Problem statement: Each of the carpets of different regions of Iran can carry a message, concept, or symbol behind their patterns, the discovery of which will accentuate understanding the authenticity and providee the historical, cultural, and ritual values of Iranian rug designs. The carpets woven in Markazi province are among the prominent carpets of Iran; one of the authentic carpets of this province is “ Farahan Sun Medallion” rug, to which little attention has been paid. Research objectives: The primary purpose of this study, which is of a qualitative and descriptive-analytical type, is to analyze the Sun symbols in this carpet, to discover the conceptual relationship and its special connection with the holiness of the Sun, as well as to introduce Farahan Sun medallion rugs. Research method: To search this connection, by reviewing the cultural-historical background of the place of this carpet, namely the ancient county of Farahan, the importance of the Sun in the past rituals and culture of this land was taken into account. Then, the samples purposefully collected from library and the Internet documents, based on the structure and elements of the visual index, were divided into three categories: main, vase-pattern and Vagirei (recurring patterns). Conclusion: In quest of Sun motifs in these three categories, elements such as the three-branched flower tree, the lady Sun, the lotus, the geometric Sun flower, etc. can be realized, which are classified as human, animal, plant and abstract. Finally, due to the multiplicity and variety of the usage of Sun motifs in this type carpet and its conceptual connection with the Sun, the patterns of this carpet can indicate the holiness of the Sun in the history of this area as well as other regions of Iran and the manifestation of this concept on Farahan Sun medallion rugs.

In this article, holy manifestations of Sun,as the symbols of Godhead,have been taken into accunt,in three masterpieces of poetical literature: Ferdowis Shahnameh, Nizamis Khamseh, Atars Mantegh-Al,. Teyr,and at the same time,the various faces of Sun holiness have been compared with myth of Iran with those of India, China, Egypt, Greece,...,and also with some religions of before Islam. The items discussed in this article are: Survey of Sun as a symbol of Godhead, the charismatic Sun,the structural similarity of Sun and Simurggh, particularly in Mantegh-Al- Teyr. The process of ritual death of soul, and to die before corporeal death, by inspiration of down and Sunset, mysteries of Sun as the daily system of soul and its correspondance with it, tempo-measurements of myth and its contrasts with Sunrise and Sunset, and at last, the role of Sun in determining the local limits of myth. All of these cases have been corresponded with some evidences of these aforementioned texts.

Crop models are appropriate and low-cost tools for investigating the effect of agricultural inputs on water and soil resources and crop production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the OILCROP-Sun model for Euroflor hybrid of Sunflower in order to gain a suitable base to conserve soil and water resources. This study was conducted as a strip-plot statistical design with randomized complete blocks design with three replications for each treatment. Total biomass, seed weight, seed yield, percentage of seed oil, and seed nitrogen were measured. Using collected field data, OILCROP-Sun model was calibrated and evaluated for different levels of water and nitrogen applications. Six genetic coefficients were then derived from calibration of OILCROP-Sun model for Euroflor hybrid. The results indicated that seed yields were simulated reasonably well for 12 treatments with NRMSE value of 18.5%, and the d-index of 0.92. The d value of different treatments of water and nitrogen for seed nitrogen was 0.93, and for oil production per hectare was 0.91.

Symbolism is a refined and sophisticated method by which the artist expresses his thoughts in art forms.One of the basic themes of mysticism,which has given rise to symbols in mysticism, is the need to God almighty as the true beloved. Salaman and Absal, a symbolic work by Jami, is an attempt to describe parts of mans ethical and human dimensions. This article presents a yet different interpretation of this symbolic story.

A Sun tracker system, consists of two parts (opto-electronic and hydraulic), has been designed and fabricated to be used in solar thermal power plant. In this paper various parts of the system including optical sensors, electronic circuits, computational control and mechanical lever have been explained and the operational mechanism of each one is discussed. The parabolic mirror used in this plant has 400 cm length, 570 cm width and 170 cm focal length. Rays falling parallel to the axis of mirror are reflected and collected at the focal point, while unparallel rays are diverted. To determine the rate of divergence, a three – dimensional equation of radiation path is written. Using a computational program in "C" language the error is calculated from "0" to "0.5" degree, for modifying the operational error of the optical system. The optical sensors detect the beam deviation from the mirror,s principal axis with a precision of 0.1 degree and transfer the necessary corrections to the active mechanical system of the hydraulic type. A three phase electromotor of 0.7 kW power and one thousand revolutions per minute controls the mirror movement.

One of the ancient rituals in practice for miliniums in Iran, India, and Rome is Mehr worship. It has been headed by a god named Mehr. Being the greatest of gods, Mehr is assisted in guarding the univers by such subordinate associate gods as Moon, Venus, Sun and Wind as well as Soroush and Roshan (god of justice). These many may not be independent; they are not of any effect unless they serve on the side of Mehr. Sun worshipped by both Iranians and non Iranians is considered to have so much in common with Mehr, hence invariably taken the same as that. The two names meaning the same, Sun worship has equated itself with Mehr worship. However, ancient religious texts like Rigveda and Avesta refer to Mehr and Sun separately. This obviously suggests that the two gods are distinct ones.The present research is a verification of the above - mentioned. It aims at the status of Mehr and Sun in national epics. which finally leads to the conclusion that the word Sun is employed in numerous texts with the same characteristics as Mehr, the god.

In this paper which has been organized based on an explanation of analogy works of Jaami’s Rubaiyat - a treatise on explanation of pantheism and ideas of Ebne Arabi school - a brief explanation is given about the allegory, pantheism and manifestation. At the beginning, allegories of the text are categorized, described and explained in 8 separate sections comprising: “light and Sun”, “fire”, “mirror”, “glass”, “water flow”, “sea”, “words & numbers” in order to help interpreting and analyzing “pantheism and manifestation” which is the main topic of “explanation of Jami’s Rubaiyat on pantheism” and also the common subject of conceptual mysticism in Ebne Arabi school.Jaami, with the help of these analogies, has tried to explain the theory of pantheism through manifestation in cosmology. In mystics’ cosmological viewpoint about existence unity, the real existence is unique both in nature and predication, and it is elusive, intangible and incomprehensible by its names and numerous adjectives; However, it is by manifestation in eye-catching world that the real existence becomes understandable.

Chronic ultraviolet exposure results in premature skin aging (photoaging), dyspigmentation, sallow color, textural changes, loss of elasticity, and premalignant actinic keratoses. UVB radiation is mainly responsible for acute damages such as Sunburn, and long-term damage including melanoma. Today the Sun's ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induced skin cancer is a major issue worldwide. History of Sun exposure and Sunburns are the most important behavioral risks. Childhood Sun exposure is considered as a substantial risk because a child’s skin has a thinner stratum corneum, lower levels of protective melanin, and a higher surface area to body-mass-ratio. Thus, protection against UVR in childhood is essential. Research has shown that people who have had a Sunburn in childhood or were in the Sun unprotected are more likely to have skin cancer. In this article, we review the literature to address the protection of children against Sun and skin cancer.