Introduction:Obesity is a public health problem that has raised concern worldwide. Numerous epidemiological Studies have showed the relationship between excess weight, abdominal fatness and risk of a wide range of illnesses (i.e. diabetes), People who are obese experience health-related quality-of-life impairments. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the Comparison of Living Quality obese with normal weight women in Qazvin.Materials and Methods:A case-control study was performed on women of Qazvin who were obese and normal-weight. Total of 115 women with obesity and 114 controls (with normal-weight) were randomly selected. Obesity was determined based on BMI and SF-36 questionnaire using for quality of life. Data were analyzed using soft ware of SPSS and 95% confidence Interval.Results:The results showed that obese women were significantly more impaired than normal weight women in six of eight Domains: domains such as physical Functioning (p<0.001), physical Role limitation (p=0.01), bodily pain (p=0.05), general health perception (p=0.012), vitality (p=0.014), and social Functioning (p=0.045).Conclusion:Women with obesity had experienced poor levels of health, particularly poor levels of physical and social well-being.

Introduction: Depression is a mood disorder that is considered as a world epidemic problem. The prevalence of depression among women is twice of men. It accompanies some complications such as immobility and obesity. Literature shows women are at greater risk of obesity and consequent depression which both contribute in worsening women’s physical, emotional and health problems. Physical activities are ways to reduce depression. Conducing the present study which aimed to determine effect of physical activity on depression in obese women in Iran is therefore necessary.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted. 222 depressed and obese women, referred to healthcare centers located in zone 17 of Tehran for their healthcare issues were recruited to the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups of intervention and control after being diagnosed by Beck standard questionnaire. Intervention group had physical activities as study intervention. The effects of physical activities were assessed before and after the intervention in both groups. All statistics were computed by the SPSS software, using Pearson, Chi-square, Kolmogrov-Smirnov and Mann Whitney tests.Results: The study demonstrated that after exercise, 70.1% of samples had reached to normal level. Depression level of obese women in intervention and control groups were found to be significantly different (P=0.001, NNT=2).Conclusion: The study showed that doing exercise was effective in reducing the level of depression in women and the number of women in need of treatment and prevention of bad outcome was two persons. So the study recommends including excersice to daily plans of Iranian women. This is a key point for adding exercise program to Iranian women daily activity living. All organization who have health affairs need to consider the correlation between life style and mental health as part of mental health plans for the society in order to present the complication of depression.

Background and objectives: Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is a hormone secreted by adipocytes, and results in a decrease in food intake an increase in energy expenditure via hypothalamic interactions. In animal models, obesity can be caused by leptin deficiency or dysfunction of hypothalamic leptin receptor. The aim of this study was to examin the relation between serum leptin levels and body composition. Materials and Methods: In this study, we measured serum concentration of leptin in 51 normal weight subjects (BMI<25 kg/m2) and 50 obese subjects (BMI³25) by ELISA. BMI was defined as the weight in kilogram divided by the square of height in meters and body composition was determined by bioimpedance analyzer. Results: The mean (±SE) serum leptin concentrations were 17.5±0.81 ng per milliliter in obese subjects and 4.9±0.55 ng per milliliter in the normal weight women (p<0.0005). There were a strong positive correlation between serum leptin concentration and body fat mass (r=0.53) and BMI (r=0.41) in obese women and lean body mass was inversely related to leptin concentration in normal weight subjects (r=-0.28). Significant relation between leptin and WHR neither in obese nor in normal weight group was not observed. Conclusion: We conclude that circulating leptin raised continuously with increasing adiposity and body fat mass is the main predictor of serum leptin concentration.

