Background and Objective: The age-related cataract is a leading cause of vision loss, and cataract surgery is the most common intraocular surgery. Patients with cataracts may develop mild cognitive impairment due to blurred vision and vision problems. In this regard, the improvement of vision after cataract surgery may affect their cognitive function. Materials and Methods: This CROSS-SECTIONAL descriptive study was conducted on 32 patients aged 40-60 years who were referred to the ophthalmology clinic of Farshchian Hospital in Hamadan with a diagnosis of bilateral cataracts within 2019-2020. Cognitive function was assessed in patients with Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE) test and clock-drawing test before and after ocular cataract surgery. Patient data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16) using paired t-test at a 95% confidence level. Results: The mean age of patients was 53. 91± 4. 51 years, and the majority of them (62. 5%)were male. Before and after cataract surgery, the mean scores of the MMSE test were 25. 09± 3. 25 and 26. 19± 2. 69, and the mean scores of the clock-drawing test were reported as 3. 34± 1. 49 and 3. 72± 1. 32 (P=0. 001). Based on the MMSE and clock-drawing test, 54. 4% and 65. 6% of patients, respectively, had improved cognitive function, as compared to before the surgery. Conclusions: Cognitive function in patients with cataracts was significantly improved by cataract surgery.

Introduction: Oxygen therapy, if done correctly, can save patients’,life promptly. However, improper use will be just as dangerous. The present study aimed to investigate the level of nurses’,knowledge on properly using oxygen. Methods: This was a CROSS-SECTIONAL study with a minimum sample size of 72 nurses who were randomly selected from various wards of Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, Iran. To determine the level of knowledge about oxygen therapy, a questionnaire was used to collect data. This questionnaire consists of seven items, each of which is designed to determine the level of the individual’, s knowledge about the various details of oxygen therapy. Results: Seventy-eight nurses with the mean age of 35. 80±, 7. 42 years participated in the study (87% female). The mean knowledge score of nurses regarding oxygen therapy was 8. 89 ±,2. 79 out of 16 points. 84. 6% of the nurses were able to differentiate various types of oxygen masks. Accordingly, 94. 9% of nurses had good knowledge on oxygen humidifi, cation. Also, 50% of the nurses had suffi, cient knowledge about the amount of oxygen fl, ow produced by different masks. 10. 3% of the nurses could choose the most appropriate mask for different clinical conditions. 6. 4% of the nurses had knowledge of working with fl, owmeters, and 15. 4% of the nurses had suffi, cient information about the maximum level of oxygen required for the patient. 17. 9% of the nurses were familiar with measuring the appropriate amount of oxygen for patients. There was no statistically signifi, cant relationship between age (p = 0. 57), gender (p = 0. 09), employment status (p = 0. 38), workplace (p = 0. 86), current position (p = 0. 11), degree (p = 0. 27), and graduation time (p = 0. 58) of nurses with good knowledge of using oxygen. However, a statistically signifi, cant relationship was reported between nurses’,related work experience and their knowledge of the proper use of oxygen (p = 0. 03). Conclusion: In general, the nurses’,knowledge at Masih Daneshvari Hospital on how to properly use oxygen is at a moderate level. Nurses’,knowledge in some areas, such as working with the fl, owmeter, choosing the suitable mask for specifi, c clinical conditions, and the maximum oxygen required for patients, is meager and requires training intervention.

Background & aim: Government of Ethiopia is promoting institutional delivery despite the fact that there are a high number of home deliveries in the country mainly in hard-to-reach areas. Choice of institutional delivery is vital for the reduction of maternal and neonatal mortalities. The present study aimed to investigate the determinants of institutional delivery in Ethiopia. Methods: This CROSS-SECTIONAL survey was conducted on 11023 women (age range: 15-49 years) who delivered in the preceding five years before the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey in Ethiopia from January 18, 2016 to June 27, 2016. The primary outcome variable was institutional delivery. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 20). The multivariate logistic regression was used to identify variables that had a significant association with institutional delivery (P<0. 05). Results: Institutional delivery was 4. 36 times higher in women with secondary education (OR: 4. 36; 95% CI: 3. 12-6. 09). In addition, it was threefold higher among the subjects who were the residents of urban areas (OR: 3. 26; 95% CI: 2. 19-4. 35). Institutional delivery was higher among women who had antenatal care (ANC) visits (OR: 1. 81; 95% CI: 1. 58-2. 07) and watched television at least once a week (0R: 1. 90; 95% CI: 1. 35-2. 66). Based on the wealth index, the wealthiest subjects were 2. 61 times more likely to deliver in health institutions (OR: 2. 61; 95% CI: 1. 95-3. 50). Conclusion: Having higher educational levels, being wealthy, residing in urban areas, having ANC visits at least once, and watching television at least once a weak were considered as important determinants for the choice of institutional delivery.

Introduction: In India, only 56. 3% of children between one to two years of age have received full immunization. In some area, despite of good health care delivery system, immunization coverage is not reaching up to the mark due to some unaddressed issues. Therefore, identification of these determinants will help to improve the immunization status of each child. Methods: Community-based CROSS-SECTIONAL study was conducted in the field practice area of the Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) affiliated to the medical college in Maharashtra, India. The sample of 350 participants was taken from 19 villages in the rural area and 17 administrative wards in the urban area by ‘ Probability Proportional to population Size’ method. All married women in 15-49 years of age, having child in the age group 13-24 months were included in the study. Results: 83. 71% children were fully immunized while remaining 16. 29% were either partially or unimmunized. The dropout rate for measles compared to BCG was 16. 3%. Main reasons for partial and un-immunization were lack of information and forgotten about the date. Occupation of mother, family type, parity, place of delivery and knowledge of immunization were significantly associated with immunization status of child. Conclusions: The determinants of immunization coverage if studied locally will help the programme managers to implement programme effectively to increase the overall coverage.

Background: Linear skin eruptions are commonly encountered in dermatology practice. They may be the manifestations of various skin diseases resembling each other, leading to difficulty in diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to document linear dermatoses and analyze them demographically, clinically, and etiologically in order to facilitate diagnosis. Methods: A CROSS-SECTIONAL study was conducted on 100 patients presenting with linear skin eruptions to a tertiary care center’, s dermatology outpatient/inpatient department over two years (2016 to 2018). These patients were evaluated and classified after clinico-etiological correlation into several subgroups of acquired and congenital linear skin eruptions. Results: The major etiological group encountered was acquired dermatoses (79%), followed by nevoid/congenital dermatoses (21%). Among acquired dermatoses, the majority belonged to the papulosquamous group (33%), mostly lichen striatus cases years in the acquired and papulosquamous groups, respectively (P = 0. 001). In nevoid/congenital dermatoses, linear verrucous epidermal nevus was the predominant group (10%). We also attempted to find correlations with variables like gender, duration of symptoms, and distribution,however, there was no statistically significant correlation. Among other causes, 56% had the Blaschkoid distribution (P = 0. 007). Conclusion: This novel study attempted a comprehensive clinicoetiological compilation of linear skin eruptions by analyzing many variables and risk factors. It documents some uncommon dermatoses that occasionally present with linear configuration and need to be considered in the differential diagnoses.