Today, the concept of openness has spread in organizations and organizations have shown a special interest in open Approaches, among which open strategy is also part of the broad social trend and tendency towards greater openness. Open strategy is a multifaceted phenomenon that is evolving rapidly and requires more knowledge. In this article, an attempt is made to examine the concept of open strategy in a more detailed way with the help of meta-combined qualitative research method. Finally, 38 articles in the period 1990 to 2020 with the focus on open strategy were selected and analyzed qualitatively by reviewing the Scopus database. In this research, the most important definitions presented in this field are identified and then according to the multiplicity of definitions, characteristics and Approaches used with a more general look at the typology of introducing open strategy. The results show that the methods of identifying and defining open strategy can be divided into 5 categories: philosophical, dimensional, scope of application, process and level of analysis. From the point of view of philosophical foundations, the open strategy Approach is mainly subjective and in the postmodern paradigm. From a dimensional point of view, it has two main dimensions of transparency and comprehensiveness, each of which has sub-dimensions. The range of different applications of this phenomenon is known in the form of eight Approaches. From a process point of view, it has three important typologies and from the level of analysis, it is known in two ways: number or type. The details and characteristics of these 5 categories are mentioned in detail in the article. It is worth noting that the dynamic and effective nature of open strategy and different ways of looking at this area, suggests that researchers should make more efforts to better understand this new phenomenon.

The behavior and performance of the leaders of start-up businesses can be the most important factor driving the business towards success and performance improvement. One of the behaviors that organizational leaders adopt to advance their goals in the organization is ambivalence. The current research is based on the deviation of the current situation from the desired situation, following the design of a dual leadership model in new knowledge-based businesses. The strategy of the current research was to solve the met combination problem with a qualitative Approach and content analysis tactics. The current research has used the seven main steps mentioned by Sandlovski and Barroso (2007) to carry out the research steps. The data collection tool of the current research is a checklist (in the section of library studies) and a questionnaire (in the section of analyzes related to the prioritization of codes and Shannon's entropy). The research data analysis method was done by coding and summarizing data in MaxQda qualitative data analysis software. In the research analysis portfolio, using the screening process, 34 studies have been summarized in the form of 40 primary codes, 11 concepts and 4 categories, which is the highest abstraction level of the codes. In the document quality control phase, the reliability value of these codes based on the Kappa coefficient is 0. 723 was obtained and then the codes were classified using the Shannon entropy method. Finally, after going through the seven main steps of the research model, the results and suggestions of the research were presented. The results of the present study show that the antecedents or factors that affect ambidextrous leadership behaviors include the capabilities of startup businesses, entrepreneurial orientation, innovation tasks, and leader characteristics. The capabilities of business in the present research include growth tendency, networking ability and market diversity.

Background and purpose: In recent decades, empowerment of managers has become one of the main concerns of organizations. High workload, working conditions and competitiveness of organizations reveal the need for empowering managers. There are no comprehensive model or theory in that regard. The purpose of this study was to systematically review and identify the dimensions and components of empowerment of managers. Materials and methods: This study was done using a Meta-Synthesis Approach. Systematic review of library studies and articles published in national and international scientific databases, including Migrants, Civilica, Noormags Emerald, ProCost, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Elment, Otad, and Sage (1977-2020) were searched to identify the components of empowerment of managers. Results: In literature, empowerment of managers is defined according to three concepts,comprehensive empowerment, constructive empowerment, and basic empowerment. Comprehensive empowerment includes psychological and structural empowerments. Comprehensive psychological empowerment consists of psychological components, job components, and personality traits. Structural empowerment includes organizational components and educational and learning components. It should be noted that all these components have their primary themes. Conclusion: All organizations are needed to carefully examine managers’,empowerment and benefit from the maximum power and capacity of managers’,talents by recognizing their strengths and weaknesses.

Objective The significance of internal branding in achieving effective and successful organizational branding cannot be overstated, yet research in this area is limited. This study aims to address this gap by utilizing a Meta-Synthesis Approach to systematically analyze and categorize internal branding tactics, techniques, and strategies, resulting in a model that can be practically applied within organizations.   Methodology The current research is conducted on the Meta-Synthesis Approach. It is a qualitative Approach to present a synthesis of research findings to create a conceptual framework and summarize concepts for easier access for use in future empirical research. According to the purpose of the research, first, 356 selected articles among which 68 valid articles were examined. The population study included all articles published in Latin and Persian magazines in reliable scientific databases, from 2010 to 2022.   Findings Using the content analysis method on 68 selected articles, in total two main categories including “strategies and solutions” and “tools” were extracted. The study could identify 12 concepts including strategies for institutionalizing ideologies in the organization, strategies for institutionalizing values ​​of the organization, interaction strategies with external stakeholders, employee matching strategies with the brand, leadership strategies, brand-oriented strategies at the macro level, etc. Also, 63 codes were discovered and labeled in this research.     Conclusion The findings of this study are crucial for organizations looking to implement effective internal branding strategies. By categorizing strategies and tools into two perspectives (internal and external) and determining the level of organizational change required for their implementation, the study provides a practical framework for organizations to follow. Furthermore, the proposed four-part format for implementing these strategies and tools ensures that organizations can implement changes in a structured and organized manner. The study also highlights the importance of aligning employee strategies with brand and leadership strategies, which can have a significant impact on the success of internal branding initiatives.  The fact that the proposed model has been validated by experts and university professors further strengthens its credibility and usefulness for organizations. Overall, this research model offers a comprehensive view of internal branding strategies, tools, and solutions, which can provide organizations with a competitive advantage in the marketplace. Organizations can benefit from this research by improving their understanding and depth of knowledge in the field of internal branding and ultimately improving their overall performance.