Obesity is a heterogeneous chronic disorder that has many causes, although the basic cause is the imbalance between intake energy and energy consumption. The effects of obesity appear on a wide range of issues including interpersonal problems, mental disorders, suicide, and academic performance. The purpose of this study is to compare set-shifting and sustained attention in obese and normal weight elderly women. The method of this study, based on comparison of executive functioning in two groups, is causal-comparative and case-control type. Research sample consists of 100 obese and normal weight elderly women who were selected through targeted sampling method. The tools used in this study included Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Continuous Performance Test (CPT) of sustained attention. After the completion of the test sessions, the results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference between obese and normal weight women in terms of set-shifting and sustained attention. This means that obese elderly are more likely to suffer from executive functional impairment and weaker active memory. Implementing obesity prevention programs and promoting healthy lifestyles that prevent obesity can be a protective factor against such disorders, especially among the elderly.

Background: Obesity and sedentary lifestyle are known as important risk factors of coronary artery disease. The prevalence of obesity has increased among both men and women in the world. Therefore, the present study tried to evaluate the effectiveness of a cardiac rehabilitation program on functional capacity and body mass index (BMI) in obese and nonobese women with coronary artery disease.Methods: In an observational study during 2007-13, we evaluated a total of 205 women with coronary artery disease who referred to the cardiac rehabilitation unit of Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran. BMI and functional capacity of each patient were assessed before and after the program. The patients were categorized as obese or non-obese based on their BMI. All participants completed the full course of the program. Data was analyzed by independent t-test and paired t-test in SPSS 15.Findings: Our finding showed that an 8-week cardiac rehabilitation program had significant effects on functional capacity in obese and non-obese female patients (P<0.01 for both). The program also resulted in BMI improvements in both groups (P<0.01 for both). Comparing the changes in the two groups did not reveal any significant differences in functional capacity. However, the two groups were significantly different in terms of BMI changes.Conclusion: Cardiac rehabilitation programs are a major step in restoration of functional capacity and improvement of BMI in obese and non-obese women with coronary artery disease.

Visfatin is a newly discovered adipokine which is highly expressed in visceral adipose tissue that may induces changes in insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of acute endurance exercise on visfatin and insulin levels In obese women. The research is a Quasi-exprimental study that 10 obese women volunteers (age 37±9/89 y, weight 92.18±6.64, body mass index 35.95±4.9Kg/m2, fat percent 42.6±5.74% and waist-hip ratio 1.02±0.06) were chosen randomly and participated in a 30 minutes exercise program with 60-70%Vo2max on a treadmill. Serum glucose, insulin, and visfatin were measured before and immediately after exercise and 1 hour after the activity. Serum visfatin levels were measured by ELISA kit. insulin resistance index was calculated by using HOMA-IR model. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to determine base difference and the effect of activity type on blood parameters. The findings showed that Acute endurance exercise increased slightly serum visfatin (pre-test 12.64±3.85, post-test 18.61±15.55) and insulin (pre-test 14.21±4.24, post-test 22.43±14.49), immediately after exercise, but this increase did not show significant changes (visfatin, insulin). Also no significant change was seen in glucose and insulin resistance. plasma visfatin increases along with rising glucose concentration and plasma insulin after exercise, but this increase may be related to exercise intensity.

2Aim and Background The process of obesity is complex and many factors, including two key hormones, leptin and insulin are involved. The homeostatic role of insulin in energy stability is reduced by insulin resistance. It is possible that leptin and insulin have a regulatory role on each other, therefore, the present study investigated the relationship between BMI, leptin , insulin and insulin resistance. Materials and methods In this cross-sectional study, 140 women were examined in 2 equal groups with normal (18.5-24.9) or obese (≥ 30) BMI. After fasting for 10-12 hours, 10 cc of venous blood was taken from the subjects, Blood sugar was measured by glucose oxidase, insulin and leptin by ELISA method, and HOMA-IR index was calculated. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of leptin level, and there was a significant correlation between BMI and plasma leptin level of the studied subjects, r=0.07 and P<0.01. Also, there was a significant relationship between serum leptin and fasting insulin (r = 0.05 and P < 0.01. In terms of the HOMA-IR, a significant difference between the groups was observed which was higher in obese than in normal. Conclusion BMI is the main factor in regulating leptin levels. Probably the continuity of insulin and leptin levels is due to the determining role of BMI on both of them.