In the present study, the main purpose is the qualitative study on Garbage collection in Tehran city. It has been done by qualitative research method. Semi-structured interview and purposeful sampling techniques were used in data collection. To do this, 15 people were interviewed and the sample size in the present study was determined based on theoretical saturation. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Theme analysis was performed at 4 levels of primary, main, central and core themes. A total of 184 initial themes were extracted from all interviews. In the main coding stage, the following 9 main themes were merged. Escape from poverty in the origin and the inevitable choice of inferiority, society's view to Garbage collectors, and high stress, strengthening the cycle of academic reluctance and illiteracy, physical and mental torment, unknown horizon and confusion of the Khojies, legal ambiguity and customary definitions and contracts, complaints from relevant institutions, the entry of the mafia and the formation of rent and corruption. Finally, these themes fall into two categories of social harmfulness of recycling and institutional exclusion and illegallity of the status of Garbage collectors in the second distrect in the form of the core theme of the structure of socially harmful and institutionally illegal, waste phenomenon explained..

Introduction: The lack of proper management and the lack of choosing the right place for disposal and burial of waste creates problems for the human and animal environment. Khoda Afarin city has a population of about 34977 people and Kalibar city has a population of about 48837 people. In the last few decades in these cities, with the increase in population, consumerism, and the change in people's eating habits, the increase in the consumption of packaged materials along with the imitation of people's consumption pattern has caused an increase in the production of a large amount of waste. Despite this problem, there is still no proper way to dispose of waste in these cities. The purpose of this research was to locate landfill centers based on ANP network analysis process model and Boolean logic in GIS environment by using the opinions of expert experts in the form of pairwise comparison questionnaires and descriptive-analytical method.Material and methods: In this research, in order to select landfill centers due to the complexity of the influencing factors, the necessity of using geographic information technologies (GIS) and its integration with other management and planning matters has been proposed; Therefore, in this research, ARC GIS software has been used to create databases, spatial analysis and superimposition of information layers, as well as ANP model and Super Decision software to calculate criteria weight and Boolean logic model.Results and discussion: In this research, 17 layers of information include; Surface water resources, slope, city and village areas, protected areas, fault, soil, road network, litology, land use, erosion, NDVI, dem, climate, land side, dam, aspect Then, in the network analysis process model, Super Decision software was used to apply weights for each of the criteria, and in the ArcGIS environment, the information layers were combined with the final weight, and the value of each cell was determined in the final map. The area of 369221 hectares was divided into four categories: unsuitable 174720 hectares, relatively unsuitable 146677 hectares, suitable 42670 hectares and completely suitable 5154 hectares in terms of landfill location, and in Bolin logic, the estimated area of unsuitable 365457 hectares and suitable 3938 hectares for landfill location Garbage detected. Finally, due to the closeness of the areas to each other, the final maps of both models were overlapped, and after merging the locations of 2679 hectares, a suitable location was determined, which covers 73 percent of the suitable areas of the Boleyn model.Conclusion: The comparative analysis of the results shows that finally, in the ANP model, only 1.4 percent of the area of the area is completely suitable, and in the Boleyn model, 1.2 percent of the area of the area has optimal conditions for the landfill. One of the most important achievements from the results of this research is the use of a completely suitable place and the final result of the map from this research.

The stability of waste Dumps is a significant and at times critical issue in the development of surface mines. Due to insufficient space for waste disposal, environmental concerns, and various other factors, Mine No. 4 at Golgohar Sirjan is not capable of establishing a new waste Dump. Given the existing limitations of the mine, the investigation has focused on increasing the Dump capacity through the implementation of benches. In this research work, the stability of the waste Dump has been investigated using the limit equilibrium method with the Slide3D software, along with a Monte Carlo simulation approach for probabilistic analysis. The results obtained from these methods have been compared with each other. The acceptable safety factor considered for this assessment ranges from 1.15 to 1.2. By adding benches to the eastern waste Dump of the mine, a displaced volume equivalent to 36,715.565 cubic meters has been added to the capacity. The constructed model is based on the topography of the area, with dimensions of 1850 meters in length, 1750 meters in width, and 160 meters in height. The results indicate that the safety factor of the waste Dump has been calculated as follows using the Spencer, Janbu, and Bishop methods respectively: 1.26, 1.199, and 1.226. Mine No. 4 needs to extract 983.58 million tons of waste to produce 73 million tons of iron ore. In total, by discharging 428 million tons of waste in the northeastern and eastern Dumps and adding a bench, a volume of 555.571 million tons of waste is available for disposing of the remaining waste. Considering the remaining waste volume, space must be allocated for waste disposal to Mine No. 4.

