Urban land use is one of the fundamental concepts of urbanism and in fact, the infrastructure of its formation. It is important such that some urban planners in developed countries consider it equal to urban planning. The aim of this article is to describe types of various land use in Bahabad city with regard to their location and identification of the shortages of that city from the viewpoint of necessary land-use and studying the area, per capita, density and distribution of each and, finally, presenting a modle for future development and approaches to achieve a desireable development.The methodology of this research is based on descriptive-analytic attitude. For developing the theoretical framework of research and reviewing the previous researches, library research method (documentations) have been used and the results have been analyzed by using SWOT technique.The findings of this research, with regard to the present situation of the city up to 2009, show that some land-use from the perspective of per capita (in lieu of per person) and surface (distance) are in an unfavorable condition. On the other hand, some land use had an ideal positon from this viewpoint. This situation shows the imbalance and lack of coordination among land uses. This also indicates that the then planners did not pay sufficient attention to land-use. So, economical, social, geographical and political planners should be included in process of land use planning in order to gurantee the success of this process eithere at the stage of preparing plans for sustainable development or at the stage of implemneation.

Kuhbanan fault system, as one of the intracontinental faults of central Iran, is recognized by considerable seismogenic activities and modern morphotectonics evidences with a strike-slip (reverse component) motion. According to the geometric and kinematics data, Kuhbanan fault has been divided into 5 segments (S26, S27, S28, S29, S30) in Bahabad region. Measured geomorphic indices of ratio of valley-floor width to valley height (Vf) and morphology of the valley (V) manifest the maximum denudation rate for the S28 segment. The mean calculated values of mountain-front sinuosity (Smf) and %facet parameters for different segments of the fault are 1.1 and 83.16, consequently. Regarding to these geomorphic indices, a denudation rate of about 2-4 mmyr-1 is suggested for this region. According to reconstruction of Kuhbanan fault since 360 ka, minimum horizontal cumulative displacement of 750 m and minimum slip rate of about 2-1.4±0.1 mmyr-1 is inferred from well preserved geomorphology in the northern segment of the fault. Applying this horizontal cumulative displacement causes reconstruction of geomorphic markers such as drainages and shuttered ridges.

INTRODUCTION: Crisis is one of the issues of human societies; the management of each of its stages requires a crisis management strategy; therefore, the purpose of the present research is to explain a model for the implementation of earthquake crisis management strategy in Bahabad County, Iran. METHODS: In this study qualitative- quantitative research, Grounded Theory method was used in qualitative part. The statistical population in the qualitative phase included 12 specialists and experts who were familiar with crisis management. In the quantitative phase, a total of 53 ones were studied by using a researcher-made questionnaire who were responsible in the institutions subject to Articles 2 and 10 of the crisis management law of the country approved by the Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran. About 47 ones were selected based on Morgan's table. The inferential statistics such correlation coefficient, regression coefficient, and multivariate variance analysis was used to find the relationship between the variables. FINDINGS: In the qualitative part, 21 categories were separated after the theoretical saturation resulting from interviews with specialists and experts and then in the quantitative phase, these categories were divided into questions. The analysis of the neural network indicated that the significance of the components of strategy implementation in predicting the mentioned model in Bahabad County, Iran, so that "leadership" had the most impact and "data production, update, and processing" had the least effect on the model prediction. CONCLUSION: Based on the presented model, the strategy implementation components are operationalized in each of the pre-crisis, during-crisis and post-crisis stages correspondingly through the three processes, including "tool-making", "flow-making," and "institution-making." According to the results, by upgrading these processes, the feasibility of the proposed model will increase as well.

Groundwater quality management is the most important issue in many arid and semi-arid countries, including Iran. Artificial neural network (ANN) has an extensive range of applications in water resources management. In this study, artificial neural network was developed using MATLAB R2013 software package, and Cl, EC, SO4 and NO3 qualitative parameters were estimated and compared with the measured values, in order to evaluate the influence of key input parameters. The number of neurons in the hidden layer was obtained by the trial-and-error method. For this purpose, data from 260 water samples of 13 wells in Bahabad plain were collected during 2003- 2013. The results show that the performance of ANN model was more accurate for Cl (R=0.96), EC (R=0.98), and SO4 (R=0.95), using back-propagation algorithms according to the best chosen input parameters. It was observed that the use of ANN model for NO3 was not very accurate, perhaps this was because of the different water sources or the impact of other parameters; thus, this result is in contrast with the study of Diamantopoulou et al. (2005). However, this study confirms that the number of neurons in the hidden layer cannot be found using a specific formula (double the number of inputs plus one) for all parameters but can be obtained using a trial-and-error method.

Groundwater quality management is one of the most important issues in many arid and semi-arid regions, including Iran. Nitrate (NO3-) is one of the most common anions contaminating groundwater. This study aimed to range nitrate concentrations in water resources in Bahabad plain in Yazd province. To evaluate the nitrate data in this descriptive study, 260 nitrate samples from 13 wells in Bahabad were assessed from 2003 to 2013. The two interpolation techniques of kriging and inverse distance weighting (IDW) were used to obtain the spatial distribution of groundwater quality parameters by means of Arcview GIS 10 software. The results of this study showed that the kriging method is more accurate than IDW for groundwater quality mapping, based on the lower root mean square error (RMSE) of kriging. Nitrate levels in samples from regional wells were lower than standard levels for Iran and the world. However, nitrate contamination tended to increase from 2003 to 2013. Furthermore, the greatest nitrate contamination was found in the southern part of Bahabad. In conclusion, kriging seems to be an appropriate method for estimating nitrate levels in groundwater in Bahabad. We recommend action be taken in order to stop the increasing trend of groundwater nitrate contamination in this area.