By using Berwald connection, we show that there are linear connections Ñ which are projectively equivalent and belong to the same projective structure on TM. We found a condition for the geodesics of the Berwald connection under which Ñ is complete.

Fixity of column base connection plays a major role in overall behavior of steel structures. Several parameters influence the real behavior of the column base connections, among them base plate thickness, anchor bolts and stiffeners details can be mentioned. A nonlinear three dimensional finite element method has been utilized for numerical studying of the behavior of the column base connection. Thickness of the base plate and stiffeners and also sizes and numbers of the anchor bolts were changed in a number of models to determine their effects on the nonlinear behavior of the regular column base connection. It was observed that column base connection characteristics such as its moment-rotation behavior, yielding pattern of base plate and anchor bolts and local stress concentration of the connection elements can be significantly affected by changing any detail of the connecting elements. The effects of each parameter on the behavior of column base connection were categorized and presented in this paper.

In an editorial entitled ‘Time to Connect’, the editors of the magazine Nature1 extended an invitation to Iranian scientists to connect with their western counterparts in various scientific fields in a spirit of cooperation. The subject alluded to in that article concerned Iran’s nuclear energy program, which is so charged by political issues on both sides that I am sure they had little response from Iranian scientists in that respect. We Iranians fully realize that we are considered a pariah state and are thus ostracized by the international community as they rightly mentioned in their editorial. It is unfortunate that in this light, all our historical achievements in science, poetry, or statesmanship are ignored and mocked with historically incorrect depictions….

Numerous steel moment-resisting connections failed by brittle fracture during the Northridge earthquake. Sideplate connection uses a pair of parallel full-depth side plates to connect the beam to the column. The beam never touches the column. The physical separation between beam and column eliminates the peaked triaxial stress concentration. Fifteen 3D finite element models were developed to represent the nonlinear behavior of sideplate connections. The results indicate that this connection type has sufficient stiffness, strength and ductility to classify it as rigid, full-strength, ductile connection.