To investigate the effect of application of bio-fertilizer (Barvar-2) and possibility of replacement with phosphorus chemical fertilizer a factorial experiment performed based on completely randomized block design with three replication in Agricultural station of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz during 2014. Experimental treatments consisted of phosphorus biological fertilizer in two levels (without and application of Barvar-2) and chemical fertilizer in three levels: 0, 50 and 100% of recommended dose according to soil analysis (equal 75 kg. ha-1). The results showed that the two phosphorus fertilizer levels were same increase on grain yield and this trait and increased about 34 and 33. 1 as compared to control respectively. Level of 50% of phosphorus chemical fertilizer via increase of grain number in bush and 100% grain weight caused increase in grain yield. While in comparison level of 100% phosphorus chemical fertilizer only with increase in number of grains were increased grain yield. The amount of increase in grain number in bush under 50 and 100% of phosphorus chemical fertilizer was 18. 7 and 31. 2% respectively. The 100-grain weight of lentil increase 17% with application of 50% phosphorus chemical fertilizer. For traits: Leaf area index, Chlorophyll index and Dry weight of leaf were not significantly different between 50 and 100% of phosphorus chemical fertilizer. Application of biofertilizer had the significant effect in grain yield of lentil. Application of Barvar-2 had 18. 2% increases in grain yield of lentil in comparison with control. Increase in grain yield under effect of bio-fertilizer application only in relation to increase in grain number in bush and 100-grain weight not affected. With regard to these results, it can be said that application of 50% phosphorus chemical fertilizer with Barvar-2 had optimum amount in grain yield of lentil and that suggested for this region.

Organic and commercial phosphorus fertilizers are used in today's agriculture to maintain a high level production of agricultural crops, while in most watersheds controlling of phosphorus is a very important issue. Because of the contribution of phosphorus to water quality deterioration, the environmental scientists are very concerned about the increasing of phosphorus concentration in standing waters. The blossom of the algae and other aquatic plants is related to different nutrient concentration e.g. phosphorus in their media, however, the role of phosphorus as a key element in eutrophication of the surface water and lakes is well documented. Four soil groups and sediment samples from the St. Esprit watershed of Quebec, Canada were amended with 50, 100, and 500 mg P kg-1soil as KH2PO4.The relationship between water-extractable P, WEP, (soluble phosphorus) and available P, MHШ, (Mehlich #3) was determined for water-soil ratios of 100:1, 200:1, and 500:1. Soluble P for these water-soil ratios were measured by method of Murphy and Riley after 4 hours shaking. The 4 hours shaking of the samples were based on the laboratory experience that more than 90% of the water-extracted phosphorus was released after 3 hours shaking for all the samples. Therefore, the shaking time for release of soluble P was set at 4 hours. Mehlich#3 extractable P was also determined in soil and sediment samples. There was a linear relationship (linear isotherm) between the logarithm of soluble and Mehlich#3 extractable P at different water:soil ratios for all soil and sediment samples from the watershed. Therefore, the equation of these isotherms could be used in mathematical models such as ANSWERS, an event based model, for prediction of soluble P transport from this watershed.

Advanced compact wastewater treatment processes are being looked for by cities all over the world as effluent standards are becoming more stringent and land available for treatment plants more scarce. In this investigation, a new biofilm process for this purpose was studied. The design and operational criteria of a full scale extended aeration activated sludge system was compared with an H-IFAS reactor which has been operated at a pilot scale. The objective was to define the feasibility of using the H-IFAS (Hybrid Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge) reactor for upgrading the existing wastewater treatment plants with conventional processes. The results showed that besides the considerable difference between the organic loading of the two processes, H-IFAS reactor has a very good capability to reduce simultaneously the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus. Organic degradation rate in extended aeration and H-IFAS systems were 0.3 and 6.22 kgCOD/m3. day at 23.48°C, respectively. Nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal rate for the H-IFAS reactor were 343.28 g N/m3.day, 338.17 gN/m3.day, and 204.78gPO4-P/m3.day, respectively. At the same conditions, these criteria for extended aeration activated sludge processes were obtained as 75gN/m3.day, 28.5 gN/m3.day and 7 gPO4-P/m3.day), respectively.

Several physical, chemical, biological methods and combination of them are used for domestic wastewater nitrogen and phosphrous removal. In this study, subsurface horizontal constructed wetland with length of 13-6 m, width of 10 m and depth of 0.55 m with Phargmites australis is used. Soil porosity was 40 percent. The system irrigated with domestic wastewater. The wastewater COD, TN, TKN and PO4 concentration was 300, 45-57 and 45-92 mg /l respectively. Hydraulic loading increased from 5 cm / day to 7.2 cm /d while detention time decreased from 4.2 days to 3 days. Removal percent of COD, TN, TKN and PO4 = at hydraulic loading equal to 5 cm / d and detention time of 4.2 days was 90, 83, 94 and 92 percent respectively. The study also indicates that removal percent of COD / TN / TKN and PO4 = at loading of 7.2 cm/day was 93, 8, 86 and 73 respectively.

Introduction: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are used in treating pathologic conditions such as fever, pain and inflammation by inhibiting cyclooxygenase and consequently prostaglandin production. Recently , the discovery of different isoforms of this enzyme, Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and Cyclooxygense-2 (COX-2), has led to the synthesis and introduction of novel drugs with selective inhibitory effect on COX-2, the isoform produced in pathologic conditions (celecoxib in 1997 and rofecoxib in 1999). This study was carried out to design and synthesize two novel celecoxib derivatives with potential selective COX-2 inhibitory activity. Method: The derivatives were designed according to the Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) data of selective COX-2 inhibitors. The condensation reaction of 4-hydrazinobenzoic acid and 4,4,4-triflouro-1-p-tolylbutane-1,3-dione led to the formation of 4-(5-p-tolyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzoic acid [8]. The carboxyl group of this acid was reduced to hydroxyl and then converted to chloride by freshly distilled thyonyl chloride. Successive reaction of chloride derivative with sodium sulfite, phosphrous pentachloride and ammonia led to the formation of sulfonamide derivative and reaction of it with sodium azide led to the azide analogue. Results: About 4 grams of each derivative has been synthesized (total yield 60-70%) and their chemical structures have been verified using appropriate spectroscopic methods. Conclusion: In this study, two novel celecoxib analogues with a methylene bridge distance between sulfonamide and azide functional groups and the rest of the molecule were designed and synthesized according to the SAR data of selective COX-2 inhibitors. This methylene group brings the pharmacophoric sulfonamide and azide functional groups closer to the binding site and leads to better binding. Furthermore, this methylene group provides free rotation to pharmacophore to attain appropriate conformation for better binding. Hopefully, pharmacological evaluation of derivatives, which is currently in progress, will confirm these assumptions.