Introduction: Return-to-play decisions have remained a matter of controversy for athletes. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between functional movement screen (FMS) score with history of injury and identify the predictive value of the FMS for injury.Materials and Methods: Statistical population of this study was the physical education students of Kharazmi University aged 18 to 25 years. A hundred subjects (50 females, 50 males) with the mean (±SD) age of 23.21 (±2.12) years old were recruited. All participants read and signed the consent form.The FMS tests include: Deep Squat, Hurdle Step, In-Line Lunge, shoulder mobility, straight leg raise, Trunk Stability Push-Up, Rotary Stability were used to screen all individuals. Data were analyzed by One-way analysis of variances, Pearson correlation coefficient, Kappa, t test (SPSS, version 17 and alpha level set at 0.05).Results: Subjects without history of injury had better FMS scores than who has the history of injury.There was a statistical significance between the pre-season FM scores of subjects with ankle and knee injuries history with healthy ones. For all of subjects, a cut-off score of 17 was found that maximized sensitivity and specificity. An odds ratio was calculated at 4.70, meaning that an athlete has approximately 4.7 times greater chance of suffering a lower extremity injury during a regular competitive season if they score less than 17 on the FM.Conclusion: Scores of FMS tests provides the primary injury prevention model for coaches so that they can predict athletics future injury. So, this test can be considered as a basic and key physical examination for all athletes before attending in any training sport. Coach will benefit from this accurate tool to evaluate sport performance level for all team athletes.

Background and Aim: Injury is an inseparable part of athletic trainings and competitions and athletes are always subject to the risk of injury. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of six weeks of neuromuscular warm up program on the scores of injury incidence and functional movement screen in male basketball players disposed to injury in Iran Basketball Super League. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 basketball players prone to injury were identified in a Functional Movement Screen (Age 25. 33 years, high 197. 56 cm, Weight 97. 1 Kg, BMI 24. 59) and divided into two groups of control and experimental. Experimental group performed six weeks of neuromuscular exercises while control group only performed conventional team exercises. In the end, similar pre-season and pre-test Functional Movement Screen tests were administered and also injury reports of players prone to injury were examined. Data analysis was done using t test and repeated measures of ANOVA test. Results: The results of the present study showed that protocol of neuromuscular exercise, in comparison to control group, had a significant effect on decreasing injury in upper extremity, waist, central body (P=0. 500), and lower extremity (P=0. 001). Investigating scores of the three step tests of pre-season competitions, pre-test, and post-test after six weeks of neuromuscular exercises showed that these exercises increased scores of Functional Movement Screen more than conventional exercises did. Conclusion: Functional Movement Screen can be used to identify players prone to injury in preseason and even mid-season competitions. Also, use and implementation of neuromuscular exercises might help to decrease probability of injury incidence in identified individuals disposed to injury and increase Functional Movement Screen scores.

Gender is the basic element in determining the relationship between popularization and family damage. The Islamic family is based on gender differences and gender roles. It has a modified moral identity and vertical structure. But the popularized family is based on the similarity of gender, rights-oriented roles and has a horizontal structure. Using a cultural approach and in the light of the confrontation of today's culture and Islamic culture regarding the issue of gender, this article has tried to organize the role of popularization in the crisis of Islamic families in three consecutive levels: 1) At the level of denial of gender differences, gender identity crisis, the collapse of male authority and the feminization of family have been analyzed. 2) At the level of denying gender roles, the weakening of motherly and wifely roles has been studied, and by emphasizing on women's employment, the process of turning a house into a dormitory has been made tangible 3) At the level of increase in rights-orientedness, attention has been paid to some other damages that are classified in three axes (creditor relations, increase in family conflicts, and homelessness). In this research, the important damages imposed by popularization on Islamic families are structured in such a way that by considering their systematic link and their implications in other dimensions of family life, all the damages of the family institution are understood and this is what makes the content of this research different from other researches.

