Hepatitis B vaccination is the best way of prevention of Hepatitis B infection and chronic liver disease as well as hepatocellular carcinoma. Mass vaccination of Hepatitis B in neonate has started in Iran since 1993. So evaluation of vaccination is essential. In this study, seroconvertion of antiHBs evaluated after complete vaccination of Hepatitis in 15-23 month old infants. 324 infants selected randomly from general population of Zahedan. The positivity rate of antiHBs in male, female and total samples was 77%, 80% and 78.4, respectively. This ratio was less than expected, so we suggest further study about this subject.

Background: Frequent injections and blood taking for lab analysis in addition to hazards that exist during handling, make medical staff vulnerable to HBV, HCV and HIV infections and put these infectious agents among the most important occupational diseases in medical staff. Objective: A- HBsAg carrier prevalence and AntiHBs Ab titre determination among Medical staff. B- Identification of the most common route of transmission and occupational exposure to blood and other body fluid materials. Methods: We assessed the questionnaires of 270 medical staffs of Boali hospital and the results of HBsAg and AntiHBs Ab (qualitative) which has been extracted from their occupational documents. Findings: We found that 1.1% (3 person) had HBsAg (positive cases) and 63.4% had an acceptable level of AntiHBs Ab (Which denotes to efficacy of vaccine). It was revealed that the most common occupational exposure in order of decrease in frequenciy were: needle stick 38.1%, accidental face contact with blood and other body fluids 36.6%, breakage of lab tube in hand 11.1%, accidental serum ingestion 2.2%. Conclusion: The importance of pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis are confirmed by the study results.

Background: Hepatitis B vaccination is necessary to prevent infection with this virus and to prevent the development of chronic hepatocellular carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Assessing the immunization status after receiving the vaccine and identifying non-respondents, especially among health care workers and physicians, is important because of the higher risk of contact with infected patients and their body fluids. In this study, the vaccination status of health and medical staff of a children's hospital was investigated to measure the ANTI-HBS antibody titer and its relationship with body mass index, smoking, and drugs used in individuals with underlying diseases. In this study HBsAb kit, DIA. PRO,Italy was used to measure the antibody titers. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 26. Results: The results of this study showed that a proper antibody titer is present in 66. 6% of the participants. Reduced antibody titers to unsafe levels were measured among the employees older than 50 years, smokers, and employees with low or very high body mass index. Conclusion: In this study, the decrease in antibody titer did not show any association with underlying diseases and related medications. The presence of an unsafe antibody titer among young vaccinated staff suggested additional studies to identify non-responders after receiving a booster dose of the vaccine.

Background: Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all individuals with renal failure. Nevertheless, the response rate for this vaccine in hemodialysis patients is low. This study was designed to determine the response rate to hepatitis B vaccination in chronic renal failure (CRF) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and those factors that influence it. Methods: We evaluated antiHBs level after primary vaccination in 32 predialysis and 93 dialysis patients. HBsAg positive patients were excluded. AntiHBs titers were determined in the period of 1 to 6 months after completion of vaccination. Results: Seroconversion (antiHBs>10mIU/ml) was found in 100 patients (80%), but an excellent response (titer>100 mIU/ml) was observed only in 74 (59.2%). Response rate were 71.9 and 82.8 in predialysis CRF and ESRD patients, respectively, but this difference was not significant (χ2-test; p=0.183). Predialysis patients showed an excellent response more than dialysis patients (χ2-test; p<0.05). Age, sex, and initial serum creatinine didn’t influence response rate. Response rate in patients with diabetic mellitus was lower than others (62.2% vs. 87.5%) (Χ2-test; p=0.001), and multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant risk for vaccination nonresponse when patients were diabetics (odds ratio 4.38; 95% confidence interval: 1.70-11.24, p=0.002). Conclusion: Our result showed that 1) hepatitis B vaccine nonresponders are more likely to have diabetes mellitus and 2) response rate in predialysis patients is the same as in dialysis patients but predialysis patients, as compared with dialysis patients, were more inclined to show an excellent response.  

Background: Vaccination is one of the most effective methods of prevention of hepatitis B throughout the world. The aim of this study was to check the level of HBsAb after vaccination in vaccinated 12 to 24 months children referred to Children's hospital in Tabriz. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 children 12 to 24 months randomly. The questionnaires were filled out through interviews with children, for data collection: and child’ s characteristics nutrition, were recorded. 5ml blood sample were taken, then antiHBs experiment was done quantitatively with the ELISA method, manufactured And values above 10IU/ml were considered as the optimal safety level. Data were analyzed using statistical software spss-17 and t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: 93. 5% of studied children over 10 Iu/ml ANTI-HBS and showed respond to vaccination. Considering antibody titer There was not statistically significant with sex of children and weight gestational age of the mothers, type of feeding (breast milk and formula), gestational age, birth weight, Type of labor (p>0. 05). ANTI-HBSAb titers were related to the age of children (p=0. 001). The immunity level decreased with increasing age. 6. 5% of children were not safe. Conclusion: This study showed that safety caused by total injection of hepatitis B vaccine is desirable according to National vaccination program.

Background: Hepatitis B is one of the most prevalent chronic and persistent hepatitis infections which may lead to chronic hepatitis and hepato-cellular carcinoma. Since hospital personnel are more susceptible to hepatitis B this study was done to determine the relation between number of hepatitis B vaccinations and the presence of anti HBS antibody in personnel working in a large hospital in Tehran.Methods: This was a cross-Sectional study conducted in 2010 on 530 personnel working in Khatam-ol-Anbiya Hospital. Blood samples were collected from the subjects selected through convenience sampling and the level of ANTI-HBS antibody checked: antibody levels>10 mIU/ml were considered to be protective.Results: Antibody levels were less than the stated cut-off in 78 individuals, (14.7%). Mean antibody levels were 9.5 mIU/ml in the 27 unvaccinated persons; 86.6 mIU/ml in 7 individuals who had received the vaccine only once; 160 mIU/ml in the 32 who had been vaccinated twice; 192 mIU/ml after 3 doses of the vaccine in 276 persons and in the 58 subjects who had received >3doses, the mean level of the antibody was 321 mIU/ml, (p=0.001).Conclusion: ANTI-HBS antibody levels show a significant rise after repeated vaccinations.

Background and Aims: In this study, the effect of infections and inflammation developed during hepatitis B vaccination program on antibody response in hemodialysis (HD) patients was evaluated.Methods: In total, 94 patients who had hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (-), antibody to hepatitis B surface (antiHBs) (-) antibody against hepatitis B core immunoglobulin G (antiHBcIgG) (-) (Group A) and who were previously vaccinated but having antibody titer levels lower than 10mIU/mL (Group B), on maintenance HD program were included in this study. In group A, 40μ|g intramuscular vaccine on 0, 1, 2 and 6 months and in group B, 40μ|g of intramuscular booster dose vaccine were administered. Antibody titer of 10mIU/mL was considered as positive. Group A was then divided into two subgroups with respect to antibody response (Group A1 and Group A2).Results: Eighty-one patients completed the study (Group A; n=64, mean age=42.3±11.4 years; Group B: n=17, mean age=53.6±10.6 years). In Group A, antibody response was positive in 82.8% (Group A1), negative in 17.2% (Group A2) and it was positive in 100% of Group B. Inflammatory parameters, nutritional and demographic features were found similarly in all groups. Throughout the study, infections developed most frequently in Group A.Conclusions: We concluded that acute infections and inflammations developed in patients vaccinated according to vaccination schedule recommended for HBV prophylaxis during HD treatment does not affect antibody response and acute phase reactants are not indicators for negative antibody response.