Introduction & Objective: The prevalence of urolithiasis, due to different epidemiologic factors such as hypercalcuria and hyperuricosuria, was reported to be 3% to 4%. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of hypercalauria and hyperuricosuri in patients with urolithiasis and to recommend a suitable diet and treatment to reduce stone formation. Materials &Methods: This is a descriptive, cross - sectional study performed on 120 patients who referred to the urologist at Shahid Mofatteh Clinic and Shahid Beheshti Hospital. The data were collected from selected patients using a questionnaire and also lab data such as 24 hr urine calcium and uric acid and urine culture. Then they were analyzed by spss software. Results: Prevalence of hypercalcuria and hyperuricosuria in patients was found to be 20.8% and 10.8%, respectively. The synchronized prevalence of these abnormalities was 4.2%. Also 25% of hypercalciuric and 15.4% of hyperuricosuric patients have urinary tract infection. The most common age of patients with hypercalciuria and hypreuricosuria was in the range of 20-30 years. Discussion: Prevalence of hypercalciuria in the subjects was significantly lower than that in patients of other studies (p<.05) but making any decisive conclusion calls for further studies especially for other metabolic abnormalities that are common in urolithiasis patients.

Background and Purpose: Urinary stones are the third most common cause of urinary tract disorders and hypercalciuria is reported in 30% to 55% of patients. Therefore, this study is intended to study the serum and urine calcium in patients with urinary stone formation in khorasan, Iran.Methods and Materials: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted from 2003 summer through 2005 spring on 100 patients (case) and 51 non-patients (control). Relevant data were collected through questionnaire, serum calcium measurement (morning blood sampling) and urinary calcium measurement (24-hour urine collection).Results: Hypercalciuria was observed in 9% of the case group and 2% of the control group. No significant difference was observed in the urinary calcium of the two groups. (2.23±1.07 vs. 2.13±1.10 mg per kg body weight/24 hours). Hypocalcaemia was detected in one of the cases but in the control group, nobody was so. Also, no significant differences were observed in the serum calcium of the two groups (9.07±0.68 vs. 9.13±0.64 mg/dl).Conclusion: Compared with references and recent publication, regional HYPERCALIURIA is obviously lower and it is inferred that empirical therapy to prevent stone formation by reducing calcium has no therapeutic role. There seems no need for routine examination of serum calcium.

Background: Hypercalciuria is the most common cause of nephrolithiasis. Many hypercalciuric patients are visited in pediatricians’ offices. Various factors like solutes of water and diet affect the prevalence of hypercalciuria in different areas. So this study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of hypercalciuria and its related factors in 6-12 years old children in Kashan. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was done on 400 children aged 6-12 years old in kashan city and its villages. After determining the sample size and selecting the school that should be studied, investigating teams were instructed about sampling and collecting data. The questionnaire was completed for every child who had not signs of hyperparathyroidism, Cushing syndrome and history of excessive use of vitamin D. Urine samples were collected in plastic sealed labeled containers and were sent to central laboratory of university. Then sodium, creatinin and calcium of samples were tested by flame – Phothometer and RA 1000 apparatus. Children with urine calcium to creatinin ratio more than 0.2 and urine sodium more then 200 meq/lit were known respectively as hypercalcouria and hypernatriuria. Results: The study was done on 362 out of 400 cases. The prevalence of hypercalciuria was 34.2%, of them 58.1% was male while 47.9% of children without hypercalciuria was male (P<0.09). The prevalence of hypercalciuria at Kashan city and its villages were 33% and 39% respectively. The prevalence of hypernatriuria in children with HYPERCALIURIA was 41.9% but in children without hypercalciuria was 20% (P<0.0001). Conclusion: The prevalence of hypercalciuria in Kashan city and its villages is high. This is even higher in rural than urban regions. Hypercaciuria prevalence in male is more than female. There is direct relation between prevalence of hypercalciuria and hypernatriuria hence it is recommended another study to compare solutes level of drinking water and excessive use of salt in rural and urban regions of Kashan