Introduction: Exchange transfusion (ET) is an effective mode of therapy in the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia, but is associated with some COMPLICATIONs in 5-10% of the patients, especially in preterm newborns. The most important COMPLICATIONs following exchange transfusion are: Acidosis, thrombocytopenia, hypocalcemia, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia and transmitting infectious agents. This study aims to determine some COMPLICATIONs of exchange transfusion in neonatal hyperbilirueinemia in NICU of 22 Bahman 22nd Hospital in order to promote its safety and efficacy.Materials and Methods: In this study neonates with undergone exchange transfusion due to hyperbilirubinemia were evaluated over a period of 36 months in NICU of 22 Bahman 22nd Hospital from July 2005 to July 2008 in Mashhad. The questionnaires were completed according to the by patients’ data. The data were then and analyzed for statistical results.Results : Of the 28 neonates who entered the study, 3 required more than one ET. COMPLICATION of ET occurred in 24 neonates (85.7%).The most common COMPLICATIONs were being metabolic acidosis (67.9%) and thrombocytopenia (50%).Conclusion: In order to avoid COMPLICATIONs following exchange transfusion, it should be emphasized to have laboratory tests done. For instance, tests of platelet count and arterial blood gases are needed so that in cases of COMPLICATIONs, the available information can facilitate the treatment. They can be treated on time.

Background: Septoplasty is one of the most commonly performed operations with several COMPLICATIONs.Purpose: To categorize and demonstrate the probability of the occurrence of septoplasty COMPLICATIONs.Methods: Three hundred and twelve patients who underwent septoplasty in Loghman Hakim general hospital, Tehran, Iran, were followed up for 6 months and evaluated for probable post-operative COMPLICATIONs.Results: The most common COMPLICATION was remained deviation, which was observed in 26.2% of patients followed by synechiae and perforations. There was no case of serious and life threatening COMPLICATIONs.Conclusion: Septoplasty has both aesthetic and functional COMPLICATION. However, meticulous and careful surgery can prevent most of them.

Different reports about prevalence of eye COMPLICATIONs after the eclipse watching drew our attention to the fact that by using eclipse happening in Mordad 20th 1378 (1999) we can evaluate the presence of ocular COMPLICATIONs of watching solar eclipse. This prospective study was performed on patients who referred to the Shahrekord ophthalmologists following the solar eclipse for six months. Patients were examined by an ophthalmologist and a questionnaire was filled for each one. Our results showed that, mean age of patients was 20-45 years and in most cases eclipse-watching time was only a few moments. 55 cases didn't use nay filter for watching. All cases had signs and symptoms of keratitis. The most common symptoms were itching, tearing, photophobia, blurred vision and headache. 10 cases had central scotoma and 5 cases had metamorphoisia. 5 eyes had macular burn and visual loss about 2-4 lines of Snelen chart. After six-month F/U visual acuity returned to 20/30 in 4 eyes and 20/40 in one eye.

Besides its severe neurological injuries, spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) commonly causes cardiac COMPLICATIONs. These COMPLICATIONs could include three different aspects of cardiac diseases, that is, electrocardiographic abnormalities, myocardial injuries, and left ventricular dysfunction. These COMPLICATIONs not only may lead to misdiagnosis of SAH as myocardial infarction, but also it may complicate the management of SAH. In this review, we described all cardiac COMPLICATIONs during SAH and explained the appropriate monitoring and management of these problems.

Due to the large-scale reorganization of business processes and structures, as well as the changing world of industry, the concept of supply chain and its management has become particularly important. In this approach, organizations instead of having to have the best performance in all areas, can use the core capabilities of other organizations to optimize capabilities and increase their effectiveness and improve customer satisfaction. The concept of supply chain in the late 1980s It emerged and became widely used in the 1990s. Before that, terms like performance management were used instead of supply chain management. Accordingly, supply chain management is responsible for integrating organizational units throughout the supply chain and coordinating the flow of materials and information in order to meet customer demand and with the aim of improving the competitiveness of a complete supply chain. In other words, supply chain management is a set of approaches that are effectively used in integrating suppliers, producers, warehouses and distributors in order to produce and distribute goods in the required quantity and in the right place and at the right time. To minimize system costs in order to provide the required level of services. Rapid developments and changes have led organizations to research logistics and supply chain to overcome their uncertain environment. In this approach, all problems are important and effective action must be taken to solve them.