Some castles are called DAUGHTERS’ castle. There are two main points about the reasons to choose this name. First, because of the difficulty of access and the impossibility of siege, they are called like this. In addition, this name indicates the attribution of these places in ancient times to ancient goddesses such as Anahita. The recent commentary on the tendency of contemporary Iranians to recognize ancient themes in monuments and works of art have become relatively popular and have thus influenced the identification of the origin of some sacred places, such as the sanctuaries of Zoroastrian mosques and Muslim. This article assesses the historical validity of these two points of view and suggests that this designation is not related to the complication of the claimed castles or the ancient Iranian religion. This article shows that the denomination of these castles is as a result of the people's fantasy and uses the treasure of folk tales. Their common theme is the presence of a girl in the castle. The types of folk tales associated with the naming of the castles of girls are presented in this article.

Puberty is a biological, complex and a social constract phenomena which is experienced diffently among girls. DAUGHTERS with Single Fathers can have a different experience of puberty. This issue can be related to the quality of the father's and other family members' interaction with the girl's puberty. In the absence of mothers, DAUGHTERS of Single Fathers have several problems. They don’t have a clue and a pattern of female for a successful passage through puberty. The main question of the current research is to explore the experience of puberty among DAUGHTERS of Single Fathers. For this purpose, the challenges of the health behaviors of these groups’ DAUGHTERS during menstruation, their understanding of puberty and their experience about the subject were also studied under the main objective. This is a qualitative study that was conducted in 2022-2023 in Yazd. The participants are 10 girls aged 13-16 from Yazd who have lived with their father for more than 6 months. Sampling was done purposefully in schools. The participants cooperated with us voluntarily, in order to achieve maximum diversity, the samples were selected from different schools. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews in the teachers’ room. Using thematic analysis method for data analysis. Using the theme analysis method, the patterns and themes in the qualitative data were identified. The explored themes of the research showed that puberty and its experience among the DAUGHTERS under fathers’ custody is a masculine thing which is related to the way the father behaves. The experience of puberty is closely related to the father's behavior. This means that the father's attitude and behavior in this field can bring different experiences for the participants. Fathers who try to understand the issue correctly and accept it and are in line to support their daughter, help a lot to accept the issue in their youth. Unlike those fathers who are indifferent to the issue and neglect it, he has turned puberty into a problematic phenomenon in which the girl experiences a sense of shame and secrecy, and in some cases, a decrease in self-confidence and disgust from this natural phenomenon. The three themes which explored are: supportive father, neglectful father and problematic puberty. The experience of puberty among girls with fathers’ custody is more related to the father's point of view and the role of fatherhood. This shows that in these cases puberty experience is more social than biological. In fact, the girl's puberty experience is a social, masculine and paternal thing that is related with social and cultural values. The problematization of puberty and menstruation in families where the mother is not present and the society is taboo is more, which is the result of lack of knowledge about the natural mechanism of the body, necessary care during menstruation, etc. It is suggested that due to the expansion of single-parent families especially fathers, education about puberty and menstrual health should be promoted in schools, educational booklets for girls and fathers about menstruation should be published, and open and honest communication between fathers and DAUGHTERS should be encouraged.

The purpose of the present study was to predict the degree of daughter’s self-differentiation from mothers’ self-differentiation. For this purpose, 157 students from Islamic Azad University of Gachsaran randomly selected responded the self-differentiation questionnaire. Data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The results showed that there is a positive significant correlation among mothers and DAUGHTERS’ self-differentiation and its subscales such as emotional reaction, emotional cutoff, fusion with others, and I position. Also, self-differentiation and its subscales such as emotional reaction, emotional cutoff, fusion with others, and I position in the mothers are able to predict these variables in their DAUGHTERS.

Background: Adolescence is a very troublesome period involving many physical, sexual and psychological changes. Therefore, researchers naintain that adolescents need to make a good relationship with their parents and particually their mothers to adapt to the changes at this age and be compatible with them. Hence, this study aimed to determine the mothers and their teenage DAUGHTERS'perspectives on the relationship between them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 168 mothers and 13-15 year-old DAUGHTERS who were provided with health services by health centers in Gorgan. The samples were selected randomly and had the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through a valid and reliable questionnaire of "general discussion between mother and daughter". Data were also analyzed using Chi-square and independent t-test at a significant level of 0. 05 by SPSS 16. Results: The mean score of general conversation between mother and daughter was 55. 95 (74-38) from the mothers’ perspective, and 52. 30 (76-25) from the DAUGHTERS' viewpoint. The difference between the two perspectives was significant (p-value<0. 001). In addition, no significant difference was observed between the mothers and DAUGHTERS’ perspectives on the number of communications with DAUGHTERS, the feeling of closness to parents, and the responsibility to educate them. Conclusion: The difference in the scores assigned to the general discussion between mother and daughter of their perspectives indicates the need for interventions aiming at increasing their communication skills to maintain and improve the girls’ health.

