The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between attachment styles and HOMESICKNESS in a sample of Tehran University students. One hundred and forty five students (84 girls, 61 boys) were included in this study. Participants were asked to complete the Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI) and the HOMESICKNESS Scale (HS). Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including means, standard deviations, correlation coefficient, t-test, and analysis of variance. The results revealed that attachment styles were associated with HOMESICKNESS. Students with secure attachment style described themselves as experiencing less HOMESICKNESS than students with insecure attachment styles. Girls had higher scores on the HOMESICKNESS Scale than boys. Secure attachment style is supposed to decrease on the HOMESICKNESS Scale than boys. Secure attachment style is supposed to decrease levels of HOMESICKNESS through mechanisms such as ''affect regulation'', ''security'', and ''replacement'' of new relations and emotional bonds in stressful situations.

Introduction: Each year many students leave their homes to enter university. While the new life gives them new opportunities, at the same time it encounters them with challenges and stressful situations. One of the consequences of these challenges is HOMESICKNESS. The first step in studying this phenomenon in Iranian university students is to have a valid and reliable instrument. The present study aims at validating HOMESICKNESS scale.Method: After translating the 45-item Utrecht HOMESICKNESS Scale and checking its credibility by several experts, 360 freshmen (f=210) were selected randomly from Shahid Beheshti University dormitories and completed the scale.Results: Exploratory factor analysis was applied in order to analyze the data, which resulted in the Persian form of HOMESICKNESS scale consisting 36 items. Despite the reduction of items, the constructions remained the same as original scale.Conclusion: The present study is conducted in order to validate HOMESICKNESS scale in students living in dormitories. A 36-item scale was extracted which justifies 52.5% of the variance. Although 9 items were removed from Persian form, the number of factors remained the same as original form.

Al- Bayyati is a well-known Arab poet as well as a great innovator of the poetic language. He also became famous in the Arab world because of his journey around the world. Bayati passed more than half of his life outside Iraq hence; his poems always manifest HOMESICKNESS. He feels as he lived in exile. In other words, he tries to show in his odes other meanings of his deep HOMESICKNESS. The present paper is an attempt to analyze the feelings of Bayati through his beautiful narrations.

Background and purpose: HOMESICKNESS is a complex cognitive, exciting and stimulating condition that comes into existence because of the individual’s transition into a new environment and it seems to present the reduction of coping strategies. This research aims to study the effectiveness of the method of assertiveness training on HOMESICKNESS of female university students.Materials and methods: This was an interventional study pre and post test study. Among 249 female freshmen, 96 students were found to be suffering from HOMESICKNESS among which 60 students were randomly selected and put in the intervention and control group. The information was gathered by Archer et al., HOMESICKNESS questionnaire which involves 30 expressions, from 1 to 5 likert scale, and also by the researcher’s own questionnaire which involves demographic information. The pre test data were gathered within the first 2 weeks of their arrival to the dormitory. The experimental group took part in 12 90-minute training sessions followed by evaluation 3 weeks after the initial testing. The data were analyzed according to Mann-Whitney test.Results: The pre- test data from the two groups showed no significant difference, however, with the presentation assertiveness training, the experimental group grades were significantly higher than control the group. Also, two factors of HOMESICKNESS i.e., not-likening the university and strong attachment to their home did not show a difference in pre test, however, differences in post test were shown to be significant.Conclusion: The results of the study show that assertiveness training can be effective in alleviating problems that come up after the transition of the individual into the university and their new environment.

Background and aims: Students are exposed to multiple various mental disorders. One of the most important difficulties the students encounter are HOMESICKNESS and depression the occurrence of which cause less happiness in the students. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among 3 factors of HOMESICKNESS, depression, and happiness in dormitory students of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 387 dormitory students of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences from January to April 2016. The participants of the study were selected through stratified random sampling technique with proportional allocation. Data were collected through self-reporting and four questionnaires including demographic data questionnaire, HOMESICKNESS Benfleet questionnaire, University Students Depression Inventory (USDI), and Oxford happiness questionnaire. A quantitative analysis of the inquiry was performed using SPSS software, version 23. Results: The results showed that depression had an indirect relationship (-0. 6) with happiness. That is, by increasing the depression scores happiness will decrease. In addition, depression had a significantly direct relationship (0. 3) with HOMESICKNESS. It implies that an increase in HOMESICKNESS score leads to an increase in depression score. Moreover, HOMESICKNESS had a significantly indirect relationship (-0. 2) with happiness. Namely, an increase in HOMESICKNESS, results in a decrease in happiness. Conclusion: In view of the results obtained and given the importance of mental health of the students in dormitories, it seems that the reasons related to HOMESICKNESS and depression should be recognized and included in intervention and prevention programs. Besides, appropriate interventions must be designed and implemented in this regard.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the relation between emotional intelligence, attachment styles, and HOMESICKNESS. Method: In a cross-sectional study, 280 non-local students from Razi University were chosen using the relative stratified sampling. Hazan and Shaver Attachment Scale, Cyberia Shrink Emotional Intelligence Scale, and Archer et al HOMESICKNESS Questionnaire were used in this study. Data were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis, t-test for independent groups, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Students with secure attachment felt less HOMESICKNESS in comparison with students with non-secure attachment students. There was a negative relationship between emotional intelligence and HOMESICKNESS, and students with secure attachment had a higher emotional intelligence. No association was observed between age and HOMESICKNESS. Conclusion: Attachment styles and emotional intelligence can affect the experience of HOMESICKNESS in different ways.