In the present study, accumulation of manganese, cadmium, zinc, iron and copper in the commercially fish species (silver pomfret and tiger tooth croaker) caught from Bandarabbas coasts at 2010 was measured and the risk of daily intake of them in Hormozagan urban population was estimated. The average concentrations (μ/g dry weight) of manganese, cadmium, zinc, iron, and copper in the muscle tissue of silver pomfret were 1.248, 0.217, 14.444, 2.397 and 3.300, respectively, while the concentration of them in tiger tooth croaker were 1.009, 0.403, 12.564, 4.467 and 2.366, respectively. According to fish consumption rate, urban populations of the province were divided into four groups, low, medium, high and very high. The target hazard quotient (THQ) in each group calculated separately. The THQ of all groups were much lower than 1 in the two fish. The results showed that urban populations of the province have not any risk due to accumulation of the studied heavy metals.

KARYOLOGY and C-banding patterns is described for Fritillaria persica L., unique member of Fritillaria subgenus Theresia. The karyotype of this species is bimodal, consisting of large, symmetric (metacentric), and smaller asymmetric (telocentric and subtelocentric) chromosome airs. In this species, the basic chromosome number is 2n=24 and the karyotype formula is 2n=2x=24= 4m+8t+12 st. The most characteristic feature of C-banding in the karyotype of F. persica is presence of a band at the secondary constriction in pair no.10 and lack of bands in both pairs of metacentric chromosomes in all short arms of the karyotype.

Pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) is one of the economic fish species in the Caspian Sea, with no official report on its chromosome preparation and karyotype formula. For the metaphase preparation, 29 fry specimens of the fish weighting 10-25geach were used. Colchicine 0.01% at 0.7ml/100g of fish weight was injected in the muscular tissues. After 180 minutes, kidney and gill tissues were removed and hypotonized in KCL 0.075 M for 40 minutes, fixed with Carnoy mixture for 18-20 hours, homogenized and dropped on the slides, and stained with Giemsa 20% for 30 minutes. The prepared slides were swept by objective X100 light photomicroscope. The results showed that the chromosome number of this species is 2n = 48 and the chromosome arms is NF = 76. The karyotype formula of the species was found to be 2n = 1m + 13sm + 4st + 6a. Comparing the results of the study with those of other researchers showed that the Pikeperch chromosome number in the South Caspian Sea is similar to the fish in other parts of the world but the type of chromosomes and karyotype formula is different.

The KARYOLOGY of bream (Abramis brama) were done for the first time in Iran. This study was conducted on chromosomal number, chromosome arms and karyotyping of bream from the Southern part of the Caspian Sea with preparing chromosomal extensions on the base of Squash method. The number of metaphase plates using Squash method on renal and gill tissues was determined as to be 2n=50 and the number of chromosome arms was NF=82.

Aim: To study the karyotype and chromosomal characteristics of Garra rufa from Semirom River (Karun River drainage) of Isfahan province.Material and Methods: Seven specimens of Garra rufa was collected by a seine net and transferred live to the laboratory. After squashing of gill and head kidney tissues, the tissue was stained by Giemsa. The mitosis was triggered by PHA, followed by other routine procedures of KARYOLOGY.Results: From the total 50 mitotic metaphases obtained from 7 individuals, 2n=48 had the highest frequency (52%), consisting of 34 metacentric, 12 submetacentric and 2 acro/telocentric chromosomes. The fundamental number of chromosome arms (NF) was 94. The total lengths of the smallest and largest chromosomes were 6.40 and 1.67 mm, respectively.Conclusions: The diversity in chromosomal number, chromosomal formulae and the fundamental number of chromosome arms (NF), may indicate the presence of an interspecific polymorphism or the presence of several species in this species which need further investigations, especially from a molecular point of view.

Anuran amphibian are known vertebrate. They have been studied systematically in Iran, recently. In order to study biosystematics of anura in the Markazy Province and compare with Khorasan Province, 122 specimens were collected from six stations (Arak, Ghadamgah, Shazand,Farmahin, Delijan, Khomein) at spring and summer (2004- 2005). Samples were transfered alive to the zoology lab, identified and were fixed after karyologic studies. Identification based upon KARYOLOGY and morphologic characters showed that anuran samples belong to marsh frog, Rana ridibunda and green toad, Bufo viridis with a set of 26 (2n=26) and 22 (2n=22) chromosomes, respectively. The phonetic studies between populations of two species, 14 characters in frog and 17 characters in toad were measured. T-test analysis between sexes were significant in 12 characters for frogs and only one character for toads (P<0.001). One way ANOVA between populations for each species were significant in 13 characters for frogs and 6 characters for toads (P<0.001). Difference between multivariate mean vectors confirmed in T2Hotelling for populations and sexes of marsh frog (P<0.001). Length of foot and femur were discriminated distinct sexes based on discrimination analysis with 89 % correct grouping for frogs and space between pellicle with 92% correct grouping for toads. Discrimination analysis between populations discriminated groups based on two functions with 78%correct grouping in frogs and 88% correct grouping in toads. Cluster analysis based on centroids grouped populations resulted from geographical, ecological and genetical conditions.

The chromosomal spread and karyotype of Bleak (Alburnus alburnus) from Anzali lagoon were identified using tissue squashing techniques with injection of 0.5ml/100g body weight of 0.01% Colchicines solution in fish fingerlings. Kidney and gill tissues were then extracted and chopped in KCl 0.045M for 20 min and fixed in Carnoy solution in 3 stages. The chromosomal spreads were stained in 20% Gimsa for 30 min. From 347 chromosomal spread counts, the results showed diploid chromosome number of this species 2n=50. Karyotype composed of 7 metacentric, 13 submetacentric and 5 acrocentric or subtelocentric choromosome pairs, and the number of chromosome arms (NF) was determined as NF=90.

Karyological studies of seven populations of Buxus hyrcana Pojark. from different habitats are presented. We found one usual basic chromosome number in this species x=14. All populations were diploid (2n = 2x = 28). The results of kryotypic analysis made it possible to categorize different populations of a species and make a logical comparison among them.

The genus Calomyscus has long been considered monotypic and represented by the species C. bailwardi. Finally in the most recent revision, eight geographic species were recognized: C. bailwardi, C. baluchi, C. elburzensis, C. grandis, C. hotsoni, C. mystax, C. tsolovi, and C. urartensis. Since the taxonomic status of this genus remains somewhat controversial, karyological analysis may provide important information for evaluating the systematic position of Calomyscus. So far, within the range of the genus Calomyscus several distinct karyotypes have been identified. The karyotype of C. hotsoni has been undocumented until now but its karyotype recorded in this study from vicinity of type locality, Sistan va Baluchistan Province in the south eastern of Iran that was different with the karyotype of another species in this genus. Furthermore, three new karyotypes of Calomyscus were studied by conventional staining technique from Khorasan and Yazd Provinces of Iran that represent chromosomal variations in this genus. Chromosome studies show that Calomyscus specimens from Yazd Province should be belong to C. elburzensis. But more karyological, molecular and morphological studies would be necessary for confirming this decision.