Journal of Research and Health
Year:2016 | Volume:6 | Issue:4|Papers Count:11

Dear Chief in Editor: Earth's ecosystem has been active for millions of years without particular problems and may lead the development of variety of animal species around the world. The planet has become the suitable host for life because of climate variability and kind of water distribution in it. But man saved it by over nature. Conditions and balance of the Earth's environment were disrupted by concurrent with entering into the age of technology, human power and industrial communities at the same time [1]...

Nowadays, using rail vehicles like metro is necessary for transportation in megacities and metropolises. In this descriptive-analytical study, whole body vibration was evaluated by two methods including basic evaluation and the recommended dose of vibration proposed based on ISO 2631-1 standard. In the present study measurements were performed over 13000 seconds in usual daily working hours by using SVAN 958 apparatus manufactured by Svantek Company, while the wagons were in motion at average speed. Tri-axial effective acceleration values were determined on the passengers contact surfaces and on the wagon seats in the different lines of Tehran metro. The results of evaluation based on the basic method showed that evaluated levels for 60 and 150 minutes of exposure calculated by an equation with higher safety according to ISO standard showed that all of samples except one were in the Health Guide Critical Zone (HGCZ). Based on Vibration Dose Value (VDV) method, except for two cases in each group of the exposure periods which were in the HGCZ of ISO, all the other cases had low risk levels of exposure. The findings of both the methods indicated that, different evaluation methods may gain different outcomes. It seems that the recommended safety levels in VDV method seriously need to be corrected. In addition, considering average exposure levels gained in this study, it is recommended to apply appropriate control measures for declining exposure amount of passengers.

Different factors such as family and personality are related to suicidal attempt which play as protective role and risk factors. The present study aimed to investigate the differences between personality traits and family functions of suicide attempters who used and didn’t use mental health services. In this cross sectional case (non-user) -control (user) study, 100 suicide attempters (36 male and 64 female) in the age range of 18 to 60 years who had at least once referred to the Poison Center, were selected by convenience sampling that were evaluated by using the NEO Five factor inventory, family assessment device and barriers for using of health services inventory. Independent t-test and chi square were used to analyze the data. Results showed that in the 5 data collection period 43% of the suicidal patients didn’t referred to psychiatrist or psychologist before suicidal attempt and 57% have used professional services. Although there were no significant differences between two groups in demographic factors but personality traits and family structure is different between the two groups.. Patients who didn’t meet psychiatrist were more introvert and neurotic; also, they had a pathologic family structure in communication, roles, affective involvement and overall family function. In order to make more use of mental health services, it should be focused on training and treatment plans about importance of emotion and appropriate emotional response for families with psychological and psychiatric patients.

In the industrial age, many people are faced with stress. Religion and spirituality can be effective in reducing stress. The aim of this study was to do relationship between religious attitudes and spiritual intelligence and anxious among medical students. The research method was structural equation model. The purpose of this study is applied design. The population was 1, 232 medical students.290 students were selected by multistep random sampling method. The research instruments were Khodayari' sreligious attitudes questionnaire, Abdollahzadeh et al.'s spiritual intelligence questionnaire and Speilberger's state/trait anxiety questionnaire. There is negative relationship between religious attitudes and anxiety. There is negative relationship between spiritual intelligence (understanding and communication with the source of life) with anxiety. Regression analysis showed that understanding and communication with the source of life, worship, behavior and human life, social issues and worldviews and beliefs predict students' anxiety. The results of path analysis showed that understanding and communication with the source of existence, worship, worldviews, ideologies and social issues of human life through changing behavior and effect on students' anxiety indirectly but human life and behavior has directly effect on students' anxiety. On the other hand, understand and communicate with the source of life and social issues through the sacrifice of human life and behavior can have indirect effect but worship can have direct effect on human life and behavior. The findings of this study emphasized on the use of religious attitude and spiritual intelligence in students' anxiety.

Mindfulness parenting involves parents be able to pay attention to their adolescent and their own reactions to statements and behaviors of adolescents without judgmental attitude. It is also expected that parents who have greater mindfulness in their interpersonal interactions with their adolescent also children would be more likely to exhibit discipline practices which are accordance to cultural norms for effective discipline. The study aimed to evaluate Mindfulness-based parenting training on interpersonal mindfulness among mothers of adolescent girls. The study population was all of mothers of high school adolescent girls in Tehran city. Participants were selected by using multistage cluster sampling method that 50 mothers were selected randomly. They were placed into the experimental group (N=25) and control group (N=25), also they completed questionnaire of Interpersonal Mindfulness interpersonal mindfulness in parenting scale (IEM-P) before and immediately after 8-weeks training. After intervention, covariance analysis indicated significant difference between the experimental and the control groups in Interpersonal Mindfulness. The results showed that mindfulness parenting had significant effect in increasing interpersonal mindfulness in mothers of experimental group. Interpersonal Mindfulness score mean improved from 29.16 to 32.72 in the experimental group and 0.39 of variance of individual differences in mother’s interpersonal mindfulness related to mindfulness parenting training. The results showed that mindfulness-based parenting training was effective on interpersonal mindfulness in mothers of adolescent girls.