Employees and their performance, play an essential role in the success of any organization, and employee performance management is one of the most important issues in organization management. In this regard, one of the organizational concerns is sustainability of human resources and the factors affecting it. Therefore, the current research was conducted through the combination of previous research with the aim of presenting a all-inclusive image of the factors affecting sustainable human resources. This research has an applied purpose and meta synthesis method has been used in it. The researchers have done a detailed and in-depth investigation on the subject with the meta synthesis method and have combined the results of the past researches which are qualitative. Accordingly, after searching the databases, in the time range of 2016 to 2023 for domestic research and 2000 to 2023 for foreign research, 147 related studies were evaluated and finally, after reviewing 56 articles, they were selected. Using the seven-step model of Sandusky and Barroso, the findings of 56 previous studies related to the research objectives were reviewed, aggregated, combined and interpreted. Using the coding method, the number of 155 codes, 21 components and 5 concepts (social factors, environmental factors, economic factors, organizational factors and welfare factors) were identified and the pattern of factors affecting sustainable human resources was presented and drawn

Objective: In recent years, the issue of governance has entered the national sphere and emphasized the importance of strategic decisions. But making these decisions is always accompanied by errors and cognitive biases. the aim of identifying the cognitive biases of policy makers in governance strategic decision-making.Methodology: The current research has a applicative purpose and in terms of the type of data, it is a qualitative research. By searching for research keywords in foreign databases such as Emerald, Web of Science, Scopus, etc. and domestic databases such as Nurmagz, Mogiran , Civilica and... (researches from 1980 to 2024 and 1390 to 1402) the desired sources were found and the validity and reliability of the findings were confirmed by the face validity method by the expert center group and Kappa reliability equal to 0.72. The obtained sources have been identified by using the seven-step metacombination method of Sandelowski and Barroso (2007) coding and the desired components of the research.Findings: According to the findings of the 22 selected final studies, 134 codes lead to 40 cognitive biases and in 5 main groups, they include biases related to decision making and judgment, information processing biases, awareness and perception biases, self-centered biases, and social biases. and a group has been identified.Conclusion: The research results showed how decision-making is influenced and activated by internal and external biases. This research emphasizes that policy makers must recognize and manage their cognitive biases in each category and select appropriate information from a wide set of data.

Objective: In recent years, an empowerment Approach of local communities has emerged as one of the Approaches used in crisis management. The present study aims to provide a Model of Crisis Management with an empowerment Approach of local communities using a metasynthesis Approach. Methods: This paper is conducted based on the archival research Approach using Comparative method for identifying talent research Approaches as a coding framework for the qualitative content analysis strategy using the Meta-Synthesis Approach. Results: In this study, the factors affecting crisis management with the capacity building Approach of local communities in four categories: "factors related to the crisis prevention and mitigation phase", "factors related to the crisis preparedness phase", "factors related to the crisis response phase" and "Factors related to the post-crisis reconstruction and rehabilitation phase" were included. Also, each of these stages consisted of subsections. Conclusion: Regarding the five-step model presented in this study, Given that a comprehensive and phased model for crisis management has not yet been developed with an emphasis on the empowerment of local communities in the country, this study can be considered a comprehensive and appropriate roadmap for crisis management with empowerment Approach of local communities in the country.

The construction industry has always had significant destructive effects on the environment. Using green supply chain management strategies to achieve sustainable construction is an effective Approach to reduce environmental damage. Due to the vagueness of the dimensions, in this research, relying on the qualitative Approach and the interpretive paradigm and the seven-step Meta-Synthesis method, the effective components on the establishment of green supply chain management in the construction industry were explained. For this purpose, 728 related studies in the field of supply chain management, especially with sustainable, green, and reverse, were identified, reviewed, evaluated, and screened, and finally, based on the entry and exit protocol, 37 studies were coded in the research portfolio, which in total 73 primary codes were extracted and categorized into 13 concepts and 4 categories. Classification reliability was confirmed based on Kappa coefficient. The findings of the research showed that the components affecting the green supply chain management were identified based on four main categories including: the main factors of green supply chain management, facilitating factors, internal and external drivers and barriers, and finally, suggestions based on the extracted results from this research, it was presented to future researchers.