Alsharawi's explanation of the sheikh Mohammed Motawli Alsharawi is one of the explanations that could be considered as a connecting point between a traditional and modern perspectives of explanation. The modern way of explanation is used by almost all the new analysts. Alsharawi tries to facilitate the meaning of Quranic Ayat And Sowar in a a way that makes the listener enjoyed and attracted to the talking. Using literary is the main point in Alsharawi's explanation. He bases his talking on portraying syntactic and rhetorical approaches in a distinctive way compared to other analysts. And that's why he used a lot of colloquial ADAGES in his explanation which are not used by others. From this point of view, this descriptive analytical study tries to study the place of colloquial ADAGES and their use in Alsharawi's explanation. We concluded that Alsharawi used ADAGES in three levels: a-decoding imagery. b-sying the causes. c-converting abstract concepts to concrete ones. All these reveals contractions and succinctness.

The first enormous and comprehensive dictionary on Persian ADAGES, Amsal o Hekam, compiled by the great contemporary scholar, AliAkbar Dehkhoda, in 1931, is known as the most reliable and thorough dictionary on Persian ADAGES. His work caught a lot of scholars’ and researchers’ attention after publication and brought rapture to literature enthusiasts in such a way that a lot of scholars were motivated to record ADAGES. Nevertheless, after the rapture subsided through the next years, some researchers explored different aspects of it and pointed out some of its deficiencies like: having some ADAGES about races as being superior to Iranian race, not having translations of Arabic ADAGES, lots of poems having no relevance to the ADAGES, containing unknown ADAGES, having no preface or introduction, and containing no lurid words and ADAGES. My attempt in this inquiry, titled as An Inquiry about the Deficiencies in the Book Of “Amsal o Hekam (ADAGES)”, is to study the views expressed on this precious work.

1- Introduction: ADAGES and aphorism, notwithstanding their differences, are considered to be the most veridical of literary tools, revealing nations’ internal and external mentalities. As the garnish of words along with a means of bolstering the power of argument, they have been prevalent in all literary eras and constitute one of the major, precious branches of literate and are credible documents of bygone customs, culture, and traditions, through which forebears’ thoughts and opinions together with their ways of reflection and mentalities can be laid bare. …

The first enormous and comprehensive dictionary on Persian ADAGES, Amsal-o-Hekam, compiled by the great contemporary scholar, Ali Akbar Dehkhoda, is known as the most reliable and complete dictionary on Persian ADAGES. His work caught the attention of many scholars and researches after publication and brought rapture to literature enthusiasts in such a way that many scholars were motivated to record ADAGES. Nevertheless, after the rapture subsided in the next years, some researchers explored the different aspects of this collection and pointed out some of its deficiencies, such as having some ADAGES about races as being superior to Iranian race, not having translations for Arabic ADAGES, containing unknown ADAGES, having no preface or introduction, and containing no obscene words and ADAGES. My attempt in this enquiry is to study the views expressed on this precious work.

Objective: Body parts constitute embodiment which is in and by itself an integral part of human cognition. The present research provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of body parts in Persian and English. The aim is two-fold: on the one hand, it provides a statistical analysis of how body parts act in the two languages, and, on the other hand, it presents a cultural cognitive inquiry into their similarities and differences.Method: The research is corpus-based accompanied by chi-square statistical analysis within cognitive metaphorizing. The corpora comprise two Persian and two English dictionaries of proverbs and ADAGES. The body parts are also limited to the ones in the 'head' domain.Results: Findings indicate that body part metaphors are fundamental in semantic extension, substantiating their target domains in both languages. However, the extensions in the two languages are both different in their types and in the linguistic mechanisms realizing them. The verbal element was found to be the most instrumental tool in the language of metaphorizing in both.Conclusion: Although body parts constitute a universal mechanism for semiosis, they act differently both in the types that signify and in the mechanisms realizing them between languages.

