Survey on contamination rate of raw milk samples of ruminants in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province to Coxiella burnetii, using nested polymerase chain reaction method

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Karimian Asghar; Ghorbanpoor Masoud; Hemati Zahra; Shokoohizadeh Leili

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY CLINICAL SCIENCES Year:2024 | Volume:18 | Issue:2 Page(s): 109-118

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Title

Survey on contamination rate of raw milk samples of ruminants in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province to Coxiella burnetii, using nested polymerase chain reaction method

Author(s)

Karimian Asghar | Ghorbanpoor Masoud | Hemati Zahra | Shokoohizadeh Leili | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Q fever

Coxiella burnetii

milk

Cow

Sheep

Goat

Nested-PCR

Abstract

Coxiella burnetii is a Gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacterium and the causative agent of the zoonotic disease Q fever. Cattle, Sheep, and Goats are the primary sources of human infection, excreting the pathogen through milk. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of C. burnetii contamination in raw milk samples collected from cattle, Sheep, and Goat herds in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran.Between October 2022 and January 2024, a total of 250 individual milk samples were seasonally collected from 50 dairy herds (cattle, Sheep, and Goats) across various regions of the province. The samples were analyzed for C. burnetii contamination using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the transposon gene IS1111.Totally, 9 out of 250 raw milk samples (3.6%) were positive, including 7 out of 100 cattle milk samples (7%) and 2 out of 75 Goat milk samples (2.66%). All 75 Sheep milk samples were found to be negative. A significant association was observed between the level of C. burnetii contamination in the raw milk samples studied and the type of livestock (P = 0.042). However, no significant differences were found concerning the season, region, history of mastitis, or dairy farm density. The findings of this study indicated that raw Cow and Goat milk could serve as potential sources of C. burnetii infection in the investigated area.

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