Pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a diverse collection of diseases, and results from malignant proliferation of lymphoid cells and immune system. NHL involves throughout the body, but bone and primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas are its rare presentations. The incidence of NHL in childhood differs according to age and geographic area, but overall constitutes 8–10% of all malignancies in children between 5–19 years of age. The preferred pathologic and molecular biology classification for NHL is based on currently recognized histologic (morphologic), immune phenotypic, and genetic features, and their clinical presentation and course. The clinical manifestations of NHL in children depend on pathological subtype and primary sites of disease. Abdomen and mediastinum are the most frequent primary sites of involvement. Most centers use st. Jude staging system and diagnostic workup. Most patients present with advanced stage and systemic disease. According to pathophysiology of childhood NHL, treatment strategy is based on extent of dissemination and requires attention to emergent complications. Modern treatments have caused dramatic improvement in childhood NHL. We need well conducted international studies in all parts of the world to increase our knowledge to acieve better outcome and prevent late effects in children.

Background and Objectives: Lung involvement in Hodgkin's disease is usually associated with nodal involvement and is due to direct extension from mediastinal nodes. Primary pulmonary HODGKIN’S disease is a rare disease. This disease occurs most frequently in the older women. Case Report: The present case was a 54-year-old woman who was presented with fever, dry cough and weight loss since the last three months. There was no evidence of hepatosplenomegaly and peripheral lymphadenopathy. Radiological investigations revealed bilateral pulmonary nodular lesions but no mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Cyto-pathology assessment of the sample which was taken based on bronchoscopic and CT results did not help with diagnosis of the disease. As a last resort, open lung biopsy was done and a diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease was made. The final diagnosis was primary pulmonary Hodgkin's disease. Conclusion: Although primary pulmonary Hodgkin's is a rare disease, it should be considered as one of the causes of bilateral pulmonary nodular lesions.

Introduction: Primary non-HODGKIN’S lymphoma of the bone (PLB) represents about 3% - 5% of all extranodal non-HODGKIN’S lymphoma (NHL) cases and 7% of primary bone tumors. It may occur at any age. The peak incidence for PLB is in the fifth and sixth decades of life, and it has a slight male predominance. The most commonly affected sites are the long bones. A palpable mass due to soft tissue extension of the bony disease is seen in almost half of all cases.Case Presentation: We report the case of an NHL (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) in the talus bone of a 17-year-old boy who was referred to our center in 2011 - 2012, which had an odd presentation. The patient’s first diagnosis was a simple ankle sprain, and he underwent conservative treatment. Given the patient’s deteriorating symptoms, further paraclinical evaluations were conducted, and fracture of the talus was diagnosed, which was thought to be a cause of further osteonecrosis. Finally, because of lack of pain relief and due to MRI images, the suspicion of malignancy was raised. Open biopsy of the talus showed NHL (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma).Conclusions: The present case is interesting because it expresses how such lesions can be met with diagnostic confusion.

Introduction: Malignant lymphoma of the oral region is uncommon and accounts for approximately 3.5% of all oral malignancies. Non-HODGKIN’S lymphoma occurs primarily in adults, although children may also be affected, particularly by the more aggressive intermediate and high-grade forms. The condition most commonly develops in the lymph nodes, but so-called extra nodal lymphoma is also found. In children, extanodal lymphoma is more common. The presentation can be as a non tender mass mostly in cervical, auxiliary, or inguinal regions that has been enlarging for months. In the oral cavity, lymphoma appears usually as extra nodal disease. The malignancy may develop in the oral soft tissues or centrally within the jaws. Soft tissue lesions appear as non-tender, diffuse swelling; they most commonly affect the buccal vestibule, posterior hard palate, or gingiva. The patient may complain of paresthesia, particularly with a mandibular lesion (numb chin syndrome).Case report: An 8-year-old boy was visited in the Oral Medicine Department of Mashhad Dental School with the chief complaint of permanent tooth mobility in the oral cavity for 15 days. The patient also had a history of bone pain mainly in lower lip for the last month and Bell’s palsy (left side) was observed which had been occurred since 7 days before. Simultaneously, the patient had malaise, anorexia, bone pain, illness, lymphadenopathy (head and neck), and flu like signs and symptoms, fatigue and leukocytosis. Under clinical diagnosis of lymphoma, the patient was referred to pediatric hematologist-oncologist. Our diagnosis, none HODGKIN’S lymphoma (NHL), was confirmed by the report of lymph node biopsy. Conclusion: Dentists can play an important role in the early detection of the malignant lymphoma of the oral cavity. NHL primarily appears in the head and neck. It is typically characterized by a swollen, non-painful lymph node although other presentations may pose significant diagnostic problems and frequently lead to misdiagnosis and mistreatment.

Nearly 7500 new cases of HODGKIN’S disease are diagnosed in the United States annually. This disease is one of the first malignancies and can be cured in about 75% of cases. The main objective of this study was to create a major sight on HODGKIN’S disease, the result of its treatment and its 5 and 10-year survival by considering this point that early diagnosis, on time management of the patients and appropriate treatment will give significant survival to these patients. This retrospective, descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study was performed in Tabriz Shahid Ghazi Hospital. The needed information was extracted from the patients’ files and specific forms were prepared for gathering data. Response to treatment, DFS (Disease Free Survival) and OS (Overall Survival) were calculated and data was analyzed using SPSS10 software and chi-square test. Of total 180 cases, 121 (67%) were male and 59 (33%) were female. The main age range was 31.8 ±17.1 years. Neck mass (40%) was the common complaint of diagnosis and most of the cases were in stage III. Mixed cellularity (47.2%) was the most common histological subtype. Complete remission with ABVD chemotherapy regimen was prominent and it composed 37.6% of the used chemotherapy regimen. Five and ten-year survival were estimated 65% and 61.3% respectively. The results showed that the occurrence of the HODGKIN’S disease was double in males than in females. Patients under chemotherapy had more favorable complete remission (52.7%) than those treated with other forms of treatment (P=0.002). A significant statistical difference was noted between the used chemotherapy regimen and the rate of complete remission (P=0.04). As a whole, 5-year overall survival was higher in patients treated with ABVD, whereas 10-year survival showed to be higher in cases received C-MOPP regimen. Therefore, the type of chemotherapy does not seem to be an effective factor in overall survival.

A 25-year-old man who had suffered from HODGKIN’S disease mixed cellularity type, stage III B, since eight years ago, was referred to our center for cutaneous eruptions evolving for one year. According to his oncologist, the chemotherapy with eight cycles of adriamycin (doxorubicin), bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD), revealed an apparently good remission. On examination, he exhibited confluent erythematous papules and plaques with some areas of atrophy, scar, and pigmentation Which involved symmetrically the lower limbs (Figures 1 and 2). Clinical examination also disclosed mildly enlarged laterocervical lymph nodes….