Introduction: Due to interesting physical properties and wide availability of thallium-201 as a SPECT radionuclide, the incorporation of this nuclide into 8-hydroxyquinoline for cell labeling was targeted.Methods: Thallium-201 (T1/2=3.04 d) in Tl+form was converted to Tl3+cation in presence of O3/6M HCl and di-isopropyl ether, controlled by RTLC/gel electrophoresis The final evaporated activity reacted with ethanolic 8-hydroxy-quinoline (oxine) solution in normal saline to yield [201Tl] (III) OXINATE at room temperature after 0.5 h, followed by solid phase extraction/purification using C18 Sep-Pak column Results: A radiochemical yield of more than 95% was obtained. Radiochemical purity of 92% was obtained using RTLC (>90% using HPLC) with specific activity of about 820 GBq/mmol. The tracer was stable in the final product and in presence of human serum at 37°C up to 6h. The partition coefficient of lopP=5.5 was obtained. The labeled compound was used in red blood cell (RBC) labeling. The cell uptake ratio was determined at 37°C up to 3 hours.Conclusion: The radiolabeled compound used in this study is a very inexpensive agent for use in cell labeling studies in biology, medicine and various research areas.

Background: The incorporation of thallium-201 into 8-hydroxyquinoline was targeted for cell labeling due to interesting physical properties and wide availability of this nuclide as a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radionuclide. Materials and Methods: Thallium-201 (T1/2=3.04 d) in Tl+ form was converted to Tl3+ cation in presence of O3/6M HCl and di-isopropyl ether, controlled by radiothin layer chromatography (RTLC) /gel electrophoresis methods. The final evaporated activity reacted with ethanolic 8-hydroxy-quinoline (oxine) solution in normal saline to yield [201Tl](III)OXINATE at room temperature after 0.5 h, followed by solid phase extraction/purification using C18 Sep-Pak column and partition coefficient determination for water/lipid solubility. In vitro red blood cell (RBC) labeling was also performed. Results: A radiochemical yield of more than 95% was obtained. Radiochemical purity of 92% was obtained using RTLC (>90% using HPLC) with specific activity of about 820 GBq/mmol. The tracer was stable in the final product and in presence of human serum at 37°C up to 6h. The partition coefficient of lopP=5.5 was obtained. The labeled compound was used in RBC labeling. The cell uptake ratio was 0.47 after 240 min. Conclusion: [201Tl](III) OXINATE used in this study is a widely available agent for use in RBC labeling studies in biology, medicine and various other research areas.

In this work, the effective factors on the preparation of 67Ga-OXINATE complex for white blood cell labeling were determined. Gallium-67 was produced at AMIRS 30MeV cyclotron via 68Zn(p,2n)67Ga reaction in from of 67GaCl3, and used for radiolabeling of OXINATE complex at optimized conditions. A mixture of 67GaCl3 (3uL, 200uCi) and ethanolic oxine solution (1mg/ml, 100μl) was evaporated and reacted at 25ºC for 1 h in the presence of NaOAc solution (pH. 5.5). ITLC was performed using a mixture of ammonium actetae and methanol solution (1:1) followed by recording the activity using radio thin layer chromatography scanner. The radiochemical purity of %95.18 at these conditions was obtained (specific activity of 1432 GBq/mmol). Freshly prepared white blood cells were separated from human volunteers and used for labeling by the above mentioned complex at 37°C. 67Ga-OXINATE complex due to it’s lipophilicity and suitable gamma rays is a suitable cell labeling agent and availabel for blood stem cell and microorganism studies.

