Background The change in venous oxygen saturation occurs earlier, and even its reduction is faster than arterial oxygen saturation. The aim of this study was to validate SvO2 and PvO2 for O2 content measurement in children hospitalized with respiratory distress. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 80 children who were admitted with respiratory distress were included in the study according to the study inclusion and exclusion criteria. Baseline characteristics such as age and gender were recorded in the data collection form, designed by the researcher. In order to determine the amount of SaO2 and PaO2 the arterial blood sample was prepared, venous blood sample was prepared to determine the amount of hemoglobin, SvO2 and PvO2. The gold standard for the determination of O2 content was the arterial blood sample. All samples were examined by a blood gas analyzer and then calculated using the formula of O2 content values. For SvO2 and PvO2 validation, we used diagnostic analysis methods including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. Cut-point value for SvO2 and PvO2 were 76. 50 and 44. 30, respectively. Results In this study, the patients’ mean age was 5. 15 ± 4. 20 years. 62. 5% (n=50) were male and 38. 5% (n=30) were female. The values of arterial and venous O2 content were 14. 13 ± 3. 05 and 11. 95 ± 3. 04 from a total of 80 patients. SvO2 and PvO2 for measuring O2 content had a sensitivity of 80. 5 and 71. 80%, respectively, and specificity of 80. 5 and 78%, respectively. Conclusion SvO2 and PvO2 have good validity for evaluating O2 content in patients admitted to PICU. So that SvO2 had a sensitivity and specificity of over 80%, and PvO2 had a sensitivity and specificity of over 70%.

History and Objectives: Due to the prevalence of Berger disease and continuation of pain and its side effects among patients and probability of veinal- arterial fistula, the present study was carried out as a preliminary study on the effect of fistula on Berger patients referred to the Shohadaie Haft Tir Hospital in 1998. Materials and Methods: An experimental study on five patients suffering from Berger disease was performed. Pathologic findings were the basis of diagnosis of Berger disease. Veinal-arterial fistula was created on the ischemic and painful organs and its effect on the lowering of PV02 ischemic organ and lowering of the pain were assessed. Results were examined with paired t-test and significant difference (p<0.001) were observed. Results: PVO 2 before and after the operation was 44.4±6.28 and 69.6 ±4.2respecteively, with 25.2 ±3.11 and increase of 56.75% in arterial oxygen pressure was obtained. Pain was decreased (upto 75%) in all patients. Veinal-arterial fistula did not have any effect on prognosis and need of amputation in short run. Conclusions: The results of the present study are very promising. Further study in a larger scale and maintenance of pain free organ for the patients is recommended.      

Introduction: The administration of crystalloid fluids is considered as the first line treatment in management of trauma patients. Infusion of intravenous fluids leads to various changes in hemodynamic, metabolic and coagulation profiles of these patients. The present study attempted to survey some of these changes in patients with mild severity trauma following normal saline infusion.Methods: This study comprised 84 trauma patients with injury of mild severity in Shahid Rajaei Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, during 2010-2011. The coagulation and metabolic values of each patient were measured before and one and six hours after infusion of one liter normal saline. Then, the values of mentioned parameters on one and six hours after infusion were compared with baseline measures using repeated measures analysis of variance.Results: Eighty four patients included in the present study (76% male). Hemoglobin (Hb) (df: 2; F=32.7; p<0.001), hematocrit (Hct) (df: 2; F=30.7; p<0.001), white blood cells (WBC) (df: 2; F=10.6; p<0.001), and platelet count (df: 2; F=4.5; p=0.01) showed the decreasing pattern following infusion of one liter of normal saline. Coagulation markers were not affected during the time of study (p>0.05). The values of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) showed statistically significant decreasing pattern (df: 2; F=5.6; p=0.007). Pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) (df: 2; F=6.4; p=0.002), bicarbonate (HCO3) (df: 2; F=7.0; p=0.001), and base excess (BE) (df: 2; F=3.3; p=0.04) values showed a significant deteriorating changes following hydration therapy.Conclusion: It seems that, the infusion of one liter normal saline during one hour will cause a statistically significant decrease in Hb, Hct, WBC, platelet, BUN, BE, HCO3, and PCO2 in trauma patients with mild severity of injury and stable condition. The changes in, coagulation profiles, pH, PvO2, and electrolytes were not statistically remarkable.