In this article, the authors explain their experience in designing and building a heat capacitor wall by making use of indissoluble and permanent Garbage, e.g. plastic bottles. The result is a more-or-Iess light weight wall made of bottles filled with water. The bottles are sandwiched between two layers of translucent polycarbonate sheets as the external surface, and an opaque fireproof layer? s the internal one. A thick cotton screen with a reflective face is used to prevent heat loss during cold and heat gain during warm seasons. The wall is structurally self-supporting and is very effective as heat and sound isolator.

Introduction: In Julia Kristeva’s conception of the abject, anything that falls outside the normativity of a dominant system is dubbed as repulsive and deplorable. Abject subjects are the subjects who are rejected by society because of their heterogeneity; ironically, sometimes they resort to crime to get back into the society, but the transgression usually lead to further exclusion and abjection. The present research endeavors to trace and comment on the manifestations of Kristeva’s notion of abjection in Gholam Hossein Saedi’s The Dump (1966) and realize how certain characters of the narrative are abjectified and how they respond to their sense of abjection. Background Studies: There have been only a few studies on Saedi’s The Dump and most of the relevant critical surveys have tried to expose its realistic and naturalistic overtones. In their “Psychological Analysis of Characters of Three Stories from Gholam Hosein Sâedi (Beggar, Destitute, and Garbage Can) According to Karen Horney’s Theory,” Jalil Shakery Jalil and Behnaz Bakhshi focus on social and psychological issues and discuss the detrimental effects of poverty on the life of a number of Saedi’s characters. In her “A Comparison between the Story of Ashghalduni (Dustbin) and the Adapted Movie Dayere-Ye Mina (The Cycle),” Zahra Hayati adopts a sociological critical approach and probes into the impacts of trauma in Saedi’s selected works. In “A Criminological-Victimological Analysis on ‘Dump’ (‘Ashghaldooni’): A Long Symbolic Story by Gholam Hossein Saa’edi,” Mehrdad Rayejian Asli and Ali Molabeigi deal with notions such as delinquency and felony in Saedi’s The Dump, focusing on the close relation between literature and criminology and the formation of identity in light of social interactions. In their “The Visual Capabilities of Gholam Hossein Saedi’s Grave and Cradle in Iranian Cinema,” Fataneh Ghajaghi et al. have delved into the prevalence of social ills and evils in Saedi’s works and inspected the role they play in his characters’ identity crisis.Methodology and Discussion: The present study draws upon Julia Kristeva’s theory of abjection, formulated in her seminal book Powers of Terror: An Essay on Abjection (1982). Abjection blends such notions as power dynamics, linguistics, sociology, and psychoanalysis, and by emphasizing the role of the mother’s body in the formation of the subject’s identity, it also uses feminist concepts and criticizes oppression and patriarchy. This research analyzes the relationship among the society, characters, and language with what is defined and treated as abject in Saedi’s The Dump, highlighting the conflicts between the semiotic and the symbolic in the social context.Conclusion: This Kristevean reading of Saedi’s The Dump reveals that the major characters of the novel are all abjectified by the dominant power dynamics and social normativity. They are marginalized and reduced to non-citizens since they simply cannot climb the social ladder and purge themselves of their socially-imposed manifestations of abjection. Although they are driven by such innate stimuli as instincts of survival and life-force, they fail to return to the security and purity of the symbolic stage (chora or the semiotic space) and all their desperate attempts push them more deeply into depravity and abjection. They even resort to conformity and abject objects, jobs, and lifestyles, but again, what they end up with is nothing but exclusion and alienation. It can be argued that in Saedi’s The Dump, the society as a whole is a Dump and the characters of the novel are its abject and foul-smelling Garbage. Keywords: Abject, Semiotic Order, Symbolic Order, Kristeva, Saedi, The Dump