Introduction: The interesting physical assets and accessibility of indium-111 make it an engrossing radioisotope for radiopharmaceutical research [1-2]. The increasing trend in the production and use of PET radionuclides in nuclear medicine has offered new opportunities for researchers to focus on new methods for production of radiopharmaceuticals for their future PET radio nuclides. In this way, automation and use of computers, PLCs, sensors, electronic boards are favor to manual production line and so our aim is to develop the present AMIRS' production line of Indium-111 oxyquinoline by PLCs. key words: [111In] -OXINATE, imaging agents, Automatic Preparation, PLCMethods: Indium-111 oxyquinoline (oxine) is a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical intended for radio labeling autologous leukocytes. [111In] -OXINATE is the Agricultural, Medical and Industrial Research School (AMIRS) product that supplied as a sterile, non-pyrogenic, isotonic aqueous solution with a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5. The radionuclide impurity limit for indium 114m is not greater than 37kBq, per 37 MBq, of indium 111 at the time of calibration. All steps of the process were carried out manually and hence it increases the risk of human mistakes. In this work, the Indium-111 oxyquinoline production line is redesigned by using mini Logo PLC to decrease the role of human operating to produce medical drugs in a precision and repeatable manner.Results: By means of PLC's total production it minimizes radiation exposure to production line personnel and minimum adequate shielding of the preparation that must be maintained at all the production time. Accurate amounts of HBr are used and so the final products have accurate PH as programmed in PLCs.Conclusion: This study was conducted to investigate and illustrate the use of PLC's in production of [111In] - OXINATE Complexes as imaging agents. Through the automatic production we obtain high quality radiopharmaceutical with low cost and minimum waste produced.

The voltammetric characteristics of Mo (VI) OXINATE at the mercury electrode, in the presence of tri-butylammonium perchlorate (tri-BAP) and piperidinium perchlorate (PP) + piperidine (P) as two different types supporting electrolytes, have been studied in chloroform. With the both supporting electrolytes a two electron irreversible process for the reduction of Mo (VI) OXINATE was observed. Preceded by a solvent extraction of Mo (VI) OXINATE in chloroform, the DP method was used for the determination of molybdenum. In the presence of 0.2 M tri-BAP as supporting electrolyte, the calibration graph was linear over the range 0.5 to 50 (M. and the detection limit was 0.16 (M about 10 times lower than the case of PP + P. The proposed method using Mo (VI) OXINATE-tri-BAP system has been successfully applied for the determination of molybdenum in steel.

The voltammetric characteristics of bismuth (III)-OXINATE in chloroform at the mercury electrode were investigated and a quasi-reversible behavior for Bi(III) OXINATE reduction was confirmed Preceded by the extraction of Bi(III) OXINATE in chloroform, differential pulse polarography, was developed in the extracts for determination of the trace-bismuth. The linear range of the calibration graph and the detection limit respectively were: 1x10-6 -5 x 10-5 M and 4.7x10-7 M of Bi(III). Suitability and accuracy of the proposed method for determination of trace-bismuth was established by the analysis of a metallic aluminum sample.

Introduction: The aim of this work is Optimization of 67Ga-Oxine preparation in order to diagnostic purposes and cell labeling. The incorporation of Gallium-67 into 8-hydroxyquinoline was targeted for cell labeling due to interesting physical properties and wide availability of this nuclide as a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radionuclide.Methods: Gallium-67 is a bioisoester of ferric iron with physical half-life of 3.3 days (78 hr) and biological half-life of 2-3 weeks. In this study, 67Ga was produced at a 30 MeV cyclotron (IBA-Cyclone 30) via the 68Zn (p, n) 67Ga reaction. Oxine has been labeled with this radionuclide in the form of [67Ga] gallium chloride for its possible diagnostic properties and the reaction conditions were optimized for time, temperature and reactant concentrations. In vitro white blood cell (WBC) labeling was also performed.Results: The [67Ga] oxine complex was obtained at pH=5.5 in acetate buffer medium at 25°C in 2 hours.Radio-TLC showed a radiochemical purity of more than 95 ± 2%. The chemical stability of the complex was checked in vitro with a specific activity of 1432 GBq/mmol. The labeled compound was used in WBC labeling. The cell uptake ratio was 0.12 after 120 min.Conclusion: [67Ga] (III) OXINATE used in this study is a widely available agent for use in WBC labeling studies in biology, medicine and various other research areas.