Since Salvia genus was used in ancient medicine and its applicationin culinary, flavor cosmetics, food and drinking industries is important, we investigated the composition of the essential oil of S. compressa. The aerial parts of this species were collected from Jahrom in Fars province at the altitude of 900 m and isolated by water distillation. Then the essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-four compounds were identified in the essential oil of S. compressa and the major components were tau-cadinol (36%), caryophyllene oxide (15.7%), geraniol (10.5%) and borneol (9.3%).

Seaweeds have antioxidant properties. In this study, antioxidant activity of red algae Champia compressa organic extracts from Chabahar Bay was investigated. Extraction of the samples was done with a concentration of 1:20 (solvent to algae) by soaking the algae powder for 24 hours at ambient temperature. The solvents included methanol, hexane, dichloromethane and, chloroform at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1, mg/mL. Extracts were subjected to the renowned antioxidant activity assay procedures of DPPH free radical scavenging activity, reduction power and, iron chelating. The minimum IC50 value of DPPH free radical scavenging activity of C. compressa algae was in the methanolic extract with a value of 1.05 mg/mL. The maximum value was calculated in dichloromethane extract. Also, chloroform solvent with IC50 of 2.64 had the highest chelation. Methanolic extract with IC50 of 0.68 mg/mL had the highest reducing activity. with the increase in the concentration of the extract, the amount of its antioxidant activity increased. So, inhibition of DPPH free radical, chelating power and, reducing activity at a concentration of 1 mg/mL of most extracts showed a significant difference compared to other concentrations (p<0.05). In conclusion, the methanolic and chloroform extracts of C. compressa red algae exhibited notable antioxidant properties. Further research for a complete investigation of the antioxidant properties of the C. compressa extracts is need.

Coral reefs function in a symbiotic relationship with dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae). Continuous release of anthropogenic pollutants, mainly into the aquatic environments, and the resulting global climate change threatens coral health by endangering this symbiotic relationship. The object of this study is to measure the zooxanthellae density in Poritescompressa to estimate health of coral reefs in the Northern part of Nay Band Bay in the vicinity of the South Pars Petrochemical facilities and southern part of Nay Band Bay farther away from these industrials. Corals in the north of Nay Band Bay showed more signs of degradation. The highest mean zooxanthellae density was 3607849±229894 N/cm2 in south of Nay Band Bay in February. Mean zooxanthellae density was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the south of Nay Bad Bay in February than other months, indicating healthier corals at this region.

In recent decades, extensive studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of marine aquatic extracts in the treatment of diseases including cancer. Based on the results of various experiments in Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand and Japan on the effect of the extract on the treatment of various diseases, this study is an attempt to investigate the effect of coral extract of Sinularia compressa on human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells. Different concentrations of coral extract 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 μg/ml were extracted. The AGS cell line was then transferred to the laboratory under sterile conditions. This cell line was cultured in "DMEM f12" medium. The cultured cells were then transferred to plate 96 of the well. The cells were incubated at three different times 18, 24, 48 hours. Then, using MTT and flow cytometers, the effectiveness of the extract on AGS cells was measured. Based on the results, it was found that at concentrations above 15 μg/mg, the cells were isolated from the surface of the plate and suspended in the medium. According to the results of the MTT method at a concentration of 10 μg/ml, more than 84% of the cells were destroyed. Based on the findings, the time factor did not show a significant effect on the results. Factor LC50 showed 50% cell death at a concentration of 7.5 μg/ml Sinolaria coral extract. Due to the high effect of this extract on cancer cell death, the lowest concentration was tested in flow cytometry. The results of this experiment showed that cell death of 43% of cells occurred at a concentration of 5 μg/ml of coral extract, which was consistent with the results of MTT test at this concentration. Cell shape changes were also examined. Based on morphological observations, the affected cells became smaller and lost their epithelial shape. S. compressa coral extract showed a great effect on AGS cell mortality. These findings confirm that the potential of using bioactive compounds extracted from marine aquatic animals to control cancer is very significant and can be considered as an alternative to chemical treatments and high side effects.

Depending on in which season or in which section of rangeland livestock grazes, it shows certain behavior. Present study is therefore aimed at exploring preference value of species in Saleh Abad rangelands of Ilamprovince from 2007 to 2010. In this study, the preference value of 17 species and annual plants was investigated through the method of percent of consumption. The results showed that the effect of year, month and plant species on preference value is significant. Due to drought, average preference value in 2008 was more than that in 2007, 2009 and 2010, respectively. Preference value of rangeland species was higher in April than in March and statistically the difference was significant. Results showed that the species Ankyropetalugypsophiloides, Annual grass & forbs, Salvia compressa, and Sanguiosorba belong to Class III and of moderate palatability. Other non-palatable species were categorized in class IV and V. In study area, the last two months of grazing season (March and April) matched the first two months of plant growth. Annual grasses and forbs species and Sanguiosorba minor were equally consumed by animals in both March and April. Toward the end of the grazing season (end of April) perennial species are consumed. For example, relative consumption of Salvia compressa and Ankyropetalum gypsophiloides was and 92 percent, respectively. In April, an increase in consumption trend of other perennials was witnessed. Therefore, with presence of livestock in from April to June, fresh forage of perennial herbs is grazed by livestock but farmer s believe that the amount of forage production of perennial herbs is not enough that forces the livestock out of rangeland.

Algae have various applications and may use to biochar production. In this study, laboratory biochar production of two macroalgae of Enteromorpha compressa and Ulva lactuca collected from Persian Gulf were investigated. Biochar production was performed at different temperature without oxygen. The characters of obtained biochar were determined by standard methods. Results showed that the temperature had significant effect (P<0. 05) on weight, pH, organic carbon content, N, Ca, Mg, Na and K of macroalgal biochars. The biochar of E. compressa and U. lactuca had, respectively, 13. 54-28. 57 % and 22. 65-43. 75 % ash weight; 8. 04-11. 71 and 8. 17-12. 09 pH; 9. 1-18. 22 % and 12. 14-21. 25 % organic carbon; 2. 1-3. 3 % and 2. 7-4. 1 % N; 16-20 and 20-32 meq/l Ca; 48-172 and 12-440 meq/l Mg; 26485-33531 and 7977-13445 meq/l Na; 7323-8831 and 4675-7933 meq/l K, respectively. The macroalgae biochar have different nutrients that could be used for improvement of soil and increasing of yield of production. In addition, biochar of E. compressa and U. lactuca may use for improvement of acidic soils.

Salvia macrosiphon and Salvia limbata are important species of the genus Salvia which is belong to the family of Lamiaceae (Labiatae). The above mentioned species was collected from southeren parts of beautiful area of Zavarijan and Dodangeh region in thecity of Brujerd. Essencial oil was extracted from the above these two plants by the method of distillation with water in a Clevenger.The collected essential oil was kept in refrigerator and analized by GC/MS. Totally, 31 chemical compounds were identified in the essence of each species. The main components in S.macrosiphon were Limonen, Alpha-pinene, Spathulenol, Myrcene, Beta-pinene, Beta-caryophyllene and the major in S. limbata were Spathulenol, Limonene, Beta-caryophyllene, Myrcene, Beta-pinene and Alpha-pinene.