Childhood abuse has direct effect on body image So that the body image affects the some aspects of psychological which has a direct relationship with sexual satisfaction also has effect on sexual satisfaction indirectly The purpose of this research was to study childhood dimensions with self-body image and sexual satisfaction. This research is conducted as correlation descriptive study. A sample of 200 married people were selected in entertainment places and shopping centers by convenience method and the data were gathered by child abuse self-report scale, multidimensional body and self-relation questionnaire and Larson sexual satisfaction questionnaire. Multiple regression and correlation matrix were used to analyze data. The highest abuse was reported for negligence and the lowest about sexual abuse. According to the research findings there was significant negative relationship between abuse and sexual satisfaction and also appearance investment, physical health investment illness investment, body satisfaction and weight self-categorize. Emotional abuse subscale and negligence can predict sexual satisfaction, physical capability evaluation, body satisfaction, illness investment and self-categorize. The results showed that each dimension abuse can lead to incomplete body image and sexual dissatisfaction in adulthood.

Attachment styles are considered as an important predictor of marital issues. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of attachment styles in marital disillusionment and attitude toward infidelity. The research method was correlation. 188 teachers were selected based on measurement scale and research hypothesis by multistage cluster sampling among married teachers. Measures of adult attachment styles (Hazan & Shaver), marital disillusionment scale (Niehuis & Bartell) and attitudes toward infidelity scale (Whatley) were used. The results showed that secure attachment style and ambivalent attachment predict significant effect on marital disillusionment, but avoidant attachment doesn’t predict significant effect on marital disillusionment. Only avoidant attachment style have significant predictive effect on attitudes toward infidelity and also secure attachment and ambivalent doesn’t have significant predictive effect attitudes toward infidelity. Attachment styles influence an important part of the marital relationships. Thus, the role of secure and ambivalent attachment styles in marital disillusionment and avoidant attachment roles in infidelity should be taken deeper consider by researchers.

As a main basis of health, the mental health is required for a good, efficient, and satisfactory personal life. The aim of this study was to compare the mental health and its subscales between elderly men in athletic, active, and sedentary groups. Therefore, we examined 150 elderly men in three groups of athletes, active, and sedentary and proceeded to complete the questionnaires. We administered the general health questionnaire-28. Also, to assign aging participants in two groups of active and sedentary, we used the Yale physical activity questionnaire and Baecke's questionnaire. The athletes aged group was separately selected from the veteran’s soccer teams over 60 years. The results of this study revealed that there was a significant difference between three groups in physical activity levels, mental health, and two sub-scales of mental health including depression symptoms, and social function. Also, there was a significant difference between active and sedentary groups and between athletic and sedentary groups in physical symptoms, as well as anxiety and sleep disorder subscales. However the difference was not significant between the athletic and active groups. These results suggest that adapted physical activity programs to the structural and psychological characteristics of elderly men can improve their mental health and lifestyle as much as their physical health.

Family is the most important pillar of a society, whose stability requires the couples’ commitment to each other. Difficulties and disagreements in married life are natural and how to resolve these conflicts can cause either stability or instability of the couples’ life. This descriptive-correlational study was conducted to investigate the predictive role of conflict resolution styles in marital commitment. The population included all married staff working in Farabi hospital in Tehran. Among all, 221 participants were selected through random sampling method based on the sample size formula. To collect data, the marital commitment questionnaire and the Rahim organizational conflict inventory-B were used. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the constructive and non-constructive conflict resolution styles and the marital commitment and conflict resolution styles predict about 14% of changes in marital commitment that is statistically significant. By teaching the conflict resolution styles to couples, we can indirectly increase their marital commitment in addition to helping them solve their conflicts.

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women that creates stress in physical, mental, and spiritual aspects of patients’ life. Adjustment consequences for these patients may lead to posttraumatic growth. Given the impacts of spirituality on posttraumatic growth, the present study aimed to examine the role of religious coping in predicting posttraumatic growth among patients with breast cancer. This was a descriptive-correlational study. The study population included all 121 participants with breast cancer who referred to treatment centers. The sample consisted of 121 patients whom were selected through convenience sampling method. Variables were evaluated using religious coping style and the posttraumatic growth inventory. Findings indicated that dimensions of active religious activities, benevolent evaluation, and religious activities (dimensions of positive religious coping) were positively correlated with posttraumatic growth and these relationships were significant at the 0.99 confidence level. The results of regression analysis, conducted to predict posttraumatic growth, demonstrated that in the first step, benevolent evaluation (0.39) predicted the posttraumatic growth. Thus according to the results, benevolent evaluation can predict posttraumatic growth (Beta=0.63). Based on the study findings, it is recommended to pay attention to positive religious coping as a strategy to achieve posttraumatic growth in patients with cancer.

Community participation, as one of the basic components of sustainable development in a community. This study aimed to determine patterns of community participation, identify factors associated with their social and civic engagement, and examine the relation between the factors and community engagement patterns. Patterns of citizen participation were determined in social and civic engagements. Data were gathered via a valid and reliable questionnaire. A total of 286 fulfilled questionnaires were analyzed. The results showed that women significantly visited their neighbors more than men, while men went to restaurant/cafe more than women. Among high-level participating people, there were significant associations between the respondents' participation in social group activities and sex, age group, marital status, and level of education as well as between the group with mix activity and level of education. In general, people more participated in social than civic activities. To promoting community participation, attention to more engagement of individuals in group activities (social and civic) would be effective.