one of the most important indicators and play a significant role in this regard. Persian Medicine deals with physical, physiological and psychological differences with regard to the concept of temperament (Mizaj). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of temperament in physiological differences during a period of resistance training in non-athlete women. Materials and Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-course and post-course design with two experimental groups of cold temperament and warm temperament. The statistical populations in this study were young non-athlete women. Participants were divided into two groups of hot temperament (12 people) and cold temperament (12 people) by Salmannejad standard Mizaj questionnaire. Body composition indices were measured twice, both before and after resistance training. The exercise protocol targeted the pectoralis major, trapezius, abdominal muscles, and extensor and flexor thigh muscles. After collecting and entering the data in SPSS software (version 21), raw data was analyzed. Hypotheses were tested with a significance level of p≤, 0. 05. Results: The results showed significant between-group difference in muscle percentage in resistance training of young non-athlete warm-and cold-tempered women (p=0. 03). There was no significant difference between warm and cold groups in the waist to pelvic ratio groups in a period of resistance training of warmand cold-tempered young women (p=0. 13). There was a significant difference in fat percentage between the groups in a period of resistance training of warm-and cold-tempered young women (p=0. 04). Conclusion: In resistance activities, cold-tempered individuals have better physiological changes in the field of health than the warm-tempered. Therefore, temperament can be considered effective in health and professional sports practices.

Introduction: Nowadays, metabolic syndrome (MetS) has emerged as a major public health issue that endangered the lives of numerous individuals worldwide. Many previous studies have investigated the relationship between MetS and anthropometric indices. This study focused on investigating the relationship between anthropometric indices with alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 108 employed men and women with an age range of 28 to 53 years were selected as participants. Anthropometric indices, including height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), were recorded. The levels of ALT, AST and ALP enzymes were measured through fasting blood samples. The results were also analyzed using SPSS version 16 and Pearson's correlation coefficient test. Results: The results of the Pearson correlation test between anthropometric indices and liver enzymes indicated a significant positive correlation between BMI, WC, WHR and WHtR with the ALT (SGPT) enzyme (P < 0. 05). Furthermore, these results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between WHR and all three enzymes ALT, AST and ALP (P < 0. 05). A significant positive correlation was observed between WC and AST enzyme (P < 0. 05). Conclusion: The findings indicate that the WHR index is more effective in predicting the increase in ALT, AST and ALP enzymes in employed men and women.

Introduction: Increased fat in the body of one of the most common risk factors for major diseases and nutritional problems importantly, as an independent factor increasing the risk of mortality. Body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (%PBF) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) is also a tool for indicating weight status in adults as a simple indicator of body fat or obesity is used in public. Today, lack of exercise can cause many diseases in which people have been injured in the Chemical ventures the fear of respiratory problems and diseases associated with physical activity, less likely that this increase is associated with obesity.Purpose: Given the special circumstances of chemical ventures, this study aimed to evaluate body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (% PBF) and the waist to the waist to hip ratio (WHR) Chemical ventures of Razavi Khorasan, and the current state of health of the afrd about be investigated.Methods & Materials: This cross sectional study - were descriptive. Therefore, the 88 Chemical ventures of Razav i Khorasan with an average age of 28.8 ± 45.48 years, a group of veterans who were considered severe, were studied. About the composition of body weight, fat percentage, body mass index and waist- hip ratio, the subjects were assessed using the body composition (Body composition) analysis and output data were presented in specific forms of this device, using spss software was analyzed.Results: Mean body mass index, fat percentage and waist to hip ratio in all subjects, respectively, 4.10 ± 25.5, 7.1 ± 28.2, 5.14 ± 0.922 Moreover, body mass index, fat percentage and waist to hip ratio Thus, in 9 cases (10.2%), 0 (0%), 7 (7.95%) below normal in 29 patients (32.9%), 6 (2.38%), 35 (39.77%) in normal and 50 (56.8%), 82 (97.61%), 46 (52.27%) were in the very obese.Conclusion: This study showed high rates of obesity in veterans of the importance of these complications seem to excessive weight gain the adjusted body mass index, waist- hip ratio and percent body fat in certain groups should be considered department of Physical Education in the Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans of the physical activity and sports programs and special programs is recommended.

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity in the world is associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Since the most appropriate anthropometric indicators determining obesity to estimate CVD, especially in women, are not well known, the present study was conducted with aim to investigate the association of anthropometric indicators with cardiovascular risk factors in working women. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2024 on 46 working women with age range of 28-53 years in Kashmar city. Anthropometric indicators including height, weight, BMI, Waist Circumference (WC), Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR) and Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were measured. Triglyceride (Tg), total cholesterol (Tcho), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) values was measured as fasting through blood sampling in order to estimate cardiovascular risk factors including plasma atherogenic index (AIP), Castelli risk index I and II (CRI-I, CRI-II) and the atherogenic coefficient (AC). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 25) and Pearson's correlation coefficient test. P<0. 05 was considered significant. Results: The results of Pearson's correlation test to evaluate the relationship between anthropometric indicators and cardiovascular risk factors showed that there was a significant positive correlation between WC and WHR with all four cardiovascular risk indicators (P<0. 05). Also, there was a significant positive correlation between BMI and WHtR with CRI-I, CRI-II and AC (P<0. 05). No significant relationship was found between BMI and WHtR with AIP (P>0. 05). Conclusion: WHR and WC indices have a greater ability than BMI and WHtR to predict the risk of cardiovascular diseases in working women.

The present study the investigation of relationship between them, and physical activity among 30-55 year old women of tehran. A field of study of descriptive and co relational type, this study was completed over 443 women of age of 30-55 . In order to tally the cut - off points of the anthropometric indexes for subjects descriptive statistics (especially mean, median, percentile) were implemented pears on Correlation analysis was use to look at the relationships between the given indexes. And In order to investigate the relationship between the given indexes and physical activity, Pears on Correlation analysis was run. The results of analyses are as follows: - Significant relations were observed between physical activity and WHR,WC , BMI , WSR and %body fat. - The cut - off points of WHR, WC, BMI, WSR and % body fat were noticeably high among the 30-55 year old women of Tehran