The present multidisciplinary and descriptive-analytical study compares meaning representations (mental models) and conceptualizations of the Persian verb pooshidan and its English equivalent WEAR, in respect of covering the human body, in the general framework of psycholinguistics, cognitive semantics, and cultural linguistics. The aim of the study was to investigate the mental models and conceptualizations of Persian speakers and English speakers regarding the prototypical concepts of ‘ pooshidan’ and ‘ WEAR’ . To do this, the authors availed of mental tableaus suggested by Johnson-Laird (1983). All Persian and English key words and phrases carrying the concept of ‘ WEAR/cover’ existing in six monolingual and bilingual dictionaries made the statistical population and the sample included words and phrases containing the abovementioned concepts. The results indicated that the mental models of Persian speakers and English speakers and also their conceptualizations have significant differences with little similarities in this domain. In addition, Persian speakers’ conceptualizations and meaning representations are wider and more complex. This results from their different cultural knowledge in the domain. Besides, Persian speakers, unlike the English speakers, avail of a number of light and compound verbs collocating with various covering objects to express the concept of ‘ WEAR/cover’ which results in a wider polysemy for pooshidan than WEAR.

In this paper, the slider-on-flat-surface (SOFS) test was used to study the galling in automobile body drawing dies (made of GGG60 alloy). The SOFS tests were conducted on the DC06 (EN 10130) and DC04 (MSC standard) alloy sheet metals; according to the following two approaches: in the first approach, the slider was forced to move in a single linear path, repeatedly. While, in the second approach, the slider was moved on separate parallel paths. The second approach was performed using both flat and curved surfaces of the slider to simulate galling conditions on flat and curved surfaces of the dies, respectively. Moreover, the effect of hardness, surface roughness, and mechanical properties of the DC04 and DC06 sheet materials on die galling was investigated. The galling tests’ results were in agreement with the galling WEAR that occurred in automobile body drawing dies. The results showed that forming DC04 sheet metal will lead to more galling WEAR. Furthermore, a qualitative coincidence was observed between the results of the aforementioned approaches. Nevertheless, in the first approach, WEAR emerged in a shorter period; while, in the second approach, the slider was moved on a much longer path for creating observable WEAR.

An investigation of the friction and sliding WEAR of gray cast iron against chromium plated cast irons was carried out on a newly constructed reciprocating friction and WEAR tester. The tests were the first to be done on the test rig under dry conditions and at the speed of 170 cm/mm and variable loads of 20-260 N for duration of 15 min to 3 hours. The gray cast iron surfaces worn by a process of plastic deformation at the subsurface, crack nucleation, and crack growth leading to formation of plate like debris and therefore the delamination theory applies. No evidence of adhesion was observed. This could be due to formation of oxides on the WEAR surface which prevent adhesion. Channel type chromium plating picked up cast iron from the counter body surfaces by mechanically trapping cast iron debris on and within the cracks. The removal of the plated chromium left a pitted surface on the cast iron.

Introduction: Low resistance of composite resins to abrasion is a primary concern in the application of these materials for posterior restorations which are prone to high occlusal loads.This study compared the WEAR resistance of three types of composites.Methods: In this laboratory experiment, five specimens of each of the three types of composites (z250, Heliomolar, Opallis) were prepared separately in brass molds. Composites were placed in 1-mm layers and were cured for 40 seconds. Using an abrasive device, Pedeb 1, with a chromecobalt abrasor, the specimens were abraded under a 20-MPa force, after 5000, 20000, 40000, 80000, 120000 abrasive rotations. Before and after all abrasion cycles, the specimens were weighed with an electronic balance with a precision of 10-4 g. The collected data were analyzed using paired samples statistics t-test and ANOVA analysis.Results: All the specimens showed a reduction pattern from the initial weights to weights after 120000 abrasive rotations. With more abrasive rotations, greater weight reduction occurs and this is of statistical significance. ANOVA analysis showed no significant difference between the three types of composites; yet, the z250 and Heliomolar groups were associated with the least and the greatest amount of WEAR, respectively.Conclusions: In all specimens, significant weight reduction occurred after abrasion but there were no significant differences between the 3 types of composites.

This study aimed to identify decision-making styles of sporting WEARs consumers’ . The qualitative study method by Grounded Theory approach was used. For this purpose, semi-structured and non-structured interviews had done by three groups of respondents, including marketing and sports marketing professionals, Producers-Distributors and customers of sporting WEARs (n=56). Purposeful and Snowball sampling continued until theoretical saturation. Data analyze was done using interpretive analysis methods through open, axial and selective coding techniques. Interpretive analysis led to the identification of 93 items that were pooled in 15 categories. The 15 categories were presented as a qualitative model for consumer decisions making styles. The model showed up while purchasing sport sWEAR customers can follow styles such as; convenient access, qualityoriented, fashion-oriented, nationalism, searcher, respect oriented, diversityoriented, sensuality, luxury-oriented, hedonism, price sensitive, brand-oriented, confusion, and effectiveness. Some styles presented in this study correspond with previous studies in various fields. However, some of them such as effectiveness, sensuality and luxury-oriented rarely has been mentioned in previous studies. In general, consumers purchase decision making styles can be more extensive and more various than existing Consumer decision making styles.