ObjectiveIn recent years, marketers and Luxury brand owners have increasingly shifted their focus to customer-centric social media platforms. These platforms are important in how customers interact with brands, especially in the Luxury goods sector. Instagram, which is one of the most popular and widely used social media platforms in Iran and globally, has proven to be a powerful tool for marketing and commercial advertising and has been particularly influential in the Luxury goods market. This research aims to investigate the effect of Luxury brand advertising on the participation of the brand's target community. Specifically, this study examines several key variables related to Instagram-based marketing efforts, such as customization, trendiness, and engagement. In addition, it addresses the dimensions of Luxury brand engagement, which include affective (emotional), cognitive, and behavioral aspectsResearch MethodologyThis research adopts a practical approach that is descriptive and correlational in terms of research method. Both library (secondary sources) and field (primary sources) methods have been used in combination. The statistical population of this research consists of all Instagram users in Iran, and based on Morgan's table, the sample size was determined to be 384 people, and the sampling method was random. To check the research variables, a standardized questionnaire prepared by Fatais et al. (2013) was distributed among the students of Tehran University, and then the collected data was analyzed using both Excel and SPSS software to obtain meaningful insights.FindingsThe results showed that customization on Instagram has a statistically significant effect on the affective (emotional) dimension of users' interaction with Luxury brands, affecting it by approximately 46%, and similarly, it also affects the cognitive dimension, although to a lesser extent ( about 4%). However, its effect on the behavioral dimension of interaction is unclear and cannot be precisely measured. In addition, trending on Instagram has a significant effect on both the emotional and cognitive dimensions of users' interaction with Luxury brands, but it did not have a significant effect on the behavioral dimension. Engagement on Instagram has a positive effect on both the affective and cognitive dimensions of Luxury brand engagement, however, despite the visible effect on the behavioral dimension, there is no conclusive evidence that customers purchase solely through Instagram. Other channels such as websites or in-person shopping are essential for buying Luxury goods.Discussion & ConclusionThe inferential analysis of research variables shows that Instagram-based marketing activities significantly influence the engagement of Luxury brand communities. When interacting with brands on social media, customers can share their experiences, receive feedback, and create emotional connections with brands and other users. These interactions ultimately lead to higher levels of customer satisfaction and contribute to their emotional well-being. Despite the limitations in measuring direct purchase behavior through Instagram, the platform remains a powerful tool for increasing emotional and cognitive engagement with Luxury brands. Because Instagram, as one of the most popular platforms, enables businesses to communicate directly with customers and provide the value customers expect. Those who buy Luxury items are often more willing to display their goods and help promote Luxury products. The visual nature of Instagram allows users to easily share their experiences, receive feedback, and create emotional connections with brands and other users. These interactions not only increase customer engagement but also lead to increased satisfaction and emotional well-being.The rapid development of information technology around the world, including in Iran, has made electronic commerce a vital part of the global trend. As a result, Luxury brands aiming for global reach prioritize online marketing and sales, and platforms such as Instagram are ideal for brand advertising and marketing. The results of the inferential analysis of this study show that Instagram marketing activities positively affect brand community engagement. Specifically, the impact of variables such as customization, contractuality and interaction on the emotional, cognitive and behavioral dimensions of the target community's participation was investigated. Personalization affects emotional and cognitive aspects and helps brands provide better service and avoid irrelevant offerings, increasing customer satisfaction. This process has a positive effect on emotional and cognitive dimensions. In line with previous studies such as those of Gursoy and Lu (2020), which emphasize the role of social media marketing in increasing customer satisfaction and engagement.Despite its limitations in measuring direct purchase behavior, Instagram is a powerful tool for increasing engagement with Luxury brands. The platform allows users to immerse themselves in the Luxury experience and create emotional connections that may influence future purchase decisions. Consequently, while Instagram may not directly convert followers into customers, its ability to increase brand awareness and loyalty cannot be underestimated.Liu et al. (2023) also found that engagement on social media, especially for Luxury brands, is crucial to increase customer engagement with brand-related content. Investing in entertainment, engagement and trend-driven content on social media is essential for Luxury brands. Instagram is a very effective platform for introducing Luxury brands in the global market. To succeed, Luxury brands must prioritize Instagram as a key advertising medium to gain attention and increase sales.Another important point in this research is the distinction between Luxury marketing and marketing for other types of products. Because Luxury items are expensive, they attract a specific and limited clientele. Selling Luxury goods is distinctly more challenging than selling mass-market items because Luxury goods customers are very selective and value trust, exclusivity, and quality above all else. Building trust with these customers is very important, especially in the online market, where the authenticity and quality of products must be ensured. This research also showed that in the marketing of Luxury goods, credibility and trust are essential for customer retention. Brands must ensure that customers are confident about the authenticity and timely delivery of their Luxury purchases. Additionally, providing a seamless and beautiful online shopping experience, much like a Luxury physical boutique, is critical to maintaining customer trust and satisfaction.In conclusion, this study shows the effectiveness of Instagram-based marketing in promoting Luxury brands. Although it may not directly affect immediate purchases, it significantly increases emotional and cognitive engagement, leading to stronger relationships between the customer and the brand. This ultimately increases brand loyalty and brings about long-term success for the business as a result. To further improve engagement and brand awareness, Luxury brands must invest in content that resonates emotionally and fosters meaningful interactions with their audience.

