JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ORDER (ENTEZAM-E-EJTEMAEI)
Year:2021 | Volume:12 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Background and objectives: The social capital of the police, as the capacity and ability of the people to participate in the development of public order and security of society, is one of the new concepts that has gained an important role by shifting from the state-centered social security discourse to the community-based social security discourse. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social and cultural factors affecting the social capital of the police. Methodology: In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research type and in terms of its nature it is considered as quantitative which has been conducted using survey method. The statistical population included 18-65 years old citizens of Isfahan and the sample size was 384 based on Cochran's formula. The sampling method is multi-stage cluster with simple randomization. The measurement tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. For validity of questions related to variables, the content validity and collecting the opinions of experienced professors, experts and relevant specialists (face validity technique) were employed and to check the reliability, Cronbach's alpha was used. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical tests (Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test) using SPSS software. Findings: The results show that there is a direct (positive) relationship between social factors and social capital of the police with a value of 0. 580 and between cultural factors and social capital of the police with a value of 0. 563. There is also a relationship between gender, marital status, age and type of residence with the social capital of the police. Results: The social capital of the police can be considered as the result of an effective relationship between the community and the police and the existence of appropriate norms of cooperation with the police, which is rooted in trust in the police, partnership with the police and awareness of the police. Damage in any of these dimensions can have a devastating effect on the social capital of the police.

Background and objectives: The tendency to use drugs in the current situation of the world is a big problem that points to the susceptibility of people to their addiction and can be influenced by various factors and backgrounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of family communication pattern on the tendency to use drugs with a mediating role of self-efficacy among students. Methodology: In terms of its objectives this study is an applied research study and in terms of data collection procedure it is considered as a survey study which has been conducted using method a variety of correlation schemes and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study is all students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in the academic year 2019-2020 with a sample size of 347 individuals. The samples were selected using cluster sampling method. The communications model questionnaire, Luthans' Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and Weed's Addiction Admission Scale were employed. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 and LISREL software using causal modeling test and path analysis method. Findings: According to the results, there is a relationship between conversational orientation (-0. 52), compliance orientation (0. 59) and self-efficacy (0. 12) with the tendency to use substances (p <0. 05). Evaluation of the model with all fit indices in total showed acceptable and appropriate fit of the data with the model (RMSEA = 0. 07) and (CFI = 0. 92). In fact, the direct effect of conversational orientation and compliance orientation on substance use tendency is confirmed. Also, the indirect effect of conversational orientation and compliance orientation is confirmed through self-efficacy. Results: Since the family communication pattern has a direct effect on students' tendency to use drugs both directly and through self-efficacy variable, trying to improve students' self-efficacy and paying attention to family communication patterns will be effective in preventing and reducing students' tendency to use drugs.

Background and objectives: Violations and social harms are among the anomalies of human society. This study has determined, explained and prioritized the Quranic teachings and the validity of preventing violations and social harms. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to enumerate the effective components in preventing social violations based on the Holy Quran and Islamic traditions. Methodology: In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research and in terms of nature, it is considered as a descriptive-analytical research and in terms of approach it is considered as a mixed method research type. Also in the present study, the method of interpretive structural modeling was used. Therefore, the initial data was collected by referring to Quranic documents and the required concepts were extracted by content analysis method. By refining and classifying the concepts, a geometric diagram of the interaction of the components was drawn, and a matrix of influence power and dependence of the research components was presented. Findings: In this study, the variables of piety and self-control were in the influential zone, respectively, which shows the greatest effectiveness of these variables in preventing social violations. The variables of patience, justice and benevolence were in the linking zone due to their interrelationship with other variables. The variable of discipline was placed in the dependency zone, which indicates its minimum effectiveness and maximum influence in the research model. Results: According to the Qur'anic teachings and the narration of piety, self-control and internal competencies are the most important components that prevent the occurrence of violations in society, and ensure the observance of the rights of individuals in interpersonal interactions.

Background and objectives: The present study was designed to provide the results of an in-depth study on the re-socialization of criminals. Since the purpose of this punishment, in addition to society's reaction to acts of aggression, is the re-socialization of criminals, so the purpose of this study is to analyze the sociological narratives of re-socialization of prisoners working in vocational training and employment units in Tehran prisons. Methodology: In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type and in terms of implementation method it is considered as a landing approach and naturalistic. The study population consisted of prisoners working in the employment and vocational training centers of Tehran prisons. The research sampling method was purposeful and the theoretical saturation criterion was the basic criterion for sample selection. The data were collected using interviews and narrative analysis was used to analyze the data obtained from in-depth interviews. Findings: Findings from the summary of interviews show that prisoners consider the most important motivation for attending employment units as the avoidance of daily discipline in closed wards in order to use some privileges such as visits and convenient and accessible telephone as well as monthly leave to solve the concerns related to family livelihood. Results: Vocational training and employment programs for prisoners are always designed and implemented from the top down, while in order to re-socialize criminals, the reflection of prisoners' interests and job talents is ignored, which means that bottom-up planning will be more effective. Also, payment of wages and insurance in accordance with the labor law and ensuring the support of the government and support centers are very important in creating employment after release, in the quality of readmission of criminals present in prison education and vocational training programs.

