Considering the effect of implementing official macro-policies, this study analyzes the fair implementation of civil service law in the area of human resources. The data collection was done through note-taking at the qualitative level, and questionnaire at the quantitative level. The content analysis of the data considering the implementation of the civil service law resulted in a model including 3 main dimensions, 8 subcategories of process (employment, teaching and improvement, service compensation), structure (strategy and policy, structure, sources and infrastructures), and background factors (government, law-makers, social, cultural, and economics factors), 29 elements, and 108 indexes after employing the Delphi Fuzzy with 11 experts in the area of civil service law. The findings indicated that the variables of depoliticization of the performance environment, communication and freedom of practice, qualification, the means of implementing policies, infrastructures, comprehensiveness, coherence and quality, budget, financial support, legal employment, improving staff, financial resources, support, supervision, technical organization and executive guarantee are some of the main weaknesses (upper-significance and lower performance).

Traditionally, policymaking has been a logical, linear, and sequential mechanism that involves problem description, policy formulation, decision making, policy execution, and policy evaluation. However, some problems are unresolved and complicated, and cannot be solved by rational methods because they often have unintended consequences. Development thinking requires a human-centric, participatory, and iterative approach to problem-solving. This approach stresses the importance of early participation and is perfect for identifying wicked or complex problems. Technology thinking was essential for product creation and used in policymaking today as a policy innovation. This method has a five-step process, including empathy, description, ideation, prototype, testing. In this paper, COVID-19 is introduced as a multidimensional problem. It recommends the approach of design thinking to tackle this problem and then contrasts the macropolicies adopted by the National Task Force for Coronavirus Combat with the design thinking process measures.

Background and Aim: For achievement of equity in the population health the implementation of health in all policies is essential. The most crucial intervention in this approach is inter-sectoral collaboration. Materials and Methods: This was a qualitative study based on the national policy framework. Data were collected using literature review, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with the stakeholders. The results were categorized into three sections, namely, situational analysis and factors affecting it, developing goals and objectives, and requirements and interventions. Results: Currently inter-sectoral collaboration in the Iranian health system potentially allows to have health in all policies policy in terms of explicit legislative support, national macropolicies/ upstream documents and organizational structure. It will require proper planning as regards designing and institutionalizing appropriate mechanisms for collaboration, as well as cultural and skills capacity building, for stakeholders within and outside the health sector. Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used in annual operational planning of the High Council of Health and Food Security secretariat.

Scientific leadership is one of the country's macropolicies and main approaches in science and technology. This concept can be used in different dimensions such as education and research, technology, health and treatment, etc., and the examination and analysis of each of these aspects will clarify different aspects of this issue. The aim of the current research is to calculate the indicators, requirements and solutions for the realization of scientific leadership in the field of health and treatment of the country and to provide a model for it. The research method is applied-developmental in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data collection, and in order to achieve the purpose of the research, the theme network method and theme analysis were used. The research data was collected through the analysis and review of the comprehensive scientific map of the country's health and conducting interviews in the form of specialized meetings with 13 experts in the country's health field. The results of this study show that indicators related to scientific growth, acceptance of foreign patients and students, achievement of global standards, scientific visibility and national and international networking, technology and the market of products and services can be used to measure the realization of scientific leadership in the field of health and used treatment Also, prioritization and program-oriented, capable and elite human resources, inter-institutional coordination, infrastructures and financing were identified as requirements for realizing scientific leadership in the field of health and treatment, and among the solutions for realizing scientific leadership in this field, national and international discourse creation and promotion, The freedom of action and independence of universities is the promotion of scientific diplomacy and the support of human capital.

Integrated simulation of water resources systems is an efficient tool to evaluate and adopt various options in macropolicies and decision-making procedures that are in line with the sustainable development of drainage basins. One of the drainage basin management policies is to enhance the efficiency of agricultural land use. Considering the complicated function of the drainage basin elements and their interaction with each other due to water discharge fluctuations caused by various factors such as climate change, the evaluation of these policies is of great importance. Given the low irrigation efficiency in Iran, the present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of management scenarios (including long-term irrigation efficiency increased up to 20% with 5% intervals) and discharge fluctuation scenarios (including 5% and 10% decrease in the average basin inflows) on the reliability and vulnerability of water resources system in Dez Basin. The integrated scenarios were simulated in the WEAP model. The scenarios were separately simulated for the Dez irrigation network and all farmlands across Dez Basin. According to the results, reliability was decreased by 5. 69 and 18. 89% in the scenarios with 5% and 10% decrease in the average basin inflows, respectively. Furthermore, the irrigation efficiency of 20% in the scenario considering the current inflows ended up with the reliability of 73. 58%. Moreover, in the scenario involving 5% decrease in the average basin inflows, the reliability was increased by 3. 8% with an increasing efficiency of 20%; with 3. 8% and 5. 7%, there was an increasing efficiency of 15% and 20% in all farmlands, respectively. In the scenario consisting of 10% decrease in average basin inflows, the reliability was increased by 1. 91%, 3. 8%, and 5. 7% with the increasing efficiency of 10%, 15%, and 20%; on the other hand, with, these were 3. 8% 9. 46%, and 13. 2% with increasing efficiency in all farmlands, respectively. In all scenarios, the vulnerability was found to fluctuate between 25% and 31%, which was systematically analyzed.