استراتژی دریایی یکی از مهمترین ابعاد استراتژی ملی قدرت های بزرگ به حساب می آید. این مساله اگرچه با تحول ماهوی قدرت در سیاست جهانی، اهمیتی را که آلفرد ماهان در «تاثیر و نفوذ قدرت دریایی در تاریخ» مطرح کرده بود را از دست داده است اما در دو دهه اخیر مجددا به عرصه رقابت ژئوپلیتیک قدرت های بزرگ بازگشته است. در این میان، اقیانوس هند و شکل گیری ائتلاف بندی های جدیدی مانند کواد و آکوس در آن را می توان نقطه عزیمت جدیدی در بازی قدرت های جهانی دانست. در این راستا، این مقاله به این سوال اصلی پرداخته است که اقیانوس هند چه جایگاهی در معادلات ژئوپلیتیک قدرت های دریایی با تاکید بر گروه بندی های کواد و آکوس دارد؟ یافته های این پژوهش که به روش توصیفی- تحلیلی صورت گرفته نشان دهنده انتقال تدریجی مرکز ثقل اقتصاد و سیاست جهانی از اقیانوس اطلس به اقیانوس هند-آرام است که در پرتو ائتلاف بندی های نظامی و امنیتی جدید به تشدید رقابت و تنش میان قدرت های بزرگ دریایی منجر خواهد شد.

The South China Sea is very important for China as it has huge oil and gas resources. China's actions in the South China Sea, especially the construction of islands and claims of ownership and exclusive sovereignty of resources by this country, have led to the development of Beijing's maritime influence and power. China has many interests and economic and military partners in the South China Sea region, and it is taking steps to increase its presence and influence in this region and achieve regional hegemon power in Asia, which will intensify the competition between the United States and China and increase Tensions have been high in the region. Thus, the main question of the research is, what strategy has China adopted to develop a sphere of influence in the South China Sea? The hypothesis of the article is that by expanding its presence in the South China Sea and building artificial islands, China seeks to expand its maritime territory and dominate more waters, which can make Beijing the hegemonic power in Asia and enhance its power on the world stage. Give great help. Increasing China's influence and control over the South China Sea in order to access the resources available in it, while increasing confrontations between the United States and China, has provided the basis for the escalation of tensions and increased instability in the region. A descriptive-analytical method was used to analyze the data.

Smart power is one of the concepts and terms derived from the western discourse and the order of liberal democracy, which has specific meanings, meanings and indicators in this discourse. What is emphasized in this article is a different narrative from the Chinese perspective to smart power. Statistical data, documents and current trends all confirm that despite the dominance of the liberal order and its mechanisms on the political and economic structures of the world, Beijing has increasingly expanded its role and influence in different regions of the world, including Africa. This country has become a key country in the international system by taking advantage of the international opportunities provided by globalization along with the fundamental redefinition of national principles and interests. What enables a deep analysis in the text of this apparent conflict is the Chinese narrative of intelligent power, which is rooted in Chinese culture and thoughts, contemporary historical developments, and ultimately the consensus of the country's elites. Therefore, the main question of this article can be posed as what are the coordinates of Chinese smart power and how can the development and influence of China in Africa be justified based on the concepts and coordinates of this concept of soft power?Keywords: China, African continent, smart power, Chinese culture, influence

The United States as a regional hegemon does not want the formation of rival hegemon for herself in other parts of the world. Therefore, after establishing her regional hegemony in Western Hemisphere tried to prevent rival great powers to gain control of Asia and Europe. Some of the great powers like Japan and Germany before 1945 and later the Soviet Union had the potential to become regional hegemony. Presently China after four decades of modernization of the country's vital elements of power is in a position to become a regional hegemon in Asia Pacific in a way that the United States has to reconsider its calculations about China. The present article wants to answer this question why the United States wants to be present in different regions of the world and what factors has affected the United States strategy in Asia Pacific? The underlying hypothesis is that the United States nation security is affected by balance of power in other regions and the presence of the United States in several regions of the world is a response to rise of regional hegemons and the new strategy of the United States in Asia Pacific is a response to rise of China's power. The above hypothesis has been explained with an explanative method.

Given the fragile political-security situation in West Asia, China which currently supplies about half of its oil and about 10 percent of its gas imports from this region, is concerned about the possible challenges deriving from its energy security prospects. The US presence throughout the region, Chinese weak control over international energy corridors, conflicts and tensions between the regional countries, Iran and United States, and of course the political orientation of West Asian countries should be added to the complexity of China's energy security dilemma towards this region. In this regard, China has gradually clarified the outlines of its strategy for ensuring energy security towards West Asia. At the heart of this article is the question, "What outlines the extent of China's contemporary energy security strategy towards West Asia? " Using a descriptive-analytical method and Focusing on the three concepts of "access security", "transportation security" and "energy transition process", the present study finds that the contemporary Chinese energy security strategy towards West Asia is based on a number of principles such as striving for diversification of its import, strengthening energy interdependence, pursuing a balanced and prudent policy regarding the ongoing regional and extra-regional rivalries, establishing safe corridors for energy transportation, keeping a direct military presence in sensitive areas and finally pursuing regional cooperation regarding energy transportation across West Asia.

Power is one of the basic concepts of international relations. This concept, which means the actor's ability to achieve the desired results, is applied in different ways; including hard, soft and smart. With the growing power of the media, the dynamism of the relations between the great powers, and also their competition for more influence and power, another concept of power has emerged, which is called "sharp power". In recent years, China has used various tactics and techniques to manipulate and attract public attention at home and abroad to advance its goals and objectives in the international and regional arenas, which some analysts have described as "sharp power. " They believe that China, using its party ideology, monitors the media, universities, leaders, politicians, and Western research and economic centers, and seeks to manage and limit what is being said and published about China. Behind all these actions, there are ideological, geopolitical and economic goals and objectives. This article, while explaining the concept of "sharp power", seeks to examine why and how China uses this method of exercising power to advance its foreign policy goals.