Background and objectives: The characteristics of the cyber environment and, as a result, the increasing complexity of cybercrime have made the detection of these crimes time consuming and costly, therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the prevention of cybercrime. The purpose of this study is to determine the strategic factors affecting the prevention of cybercrime. Methodology: In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research type and in terms of the nature it is considered as a descriptive-survey study. The statistical population of this study consists of 15 I. R. I. Cyber-Police experts. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient method with a value of 0. 89 and the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by content method. Also, using fuzzy Delphi method, the data was collected from the experts in two stages and the most key ones were selected. Due to the nature of this research, fuzzy Delphi method and Excel and SPSS software were used to analyze the collected data. Findings: The findings of this study showed that the most important strategic factors affecting the prevention of cybercrime are 31 factors and 7 groups, including cultural factors, social factors, technical factors, positive factors, negative factors, internal, and external factors. Results: According to the results of research, culture and media production, family awareness, use of security tools by users, having specialized and trained personnel are among the effective and role-playing factors in the prevention of cybercrime that should be taken into considerations in the design and selection of appropriate strategic planning.

Background and objectives: Pornography is one of the most common crimes in cyberspace. One of the duties of the police in the community is to prevent this type of crime in the community, but in practice, this type of law enforcement prevention has faced obstacles. The purpose of this study is to identify barriers and law enforcement strategies to prevent pornographic crimes in cyberspace. Methodology: In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research, and in terms of its nature it is considered as an analytical study which has been conducted via qualitative method. The statistical population of the study included 20 managers and experts in the field of cyberspace. They were selected using purposive sampling method. To collect the data, the interview was used and the validity of the findings was confirmed by the experts (triangulation technique) and reliability was confirmed by accurately guiding the interview process, interpreting convergent interviews and experts' opinions. The content analysis method and MAXQDA software were used to analyze the data. Findings: Findings show that law enforcement barriers to the prevention of pornography in cyberspace have negative barriers, which consist of four themes: judicial challenge, legal challenge, executive challenge and challenge of resources and facilities, and a total of 34 organizing themes; the positive eliminating solutions also consist of four themes: removing legal barriers, creating judicial bases, empowering the executive, and allocating resources and facilities; they also consist of a total of 30 organizing themes. Results: If the necessary legal and judicial bases are provided for the police and the necessary facilities and resources are provided and the executive barriers of the police are reduced, the possibility of the police succeeding in preventing pornographic crimes will be very high. However, these platforms are generally outside the scope of police authority and are in the possession of the triplet forces, so the success of the police to prevent this crime in cyberspace to a large extent requires coordination and cooperation of external centers at the macro level, and in internal level to remove internal barriers.

Background and objectives: One way to increase the quality of psychosocial health and reduce the stresses of social and professional life is to help people grow and develop the skills needed to create a good life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of life skills teaching for prisoners. Methodology: In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type and in terms of data collection method it is considered as descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the study was 60 prisoners and 30 employees (senior managers and heads of departments) of Bushehr General Administration and Prisons who answered the questionnaire of "evaluating the effectiveness of life skills teaching" that was conducted over a period of 2 years. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics, including one-sample t-test, analysis of variance and independent group t-test were used. Findings: Findings showed that life skills teaching for prisoners based on Patrick model in the dimensions of positive reaction to life skills (t = 39. 478), increasing knowledge of life skills (t = 49. 505), improving the applicability of life skills (t = 36. 700), and achieving life skills goals (t = 33. 694) has been effective. There was also a significant difference between the views of male and female staff regarding the effectiveness of life skills teaching for prisoners (t = 2. 30), but there was no significant difference in terms of marital status (t = 0. 933). Based on the results of analysis of variance, there was a significant difference between employees' views on the effectiveness of these teachings in terms of education (F = 2. 951), but in terms of employment status (F = 0. 017) and work experience (F = 0. 214). ), no significant difference was observed. Results: Participating in life skills teaching for prisoners has been effective in responding positively to life skills, increasing knowledge of life skills, improving the applicability of life skills to reduce abnormal and high-risk behaviors, and achieving life skills goals.