According to the recorded data and the present study, on the whole 454 species belonging to 246 genera and 62 families are known in Borujerd geographical area. Dicotyledon plants with 395 species, Monocotyledones with 55 species and Gymnospermes with 2 species form the flora of Borujerd. 26 species of Dicotyledones are Apetales, 242 species are Dialypetales and 127 species are Gamopetales. The richnest families are Fabaceae (76 species), Asteraceae (56 species), Brassicaceae (55 species), Lamiaceae (24 species) and Poaceae (22 species). The Various genera which are found in Borujerd are as follow: Astragalus (27 species), Euphorbia (12 species), Alyssum (10 species) and Centaurea (9 species). The lowest percentage of the growth form belongs to the tree and shrub species (23 species) and aquatic plants (9 species) in the region. 14 species of the tree and shrub species are Dialypetales, 4 species are Apetales, 3 species are Gamopetales and 2 species are Gymnospermes. From all species which exist in Iran, only 1812 species are endemic in Iran and according to the present study 7 species are endemic in Borujerd region.

The present study was conducted for the first time with the aim of identifying the flora, determining the biological forms and geographical distribution of plant species in the pasture section of Tutkabon-Damash watershed. In order to study floristics, the plant species were collected around during 1399-1400 and identified by the available plant identification guides.159 plant species belonging to 104 genera and 36 families were identified. In terms of the number of species, Poaceae with 30 species, Asteraceae with 16 species, Fabaceae with 15 species and Brassicaceae with 9 species were the richest. Classification of plants based on life form showed that the most life form is related to hemicryptophytes with 83 species (52.83%), followed by geophytes and therophytes each with 30 species (20.75%). From the chorological point of view, we determined that the largest proportion of the flora belongs to the Pluriregional elements (20.75%), followed by Europe-Siberian (18.86%), Europe-Siberian, Iranian-Turanian, Mediterranean (14.46%), Iranian-Turanian and Europe-Siberian , Iranian-Turanian (11.94%), cosmopolitan (9.43%), European-Siberian, Mediterranean (8.17%), Iranian-Turanian, Mediterranean (4.4%). The protection status of the plant species showed the presence of two rare and endangered species Lilium ledebori, Fritillaria kotschyana also d the vulnerable species Convolvulus cantabrica. The rich biodiversity and the presence of species with high genetic value reveal the need to protect and manage this natural habitat.

Bisotun Protected area, a mountainous region, covers an area of 82100 hectares that includes an area of 31250 hectare wildlife refuge and protected area with an area of 50850 hectares.The Area is located in the Zagros Mountains, Mid-Western side of Iran, Kermanshah province. This area due to range of altitude, physiographic factors, micro-climates and different soil types has several ecological small niches that are occupied by different plants. A total of 375 taxa, including 50 families and 220 genera have been identified from the area. Of these two families include two genera and three species belonging to Pteridophytes, 48 families (43 dicotyledones and five monocotyledones) belong to flowering plants. The most important plant families were Asteraceae, Poaceae, Papilionaceae, Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Lamiaceae respectively. The genusAstragalus constitutes the largest genus in the area. Therophytes had the highest frequency and follow them, Hemicryptophytes, Geophytes, Chamaephytes and Phanerophytes respectively. The elements of Irano-Turanian region constitute more than 63% of plants that represent area belongs to this phytogeographical region as well as the sector of Kurdo-Zagrosian. After the plants of Irano -Turanian region, bi and plurregional plant elements have the most frequencies. Endemic species make up 9.33% of the region's flora. The discovery of new speciesAstragalus ciceropsis, A. montis-parrowii and Onosma bisotunensis and new recorded Crucianella macrostachyafrom the protected area in recent years shows a previously unknown flora and its plant richness.

In lichens growing investigation of Khorasan province, some of existing specimens in six regions were collected. Then morphological, anatomical and chemical studies were done on the collected specimens. On the basis of results four lichen species of four genera belong to four families, were identified. Two new species of Iran and also two new species of Khorasan are recorded for the first time.

