Since the verbs of (لیس) and (لایکون) have similar use and play an important role in Arabic grammar, it was useful to study both and discuss about their functions. Following the discussion we found that there is five different functions for (لیس): first, it is an imperfect verb, (that give the noun an nominative case and the comment an objective case) Arabic grammar experts disagree if it has a verb function or a noun one. Second, as exceptive particles with maintenance its verb function (give the noun an nominative case and the comment an objective case) that here comment is an except. Third, it is used as a conjunction that make negative sentence. Forth, it has a negative function that means (Ma). Fifth, it can also be used as a conjugated perfect verb that was not common place in Arabic grammar books, but we mentioned that function according to khalil Ebn Ahmad Alfarahidi.Quoting the reasons of grammarians about if it has a verb function or a noun function, we have concluded the discussion. We also identified the functions of (لایکون): First, it is applying as a conjugated verb. Second, it apply as an exceptive particle, as it is a non-derivative verb that its comment is an except. We hope that paper be useful in Arabic grammar.

The process of verb serialization is rather vague and controversial and many linguists have tried to explain the features of these syntactic constructs. Most scholars agree that a serial verb construction (SVC) is a sequence of verbs which act together as a single predicate, without any overt or covert marker of coordination and subordination. Within the framework of Minimalist Program, in this paper we investigate the syntactic properties of the Persian SVCs consisting of two or three verbs that seem to share at least a single internal or external argument and to receive the same verbal features (including tense, phi features, aspect and mood), as found in the present and past progressive sentences. However, the findings of the research state that the Persian SVCs are actually not limited to progressive aspect but it is also found in the present and past perfect structures (e. g. “ u gerfte bud xā bide bud” lit: S/he had taken had slept). The main question is: If serial verb constructions form chains of verbs, what kind of structural configuration can be attributed to them? Following Baker and Stewart (2002), we claim these structures arise when one or two AspPs (i. e. ProgPs or PerfPs) are adjoined to the main AspP of the sentence, while the grammatical verbs, such a “ gereftan” (to take) and “ dā stš n” (to have) appear to be different from Persian auxiliaries on syntactic grounds. This conclusion treats serial verb constructions as adjoining structures.

The present article is concerned with the introduction and examination of verbal refrains in the first three books of Masnavi. This detailed complete mystical Anthology is the most sublime example of mystical Persian poetry and has been the world’s inspiration for creation of many works in subsequent centuries.This article first introduces and exemplifies verb and its main subdivisions and finally enlists variety of verbs which have been appeared as refrains.

Giving opportunity of modification is one of the sanctions against imperfect acts and measures which can be considered as the lowest cost and most defensive sanctions. Modification of acts has been analyzed in the light of “ Theory of Nullity” and has taken important chapter in different countries. Civil procedure of France distinguishes between formal and substantive defects and devises special conditions and order for each of them. In Egyptian law, modification of acts can be done by perfecting or achieving to goal and purpose. It seems civil procedure of Iran needs to codification of system for modification. Accepting modification capacity for non-basic and subsidiary defects is compatible with our bases of Iranian civil procedure law and it seems first step should be taken on this basis in our law.