In this study, we investigated the value of cytologic evaluation of ovarian Cysts. In a prospective cross-sectional study, we compared cytologic results with pathologic findings in 55 patients with apparently benign ovarian Cysts. For functional ovarian Cysts, cytology had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 90.4%. In endometriosis, sensitivity and specificity of cytology were 66.3% and 100% respectively. In dermoid cyst, sensitivity and specificity of cytology were 100%. In mucinous Cysts, we found sensitivity of 90.4% and specificity of 100%. Therefore, in patients with apparently benign ovarian Cysts, especially in the centers without adequate equipment or trained personnel for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy, we can evaluate the ovarian Cysts by cytologic aspiration and avoid unnecessary laparatomy especially in infertile women.