Backgrand: Inflammation can cause damage to the central nervous system, leading to neuropathological diseases such as stroke, pain, schizophrenia, and Alzheimers. AIM2 is a member of the PYHIN hematopoietic nuclear protein family that binds to cytosolic DNA and activates caspase-1, one of the inflammatory-mediated caspases that activates pro-inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of a SWIMMING training course on the expression of caspase-1 and AIM2 proteins in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats. Method: The statistical population of this study included 16 male Wistar rats (6 weeks) divided into two groups: a group without training and an endurance training group. Eight rats were placed in each group. The group without training did not engage in any sports activities, while the training group participated in a SWIMMING training session. After a 4-day familiarization period, the rats swam for 30 minutes from the fifth day. Independent T-test was used to evaluate the interventions, and all statistical calculations were done using SPSS statistical software. Results: The results of this research showed that exercise caused a significant decrease in the level of caspase-1 and AIM2 proteins in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats. Discussion: Overall, this study suggests that endurance SWIMMING training can effectively reduce caspase-1 and AIM2 proteins. Therefore, it is possible that exercise, by reducing inflammatory factors, can be a potential treatment for diseases caused by inflammation, such as sclerosis, diabetes, cancer, and Alzheimers.

As far as many water sports like SWIMMING, water polo, and also new science "water curement" are directly related to the healthy condition of water, we have studied the water of some pools in the present research. This semi experimental research involves studying some microbic and chemical laboratory experiments on water. We have studied 26 roofed and unroofed pools in Mashhad in order to study the color of water, counting bacteria, comparison of state and private pools, and comparison of the result with the standards of Health Ministry and Industrial Research. The result showed that from 3.2 water samples taken from pools, the amount of color left in 22.8 percent of samples were appropriate and according to the standards, and 77.2 percent were not according to the standards. Counting all the bacteria of the samples showed that 45.2 percent of samples were out of the standards. So we have concluded that the studied pools were polluted. There was a meaningful correlation between the pollution of water and the management of the pools. And the state pools were much more polluted than the private pools. The amount of color left in private pools was equal to 0.543 milligram per liter, while in state pools it was 0.389. Also we have found that there is a meaningful correlation between the roofed and unroofed pools. Health conditions of roofed pools were much better than unroofed pools regarding the condition of maintenance. We have found that some factors such as open space, the number of users, and also the sunlight affects on unroofed pools' water conditions. So the result showed that the government has much more supervision on private pools while state pools don't have appropriate conditions.

The aim of this study was to design a model for developing SWIMMING sports in Iran. The research method was a combination of exploratory research (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population in the qualitative part of professors and faculty members of sports management, managers and experts of the SWIMMING Federation and the expert coaches of the national SWIMMING team and in a small part including the SWIMMING Federation (10 people), provincial delegations (128 people), SWIMMING coaches (3390 people). The statistical sample in the qualitative section 30 members of the qualitative population was targeted and in the quantitative section for each question between 5 and 10 people were required, 346 people were considered by stratified random method. Exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the questions and structural equations were used to fit the model using SPSS software version 23 and PLS version 2. The results of structural equation modeling showed that economic, social and cultural, political, technological and sports factors, each of which is macro, medium and micro, are effective in the development of SWIMMING in Iran. The results of the research can be useful for managers and decision makers in the field of SWIMMING in Iran to achieve success in the international arena.

With the rising number of SWIMMING pools and their users, the amount of energy consumption in the pools has increased significantly. In addition to the negative environmental effects, this issue causes high costs associated with high levels of energy consumption. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to provide solutions for sustainable management of energy consumption in SWIMMING pools. Following analysis of the primary data for this research gathered through semi-structured interviews, a number of solutions are developed for sustainable management of energy consumption in SWIMMING pools. These solutions encompass 6 main themes, namely water, temperature, light, air, materials, monitoring and inspection, which in themselves contain 73 sub-themes. Some of the solutions identified in the research include: using anti-evaporation covers, passive heating of the pool using solar energy, adding thermal insulation to the floor of the pool, using energy-saving underwater lights, using natural light to reduce dependency on artificial lighting, using insulated coatings in materials and equipment, using thermal recycling systems, optimizing air filtration systems, replacing old equipment with new ones and continuously monitoring key water parameters such as PH, chlorine, organic matter, and the amount of microbial density.

Background: Due to the continuous use and also the individual’s different health conditions that use the service, SWIMMING pools may be a suitable place to transfer different types of diseases. It has always been a serious concern from the health point of view.Methods: In this descriptive study, the sampling was conducted as non- probable purposive. Isfahan Health Center number 1 including 19 health centers with 416 832 inhabitants, manages 19 pools in total. Investigations were conducted in 16 pools on the agenda. The required information was collected using the field method and also the documented information in the health center (physical features and microbial chlorination – years 87 and 88) were reviewed.Findings: 50% of the studied pools were public and 50% private. About 63% were indoor pools and 37% outdoor. The findings indicated that 63% of the total 16 pools have filtration system and the remaining 37% have no water treatment system. The findings also showed that the spatial distribution of the pools in the studied area is not appropriate. Out of the total 19 health centers, 9 health centers do not have any pool in their territory. While these nine centers cover more than 50% of the total territory and have 206, 743 populations.Conclusion: According to the results of this study it appears that a comprehensive review is required to investigate the health and spatial conditions of the pools and to estimate the number of pools required based on the number of people within a health center’s territory in Isfahan. Also providing a complete data bank by using GIS software is needed to assist the researchers.