Satellite CONSTELLATIONS are the new approach to achieve the capabilities that were previously expected from large and complex satellites. This paper reviews activities and related satellite constellation of about 130 companies and research institutes in the world, with the aim of reviewing the approach of missions carried out under the name of satellite constellation. Based on the investigations, the main missions performed by these CONSTELLATIONS have been with the aim of providing communication services and include 27% of all missions ((Including internet of Things with a 16% and Machine to Machine Services with a 6%) Another important mission is Earth Observation (with 19%), which is carried out with the aim of continuous monitoring and beter management of the earth planet.The most favorite configuration in CONSTELLATIONS is based on microsatellites with 42% of all configurations. In this article, by presenting the analysis and results of this studied sample, the tendency towards satellite CONSTELLATIONS and the role of Cubesats in this category of space missions have been investigated. The aim of this reseach is to highlight the impact of theses space systems in the space industry and economy by providing Solutions based on CONSTELLATIONS. Results discuss the Future of CONSTELLATIONS and Cubesats and their common effect on New Space both in Space Industry Level and Space Economy. This review may help researchers to work on similar studies with business approaches, too

Satellite CONSTELLATIONS consist of similar satellites distributed in a specific orbital pattern to accomplish a joint mission. They are commonly used for global telecommunications, positioning, and remote sensing missions. This article utilizes a scientometric approach to analyze the structure and scientific mapping of "satellite CONSTELLATIONS" worldwide, focusing on two leading countries: the United States and China. Additionally, a comparison is made between the United States, China, and global research outputs.The research encompasses all scientific documents in the "satellite CONSTELLATIONS" field indexed in the Scopus database from 1969 to 2023. Knowledge maps (thematic subfields) and international cooperation maps are generated using Bibexcel and VOSviewer software. The number of documents published in this period includes 14,346 globally, with 3,738 from the United States and 3,369 from China.The findings reveal that the United States, China, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom are leaders in this field. The trend of scientific production in this area is increasing globally, indicating its importance and attractiveness. Conference papers constitute the most significant number of publications worldwide and in the United States, whereas, in China, most documents are journal articles. The top scientific production institutions globally include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the German Aerospace Center, Wuhan University, and the European Space Research and Technology Centre.

Recent advancements in space technology have sparked significant interest in small satellite CONSTELLATIONS, primarily due to their reduced costs, quicker development cycles, and improved capabilities. Although the costs associated with launching these satellites remain high, innovative strategies are emerging that offer alternatives to conventional deployment methods for positioning CONSTELLATIONS in their designated orbits. These deployment strategies can be broadly categorized into two types: direct and indirect. This paper explores an indirect deployment method that utilizes Earth's oblateness perturbation alongside the satellite's propulsion subsystem to position satellites across multiple orbital planes. The method has been rigorously simulated and analyzed in the context of two operational satellite CONSTELLATIONS, each serving distinct purposes—remote sensing and global internet provision. Furthermore, a comprehensive launch and deployment strategy has been developed and applied to a regional satellite navigation system, consisting of 130 satellites designed to serve Iran. This approach emphasizes the influence of Earth's shape on satellite orbits to optimize deployment efficiency. The analysis focuses on key parameters such as the time required for deployment and the necessary change in velocity (ΔV). The study demonstrates how leveraging the natural nodal precession caused by Earth's oblateness can significantly enhance the deployment process, reducing fuel consumption and operational costs. This approach presents a promising alternative for future satellite constellation deployments, offering both economic and technical advantages.

Celestial CONSTELLATIONS have always been discussed and researched by astronomers due to their role in determining time and some astronomical calculations. In terms of guidance, the Holy Qur'an clearly mentions CONSTELLATIONS in three verses, and a surah is also known by the same name. This heavenly book considers the decoration of the sky with CONSTELLATIONS as a sign of divine power. The main questions of this research are what is the external example of the Quranic CONSTELLATIONS and what are the commonalities and differences between the Quranic and astronomical CONSTELLATIONS? The origin of these questions is the proposal of various interpretive views presented by the thinkers. Using the method of interdisciplinary studies and the description and analysis of intra-Qur'anic and extra-Qur'anic evidences show that the meaning of the constellation in this holy text can be the same common term among astronomers, that is, the twelve sets of stars that are known by special names that have been noticed because of their beauty and probably their role in human life. Another similarity between the Qur'anic and astronomical CONSTELLATIONS, which shows the sameness of the two, is their materiality, beauty, and adornment, and their location in the sky near the earth. On the other hand, the towers and heavenly buildings that are introduced as examples of the zodiac in some interpretations, due to the lack of definitive proofs and the lack of discovery of such buildings so far, can only be presented as a possibility in the interpretation of these verses.

One of the serious issues of spatial planning is to determine planning regions at different levels and on different scales. Hence, in most cases, the boundaries of administrative units or even their composition are the basis for measures. It can be argued that the fundamental problem arises when the question of planning is raised at the micro and lower levels of the provinces and districts, in the formal sub-regions and areas. The concept of the "constellation" has emerged in recent years as an alternative to these small levels of spatial planning, which represents the "district" unit. The key question in this regard is to what extent does the delimitation of the administrative divisions, which are often based on political considerations, conform to the requirements of planning? And can these units be considered as "functional regions"? In this context, this paper attempts to study these issues by considering the District Zia-Abad of Qazvin as a case study, while investigating these problems, using qualitative methods of discussion and relying on the “ structural-functional dynamics” approach, to identify the opportunities and barriers to the formation of functional regions at the micro level, and the effectiveness of this level of space arena in the form of such administrative subdivisions. The results of the study show that the efficiency of CONSTELLATIONS as functional regions depends not only on the deliberation of subdivisions, but also on the modification of infrastructure, the associated investments and effective support in the allocation of facilities and credits, the proper condition for the interaction and the functionality of existing settlements at the constellation level

Designs over Islamic pottery are1 among the most beautiful and yet so full of mystery decorative motifs of Islamic art that represent various aspects of past people, s lives. Interpretation of meanings and concepts behind these seemingly ordinary motifs requires knowledge from various sources that influence their use, including mysticism, astronomy, literature, etc. The important point in the interpretation of these motifs is attention to the lack of purely decorative or aesthetic use of motifs. The present study is an attempt to establish a connection with some of these beautiful designs and decipher their meanings. As we know astronomy had importance for various religious and nonreligious reasons in the Islamic period and obviously potters couldn, t ignore that for attracting more customers and were encouragedto apply astronomical signs. Obviously identification of different kinds of theses motifs can show us condition and amount of relation between pottery art with other life aspects of people, especially scientific or even superstitious ones. In this way main decorative characteristics and most important factors of application and concepts of astronomical motifs, especiallyindividual CONSTELLATIONS in many of typical potteries with these motifs from early Islamic period until Safavid period, havebeen discussed and analyzed. The objective of the study, besides the classification of all the types of CONSTELLATIONS depicted on Islamic-era potteries and their qualities, is the extent of their compliance with the examples in the book of Sovarolkavakib. The research method is descriptive-analyticalwith a comparative approach. Statistical population is consisted of elevensignificant examples of Islamic-era pottery wares with CONSTELLATIONS motifs, selected from different books or museums and after detecting their period of making and method of decoration, their astronomical concepts have been compared with astronomical designs of the book of SovarolkavakibAlsufi. Based on the findings of the research, CONSTELLATIONS motifs on the Islamic potteries have a vast variety and with regard to the more emphasized focus of the potters on decorative factors, they have been changed depending on the artisans’ tastes and aren’ t completely similar to CONSTELLATIONS examples in astronomy manuscripts.