Background: Ability to analyze information and make effective decisions in life develops through learning. Considering the role of mothers in teaching learning principles to their children, the present study was conducted to determine the impact of self-efficacy training for mothers on their DAUGHTERS’ critical thinking.  Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 80 mothers (40 in each group) of first-grade high school girls in Esfarayen, Iran, in 2023. The sampling method was multi-stage randomization. The data collection tools included the Ricketts’ critical thinking questionnaire and Morris’ self-efficacy questionnaire. Educational sessions consisted of five 50-minute sessions held at school through group discussions, brainstorming, and Q &A sessions for the intervention group (mothers). Then, the questionnaires were completed by their DAUGHTERS before educating mothers, immediately after educating them, and three months later. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 26 using the Mann-Whitney U test, Friedman test, and chi-square test. The level of significance in all tests was set at P<0.05.  Results: The mean age of mothers in the intervention group was 36.5±6.3 years, while in the control group, it was 34.7±6.2 years. The mean age of students in the intervention group was 14.5±5.37 years, while in the control group, it was 14.37±5.57 years. The critical thinking score and the total score of self-efficacy immediately and three months after the intervention had a significant increase in both groups compared to before the intervention (P<0.05). The intervention and control groups had statistically significant differences in terms of the mean scores of critical thinking and self-efficacy over time (P<0.05).  Conclusion: Teaching mothers based on the self-efficacy theory successfully improved the critical thinking skills of their DAUGHTERS. Therefore, it is recommended that education policymakers use this theory to implement comprehensive educational programs for parents to improve life skills, including critical thinking skills of their children.

Cultural authorities expressed, by these social mutations and increase of literacy level it's expected that book, film, literature and other cultural products demand will increase, so using cultural products is the aim of our country planners. Therefore, The aim of this study is to consider the difference of cultural consumption of mothers and DAUGHTERS in Yazd and then consider its affected social factors by using Bordia and Engelhard theories. This study used sectional measurement and questionnaire to collect information. The subjects were 384 women 15-75 years old (192 mothers and their single daughter) of Yazd that were selected by two-phase sampling to complete questionnaire. The results show a significant difference between mothers and daughter's cultural consumption The results of regression analysis show that generation and cultural capital explain 14 percent of changes in cultural consumption. It seems that cultural consumption in mothers towards medicore-elite cultural pattern and in DAUGHTERS towards medicore-mass cultural pattern.

Al-Lat, al-Uzza, and Manat are among the Arabian ideas which are mentioned in the Quran and which, throughout history, have been studied by many scholars. While the common idea is that these goddesses are “ DAUGHTERS of Allah” or “ Banat Allah, ” in the vast majority of the early Islamic sources, such a identifiation is not attributed to them and even the DAUGHTERS of Allah have mostly been specified as angels. This study examines the nature of these goddesses and their relationship with the idea of "DAUGHTERS of Allah". Considering pre-Quranic sources as well as the verses of the Quran, this study conducts a critical reading of the early Islamic literature. The most important questions are as follows: who are alLat, al-Uzza, and Manat? How are they introduced in pre-Quranic sources, the Quran, and the early Islamic sources? What is the relationship between these Arabian goddesses and the idea of "DAUGHTERS of Allah" in each of these sources? And how these sources help us to understand the nature of these deities? The findings of this study indicate that although the Arabian goddesses are not referred to as "DAUGHTERS of Allah" in the Quran and preQuranic sources, given the contradictions and differences in the early Muslims Material, this belief can be considered possible among pre-Islamic Arabs.

2One of the emerging issues in Iranian society is the disruption in the process of childhood and children's socialization. Previously, children actively acquired the necessary training to participate in society through interaction with family members and later with peers. But currently, the unwanted isolation of children and their deprivation of interaction with children in the neighborhood is obvious. A major part of this problem is rooted in the changes in the physical conditions of the city and consequently the removal of neighborhood and local relations. Disruption in the process of childhood and children's socialization starts from the time when the developments of urban have practically destroyed the field of interactions that was once a place of children's play and interactions. A problem that has caused the de-childization of the city and the gradual driving of children to their homes and their unwanted isolation. This process has finally caused a difference in the world of children of two generations (parents and friends). Considering the importance of the issue, the present research has studied this issue with a qualitative study using the phenomenological method. In this research, the lived experience of 30 mothers and DAUGHTERS in three neighborhoods of Tehran (5, 7, 16) has been studied phenomenologically؛ Mothers and DAUGHTERS who spent their childhood in the same neighborhood but had a different childhood experience. The results of this research show that due to physical changes in the city, social interactions and the lived experience of mothers and DAUGHTERS have experienced many differences. The differences that appear in upbringing and finally the different personality of mothers and DAUGHTERS. The results of this research also show that, unlike mothers, girls of the new generation (5 to 12 years old) often tend to be isolated and their hobbies are more passive.