Conjugated Linoleic Acids (CLAs) are composed of positional and stereo isomers of octadecadienoate (18: 2). They are found in foods derived from ruminants (beef and lamb as well as dairy products from these sources). When a mixture of isomers is fed to experimental animals، chemically induced cancer، tumorogenesis in mammary gland، colon and skin is decreased. Mechanisms of inhibition of carcinogenesis may include reduction of cell proliferation، induction of apoptosis and alterations in the components of the cell cycle. In addition، CLAs modulate markers of immunity and also eicosanoid formation in numerous species as well as lipid metabolism and gene expression. It is likely that CLAs exert inhibitory properties in carcinogenesis via one or more of these pathways. This review will explain recent advances byexploring the putative mechanisms of reduction of carcinogenesis by CLAs.

This study carried out to investigate the effects of soybean fatty Acids and soybean calcium salt fatty Acids on broiler chicken performance, carcass yield, pancreas and abdominal fat percentage. A total of 500 commercial crossbred of Ross was examined in 5 treatments and arranged on a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replicates per each treatment. Twenty five chicks were placed in each pen. The experiment lasted for 49 days. Neither soybean fatty Acids nor soybean calcium salt fatty Acids were used during the experiment in the first treatment. In the second treatment, for starter, grower and finisher period 0, 2.5 and 5 percents of soybean fatty Acids were included respectively. During the third treatment 0, 2.5 and 5 percents of calcium salt fatty Acids were used respectively, but in the fourth treatment 2.5, 5 and 5 percents of soybean fatty Acids were used respectively, and in fifth treatment within the same period, 2.5, 5 and 5 percents of calcium salt fatty Acids were used respectively. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio during the whole rearing periods (P<0.05). The results also showed significant differences among all treatments for carcass yield as well as pancreas percentage (P<0.05), and the use of soybean fatty Acids and soybean calcium salt fatty Acids had no significant effects on abdominal fat. It can be concluded from the results that the use of soybean fatty Acids has precedence over calcium salt fatty Acids on broiler performance.

Comparison between protein contact maps is an essential component of proteomic research. Biological role of protein is derived from its third structure, any promotion in predicting protein structure shows its impact in drug design and the other biology's branches which are depended on understanding of proteins structure's internal connections. Protein contact map are simple presentation which construct a suitable framework to answer some important questions in this field. One of the difficulty of the presented contact maps up to now, is that they do not consider the role of residues in the contact map and also they cannot use in determining similarities of proteins. In this paper new generation of contact map is introduce which is more adaptable. They can show each mutation in protein and also they are very proper tools to determine proteins similarities. Based on these properties which are shown in the paper, they can be useful in many various application such as clustering amino Acids and pharmacology.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of Aphanothece halophytica microalgae on the fatty Acids and amino Acids composition of Artemia urmiana nauplius for 3 weeks. Cysts were hatched under identical standard conditions and the experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 1200000 of nauplius in 3 trial treatments and 3 replicates (n=100000 in each replicate) included: with 200 mL microalgae with 22 × 10 6 6 6 , 16× 10 and 13× 10 cell/mL respectively and control group (1g yeast per 10000 nauplius). The results showed that at the end of experiment, the highest EPA (3. 99± 0. 25%) and DHA (1. 44± 0. 02 %) was showed in treatments fed with 13× 10 6 cell/mL. Also, the highest Asp, Gli, Ser, Gly, His, Arg, Thr, Ala, Tyr, Val, Met, Ile, Leu and AA was shown in treatments fed with 13× 10 6 cell/mL which showed significant difference compared to other treatments (P<0. 05) Overall, the results of the present study revealed that A. urmiana nauplius fed with different levels of A. halophytica microalgae showed better fatty acid and amino acid composition than to control group, and use of 13× 10 6 cell/mL A. halophytica algae could suggest for A. urmiana nauplius.