The aim of this research was plant identification, introduction to the flora, determination of life forms and geographical distribution in Khargushan Mountain. This Mountain, with 6000 hectares, situated on the east of Poldokhtar and south-west of Khorramabad. The maximum altitude of this mountain is thought 2329 m. Plant specimens were collected from different parts of the area during two growing seasons 2013-2014. The plant biological spectrum of the area was plotted by means of life forms results. The position of the area within Iran’s phytogeography classification was studied based on geographical distribution data and references. From 211 identified species in the studied area, 3 Pteridophytes, 1 Gymnosperm, 176 dicotyledons and 31 monocotyledons were presented.These species belong to 50 families and 150 genera. The important families are Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Apiaceae and Lamiaceae with 12.79%, 10.42%, 8.05% and 7.58%, respectively. Life forms of the plant species include Therophytes 36.49%, Hemicryptophytes 31.28%, Cryptophytes 18.96%, Phanerophytes 8.06%, and Chamaephytes 5.21%.138 species (65.4%) were endemics of Irano-Turanian region; 32 species of them were endemics of Iran which among them, distribution of 4 species (Astragalus lurorum, Dionysia gaubae, Hedysarum gypsophilum and Phlomis lurestanica) limited to Lorestan province.

Amirkelayeh Protected Area is situated in the north of Lahijan and 28 km to the northwest of Langerud, it covers an area of 1230 hectars. A contribution to the flora, life form and geographical features of the lagoon is given. In this lagoon a total of 85 species and subspecific taxa including 3 charophyta, 5 pteridophyta, 41 dicotyledonae and 36 monocotyledonae were identified. They belong to 45 families and 70 genera. The following families have the highest number of species: Cyperaceae, Poaceae, Ranunculaceae, Lemnaceae and Potamogetonaceae. 53 species (63.1%) are cosmopolitan; it means that they are distributed in the some different regions. The distribution of 22 species is limited to north of Iran. Also, 5 species are mainly distributed in the north and sparsely in the northwest of Iran. Geophyte with 40 species (48.8%) is the most frequent life form of the Protected Area.

Ghameshloo Wildlife Refuge, that has been protected since 1975, is situated in 45 km. northwest of Esfahan (in central Iran). This area is one of the important habitat for Esfahan wild sheep race (Ovis orientalis Gmelin subsp. isphahanica Nasonov). The area covers a surface of ca 50,000 hectars with an elevation ranges between 1800 meter to 2654 meter above sea level. The climate of the area is generally cold and dry in winter and hot and dry in summer. In present work, for the first time, the floristic compositions of the area has studied. The results showed that 497 species belonging to 266 genera and 57 families of vascular plants are grown in this area, among which, the family Asteraceae with 80 species and the genus Astragalus with 37 species are known as the largest family and the largest genus respectively. Furthermore, the plant life form spectrum snowed that these plants consists of 52% hemicryptophytes, 26% therophytes, 11% chamaeophytes, 9% geophytes, and 2% nanophanerophytes. The dominance of hemicryptophytes indicates the harsh and difficult environmental conditions in this area.

Zangelanlo watershed is located in Northeast of Iran, 28 km of Southeast of Daregaz between 37o13' to 37o27' north latitude and 59o8' to 59o35' east longitude. The surface area of the region is approximately 2482 ha. This area is mountainous with mean annual precipitation of about 412.7 mm. The mean maximum temperature is 20.8oC in August and minimum temperature is -9oC in January. The flora of the area was studied and life forms and chorotypes of the plants were identified. In this research, 64 families, 238 genera and 286 species were identified among which 8 species were endemic to Iran. The largest plant family was Asteraceae with 40 genera and 51 species and the largest genus was Astragalus of Fabaceae with 7 species. Hemicryptophytes, therophytes and cryptophytes were the most frequent life forms 114 species (39.87%), 89 species (31.12%) and 44 species (15.38%), respectively. High percentage of Hemicryptophytes indicated that the area had a cold mountain climate. Irano –Turanian plants were the most frequent chorotype of the area with 146 species (51.05%).

The aim of this research was to identify the plant species, introducing the flora, determination of life forms, and geographical distribution of Shahbaz Mountain. Shahbaz Mountain, with 3420 m altitude (above sea level), is covers an area of 2255 hectares situated in Shazand city where the amount of annual precipitation is 380 mm and means annual temperature is 10.5 °C. Plant samples were collected from different parts of the area between 2700-3400 m during two growing seasons 2008-2009. The biological spectrum of the area was plotted by means of lifeforms results. The position of the area within Iran’s phytogeography classification was studied based on geographical distribution data and references. From 113 identified species, 90 dicotyledons and 23 monocotyledons were identified. These species belong to 23 families and 82 genera. The important families are Lamiaceae, Liliaceae, Asteraceae and Brassicaceae with 13.27%, 10.61%, 10.61% and 9.73%, respectively. Hemicryptophytes with 61 species (53.99%) were the most frequent life form.92 species (81.42%) were endemics of Irano-Turanian region; 17 species of them were endemics of Iran.