Original chromosome observations including 29 species from 19 families are reported. Of these, the chromosome numbers, for 6 taxa including, Cirsium hygrophilum (Asteraceae), Matthiola longipetala subsp. Bicornis (Brassicaceae), Dianthus orientalis subsp. nassireddini (Caryophyllaceae), Phlomis bruguieri, Salvia leriifolia, Teucrium oliverianum (Lamiaceae) are new observations. Also, new tetraploid level of n=24 for Asyneuma amplexicaule (Campanulaceae) and new diploid level of n=9 for Euphorbia microsciadia (Euphorbiaceae) are reported here for the first time.  

The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of flora composition in the elevation profile of 937-2162m a. s. l. over 29 Km in the QezelOzan to the altitudes of Kosar county rangelands. Eight habitats and in each three 100 to 500m transects with 10 plots varied from 1 to 25 m2 were selected. Species were collected from the plots, and life forms, growth types and their geographical distribution and conservation were determined. Results show that 32 families, 101 genera and 146 species are distrbuted at the selected areas. Asteraceae families with 39 species (27%), Poaceae with 18 species (13%), Fabaceae with 13 species (9%), Astragalus with 8 species (48. 5%) and Centaurea with 5 species (42. 3%) are the most important elements of the flora. Spermatophyta with 1 species, ANGIOSPERMAE dicotyledoneae with 27 families, 82 genera and 124 species, and ANGIOSPERMAE monocotyledoneae have 4 families, 18 genera and 21 species. Respectively, the highest and lowest ratio of the family to the genera is at 1583-1683m 1: 3. 27 and 2139-2162m 1: 1. 92; the ratio of the family to the species is at 1583-1683m 1: 3. 91 and 1635-1677m 1: 2. 11; and ratio of the genera to the species is at 1568-1609m 1: 1. 30 and 937-965m 1: 1. 03. For bs with 105 species (72%) is the dominant growth type and trophytes with 62 species (43%) is the most abundant life form. Sixty nine species (47%) belong to the Iranian-Turanian region. Also, 14 native species of Iran, 8 low risk species and 2 vulnerable species are distributed at the study area.

Bashagard region with 1,563,319 hectars area located in the East of Bandar Abbas in Hormozgan Province in 57, to 58, 30’ E and 26, to 27, N. In this study 280 Plant species were collected and introduced. These species belong to 65 families (2 family of Pterodophyte, 2 family of ANGIOSPERMAE, 54 families of Dicotyledone and 7 families of Monocotyledone) and 196 genera. Among the recognized species, 22 species (7.8%) were endomic species of Iran. Compositae with 32 species, Papilionaceae with 30 species and Gramineae with 24 species are main families of this region. Studying the plants life forms by Raunkier method showed that Therophytes and Hemichryptophytes with 28 percent (80 species) of species are the most frequent life forms. Phanerophytes with 24 percent and Chamaephytes with 16 percent are other life forms. Geophytes with 3 percent (8 species) are less important. High percentage of Therophytes indicated that the area has dry and deserty climate. Investigation on geographical distribution of plants species showed that 30 percent (86 species) of species belong to Saharo- Sindian, 24 percent (67 species) to Irano-Touranian and 3 percent (9 species) to cosmic zones.

Bagheshad is a part of Khojir national park with 2310 hectars area. It is located in 22 kilometers far from east of Tehran in south of Haraz road. It"s geographical position is 35°36" 41"N to 35°39" 33" and 51°40" 29" and 51°46" 22"E.In this study 136 species were collected and these species belong to 36 famillies (2 famillies of ANGIOSPERMAE, 32 famillies of dicotyledonae and 2 famillies of monocotyledonae) and 104 genera. Of the species recognized, 26 species (%19.12) are endemic species ofIran. Asteraceae with 19.12, Papilionaceae with 13.21 and Lamiaceae with 9.56 percent are the main famillies of this area. Studying of plants life forms by Raunkiaar method showed that hemycryptophytes with 50.74 percent (69 species) of species are the most frequent life forms. High percentage of hemycryptophytes indicates that the area has cold mountain climate. Therophytes whit 20.69 and chamophytes whit 15.44 percent of species, are less important. Investigation on geographical distribution of plants species showed 85.29 percent (116 species) of the species belong to Irano- Touranian zone. Other species can be observed in other zone too. High percentage of Irano – Touranian elements can express this fact that this region belongs to Irano- Touranian zone.

Background & Aim: The Lamiaceae or Labiatae (commonly referred to as the mint or deadnettle family) are an exceedingly large and widespread of flowering plants (ANGIOSPERMAE). Most member of Lamiaceae plants are used in Iranian folk medicine as stimulant, antiseptic, aphrodisiac, stomachic, expectorant, carminative, anti-diarrheic and anti-bacterial. The aim of the present work was to obtain a better insight into the nature of essential oil.Experimental: The essences of three Lamiaceae species viz., Satureja macrantha C.A. Mey., Ziziphora persica Bunge, and Lavandula stoechas L. obtained by hydro-distillation method of flowers growing wild in the north of Iran. The study led to the identification of 67 components by a combination HP-5 GC-FID and GC-MS analytical techniques and the oil yields were 1.3 %, 1.64 %, and 1.16 % on fresh flowers, respectively.Results & Discussion: The chemical components of S. macrantha were found to contain mainly: Carvacrol (43.3 %), g-Terpinene (24.1 %) and p -Cymene (21.6 %). On the other hand the major oil components for Z. persica were Isopulegone (46.6 %), followed by p -mentha-1 (7), 8-diene (16.4 %), 1, 8-Cineole (7.0 %), Isomenthol (5.5 %) and Isoledene (3.3 %), accounting for 98.0 % of the total components. Camphor (61.5 %), 1, 8-Cineole (10.1 %), Fenchone (4.2 %) and Linalool (3.8 %) were found to be the major constituents of the oil of L. stoechas. The essential oils of S. macrantha, Z. persica, and L. stoechas were identified by much larger amount of monoterpenes (96.52 %, 89.31 %, and 93.49 %, respectively) and sesquiterpenes (1.87 %, 8.10 %, and 5.04 %, respectively).Industrial and practical recommendations: Based on the results of this study, the chemical variations of three volatile oils might be correlated with geographical regions and environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, interaction with other species and etc.) play a significant role in biosynthesis of the components of the oil.