Study on the spinning behaviour of polypropylene fibres during rotor spinning is very important and may help us to find the appropriate ways to improve the spinning properties of fibres. In this study, mechanical and thermal damage of PP fibres during the various stages of rotor spinning line is investigated. The breaking strength and surface morphology of processed fibres in carding, drawing and rotor frame were studied and compared with those properties in unprocessed fibres.These studies show that some test fibres are damaged when contact the surfaces with heat due to processing well above the Tg of the fibres. The results of the study on the tenacity and breaking elongation of test fibres indicate that the mechanical properties are also deteriorated. The results of FTIR tests and stress-strain curves show some interstructure changes in some samples, which can be seen as partial changes in the crystalinity and elastic modulus. Investigation on the surface morphology of the damaged fibres shows some localized damaged areas in the form of compressive deformations, melt points, peeling off of the surface, voids and cracks. In general the results of various experiments confirm the occurrence of thermal damage in the rotor spinning process which affects the spinning behaviour inversely.

The purpose of this study was to compare two groups of injured and non-injured athlete students, and to predict athletes who are more prone to injury via psychological characteristics. 169 male track and field athlete students with mean age of (22.7±3.7) were selected as the subjects. Based on the questionnaire, subjects were divided into two groups of injured (75 subjects) and non injured (94 subjects) athletes. The personal information questionnaire, Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2), Aysenk and research made questionnaires were used to collect the data. ANOVA, and analysis of differential were used to statistically analyze of the data. The results revealed significant differences in psychological characteristics between injured and non injured athletes (P<0.01). Based on the results of this study athletes who get 83 from 132 higher, and above are more prone to injury. Finally, researches suggest it may be possible to prevent injuries through planned psychological-based programs.

One of the serious harms of developing societies is the increasing number of street children who often earn their living through begging, delinquency, seasonal false jobs, and so on. Providing security by the police for this vulnerable group, due to the type of preventive measures appropriate to this group, will not be possible without identifying internal and external harms; therefore, the main purpose of this study is to identify the disciplinary prevention of victimization and delinquency of street children in order to assess the expected situation to achieve ideal conditions. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive (qualitative-exploratory) in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the study includes commanders, managers and experts of the police who have a background in the field of police disciplinary prevention; and purposeful judgment and snowball methods were used to select the sample. This study reached the stage of theoretical saturation by conducting 25 in-depth interviews and then the data were analyzed by theme analysis method and based on Mirzaei three-dimension classification, the themes were classified into: structural, behavioral and contextual. The Following themes were identified: Four main components or themes in the “ structural dimension” including organizational structure, goals and strategy, processes and methods, material and financial resources; four main components or themes in the “ behavioral dimension” including training, motivation, experience and skills, and organizational culture; five main components or themes in the “ contextual dimension” including social and cultural, client, supporting infrastructure and principles, legal contexts and interaction with the external scientific environment. The results obtained from the analysis of themes, components and indicators of disciplinary harm prevention of street children show there is a long distance between the current situation of prevention with the expected situation according to the rules and international standards of children and adolescents and the process of crime prevention measures based on the 85 indicators and damage identified by the researchers and finally, suggestions are made to correct and strengthen the indicators obtained by the researchers.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was Investigation of the prevalence and causes of injury in elite athletes and its comparison in individual and group sports in South Khorasan Province.Method: For this purpose 181 elite athletes were chosen and completed related questionnaires. By using descriptive statistics data were collected to determine the relationship between variables. Data analysis was down by using "Chi Square".Results: Data analysis showed that among 181 elite athletes, 91.7 percent had injuries. In a group sports, upper limb with 49.9 and in individual sports, lower limb with 44.4 percent had the highest rate of injury. 59.2 Percent of injury in group sports and 61.3 percent in individual sports were muscle-tendinous type. Muscle soreness was the most common injury in group sports with 29.1 percent and in individual sports with 42.2 percent. Most frequent cause of injury in group sports was lack physical fitness with 34.4 and in individual sport opponent player with 40.3 percent.Conclusion: As far as time, cause, location and nature of injury concerns, there was a significant difference between individual and group sports, but in the type of injury no significant was found. Lack of warm-up exercises, physical fitness, previous injury, psychological problems, failure to follow safety rules, lack of sports facilities, absence of coach, lack of motivation and too much desire to win are among the factors that had different effects on individual and group sports, but lack of familiarity with the principles of warm-up had the same effect on injures in either group.