Symbiotic relationship has been found between endophytic fungi and most cool-season grasses including 80 genera and 100 species of subfamily Pooideae. In this relation, endophytic fungi gain their food and energy from host plants and instead improve host characteristics such as yield and render plants resistant to dense grazing and biotic and abiotic stresses. This effects induced from endophytic fungi can increase net production and stability in ecosystem. Results of studies conducted in past years by authors in tall fescue showed that endophytic fungi improve phenotypic characteristics of plants under stress and non-stress environments. That includes increase of root biomass, tiller number, crown depth and forage yield. Conferred traits are generally through production of some bioactive compounds that can affect ecosystem maintenance. Other studies showed that occurrence of stress environment may cause more superiority of endophyte - infected plants than endophyte-free versions and extensive prevalence of plants containing endophyte may be predictable in the future. Research strategies at present and in future, are better conception of host- endophyte genetic interactions and transfer of this symbiosis to other forage plants.

Natural resources are background for human life and stable economic development, and have direct and indirect benefits for people, for example: forage production, conservation of soil and water, wildlife habitat, promenade region, pharmaceutical and reservoir substances production from kinds of plant species. Since ranching is most important style for beneficiary from GRASSLAND in Iran, thus government for GRASSLAND maintenance and optimal and permanent beneficiary from this source, these places were assigned to GRASSLAND owners in form of pasture plans. In this study, with direct field measuring, effect of these pasture plans in situation of GRASSLAND production, and cost and benefit ranching related to GRASSLAND are measured and calculated. Finally, with data analysis, practical proposal for economic strengthening of GRASSLAND owners are offered. In this ranching system, 75percent of live stock forage are provided from resources other than graze. In normal method of ranching in GRASSLAND, net income for every live stock is very low. Generally, in these pasture plans, delay grassing, GRASSLAND rehabilitation and other operations are increased production of GRASSLAND forage, and consequently the same amount, will decrease cost of livestock feed.