Introduction & Objective: These days, the majority of women who are undergoing mastectomy can also have breast reconstruction. Implants and latissimus dorsi flaps are some kinds of surgery that can be performed. The development of Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous (TRAM) flap, enabled surgeons to use it, extensively for breast reconstruction. The main aim of this study was determination of the prevalence of different reconstructive surgery in Iran, find out advantages and disadvantage of these procedure and also evaluation of satisfaction of the patients.Materials & Methods: In a descriptive and cross-sectional study 148 patients, undergoing breast reconstructive surgery during 14 years, were evaluated. Their demographic data, age, kind of surgery gathered from their medical files. Then they followed for 5 years and complication of surgery and their satisfaction were evaluated. Data analyzed with SPSS software.Results: The most kind of surgery was TRAM flap 127 (86.3%) then was tissue expanders, implants, respectively; Fat necrosis 13 (8.7%) patients, seroma in 12 (8.1%) patients were the most complication of TRAM flap surgery.Satisfaction of patients were excellent in 31%, 25% respectively for breast and abdomen reconstructive surgery.Conclusions: This study suggests that the TRAM flap for breast reconstruction is a safe and reliable technique which provides an excellent cosmetic outcome with a high degree of patients satisfaction.

In order to issue a sentence for compensation, it is necessary to establish the relationship of causation, and if this relationship is not established, it is not possible to issue a sentence for compensation and hold one or more persons responsible. The requirements arising from this evidentiary rule are recognized as a legal obstacle to compensation. The relationship of causality can be assumed in various ways; This means that either a single agent was involved in the damage, or multiple factors, and in the case of multiple factors, or all of them participated in causing the damage, or all of them were involved as a cause, or some as a cause and Some of them have played a role in causing damage. In order to solve the problem in question, legal systems have presented various methods and solutions for the issuing of judgments and how to compensate the injured party, and Islamic jurisprudence has significant views in this field, which will be examined in the upcoming article. Opinions are paid.

Marketing managers are interested in consumer purchase intentions so as to prognosticate sales of existing and/or new products and services. Purchase intentions data can help managers in their marketing decisions related to product demand (new and existing products), market segmentation and promotional strategies. Luxury brand products and the motivation to buy Luxury brands are becoming increasingly relevant to consumers in Asia. Luxury-purchase motivation predominantly based on Western thoughts and markets. Cultural values have been shown to influence consumer behavior in many studies. Establishing whether relationships exist between cultural values and motivation for consuming Luxury products would be advantageous for the marketers of Luxury products. The present study focuses on factors affecting the purchase intention of Luxury products. Primary Tools for Data Collection was Likert's 5-scale questionnaire. Statistical Population is composed of all customers attending selected fancy and luxurious restaurants in Tehran. Since the statistical sample is infinite (over 100000 subjects), the sample size was determined to include 385 subjects by means of Kergesi Morgan's Table (1970), and simple random sampling method was applied. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics and the structural equation modeling were employed with SPSS and Lisrel software programs. The research, in terms of purpose, is practical and the method of data collection is survey. Research results suggest that the variables of consumer attitude toward luxurious products, quality of the service provided by fancy and luxurious restaurants, perception of brand and social effect affect the purchase intention, while the variables of store image (restaurant) and vanity bring about no impact on the purchase intention. In addition, the variable of vanity does not exert any moderating effect on the relation between perception of luxurious brand and purchase intention and between the social effect and purchase intention.

Objective: Luxury-seeking, as a subtle social issue, may not have direct and immediate consequences, but it gradually infiltrates individual, familial, and social dimensions, influencing the attitudes and identities of adolescent girls in a way that transforms social norms and personal expectations. Based on this premise, the present study aimed to examine the underlying factors contributing to Luxury-seeking tendencies among female middle school students and to propose strategies for reducing this phenomenon. Method: The research employed a qualitative phenomenological approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews as the primary data collection tool. The study population consisted of female middle school students in Birjand, and data collection continued through purposive non-probability sampling until data saturation was achieved. Results. Findings indicate that Luxury-seeking behavior is shaped by factors such as media, family, society, and individual characteristics, leading to consequences in psychological, familial, individual, and social domains. These effects can result in changes in attitudes toward body image and clothing, increased unhealthy competition, and psychological stress among students. Conclusions: According to the results, Luxury-seeking not only affects students' values and identities but also fosters unhealthy behavioral patterns and parental concerns. Therefore, it is recommended that education and cultural initiatives be implemented to emphasize non-material values, strengthen national and cultural identity among adolescents, and create positive changes in family and school environments to encourage a reassessment of individual beliefs and values, ultimately reducing the prevalence of this phenomenon.

Although the law "Tax on Luxury Houses" was approved in the Islamic Council in 2019, the debate about its legitimacy is still ongoing in scientific and executive circles, since this issue is one of the newly created issues and, of course, a part of the book. And there is no tradition and sayings of jurists in this regard, and therefore it is necessary to convince the audience (owners of Luxury houses) and ultimately public opinion regarding the legitimacy and necessity of this law, and explaining the legal foundations of this law increases the strength of the guarantee of its implementation.This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the legitimacy of the tax on Luxury houses, which is analytical-descriptive and library collection method. Its findings indicate the legitimacy of the "Luxury House Tax" based on valid jurisprudential reasons. The rules of "No Harm", "Government Order", "Sirah Al-Aqla" and "Rule of Reason" are among the reasons to be mentioned in the legitimacy of "Luxury House Tax".