Islamic mysticism, thanks to the support of the rich Islamic culture, gradually developed into the most parts of the Middle East from the second century onward and encompassed the cultural, social, political, and literary aspects of the society. Studying the literature of the past, especially those of the sixth century onward, it’s very rare to find a literary work that is not influenced by Islamic mysticism. Lessening the religious dogmatism, promoting open-mindedness and bearing, trying to approximate religions, disregarding the seductive attractions of the world, and suchlike made the Iranian Islamic mysticism met the interest of the particular and the general. In some cases, misconducting behaviors of fakery mystics had the general public contest the mysticism. This study focuses on Mysticism and fake mysticism among folklore culture by considering words, expressions, ADAGES, and anecdotes. The role of mysticism in spurring the masses in the struggle against the oppressors as the positive effects of mysticism on folklore culture has been surveyed; fake mysticism and anti-mysticism factors are also investigated. The results of this research will help us better understand the Islamic mysticism and its manifestations in folklore culture.

Public literature or, in other words, folklore is one of the most abundant and opulent sources of Persian language. ADAGES and proverbs are considered as one of the most general and important branches in folkloric literature. Because some of these ADAGES were transferred orally to next generations and what was important mostly was the sarcastic remark in some of them, therefore their sarcastic aspect remained.But their literal and original meaning and also their spelling and alphabetical form have been distorted. One of these ADAGES “to teach teacher his lessons” has maintained its sarcastic aspect but its correct spelling and verbal form as well as its literal meaning have changed.On the basis of remained narratives of this adage and by emphasizing the evidences from Persian prose and verse texts, this article tries to retrieve the correct form and true meaning of this adage.

One of the manifestations of every culture is its folk literature, and one of the oldest examples of folk literature are ADAGES. ADAGES contain the thoughts, worldview and customs of every people and nation. Their origin is not definitely known, but over time, people choose an adage that is caused by an event, legend, myth, poem, etc., and change it to their own style. “Like the Daf have earrings in the ear” is one of the ADAGES recorded in proverbs book, and in this research, we investigated the background, the time period of changes and its application. First, we investigated the origin of ADAGES through descriptive-analytical methods and library studies, and then we searched for its history and the course of its use in various texts until the present day, and finally we found that the history of this adage goes back to at least the sixth century of Hijra which has been updated in poetry texts. It is believed that until the 6th century, it was a common adage that was attributed to the poetry of the poets of this century, or it was introduced into the folk literature from the poetry of the poets of this period, especially Khaqani Shervani, and it often emphasized that the Daf has been a servant, playing the role of a metaphor. However, with the changes in social conditions in the present era and the change in the public attitude towards music and the Daf instrument, it has progressed towards destruction.

Abu' l-Ma' ali Nasr Allah Monshi and Hakim Sanai Are among the most eminent scholars of the Persian literature who lived nearly at the same period. They have bestowed the two invaluable books Hadighah-al- Haghigha and Kelileh and Demneh upon the rich Persian language and culture. These two works glittered like stars within Bahramsha's sky. Although Abu' l - Ma' Ali has seemingly translated Ibn al-Moqaffa's Kalilah and Dimnah, we are well-aware that he has manifested his skill because of his proficiency in both Persian and Arabic literature. Besides, by considering fidelity to its original, he has ornamented Ibn al-Moqaffa's writing with quaint verses, Prophet's saying, ADAGES, and the poem poetry of Iranian and Arab poets. In addition, he has meant to express the content in a more profound and immense way, and he has definitely had a new creation.Therefore, the researcher has compared these two works from the viewpoint of content to examine their mutual influence upon one another within Ghaznavi's cultural atmosphere by relying on anecdotes, ADAGES, poems, allusions, and special expressions and interpretations.As a result, the Ibn al-Moqaffa's influence on Sanai would be more illuminating than before.

In this article, after the defined allegorical forms, has been sought about the primary and important origins of formation and development of them.The allegorical forms have various origins. Myth, Dream and some subject of Folklore like: Tales, Legends, Fables and ADAGES are origins closely related to, or frequently used for allegorical forms. The author meanwhile has given examples of the literary works, particularly Persian poetries, has attempted to explore the origins that how form and develop those forms, in brief.