Introduction: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder affecting 1% of the world's population. Two of genes have been recognized to be involved in development of this disease: DRD2 and GSTM1. Methods: This case-control study included 100 patients suffering from schizophrenia who referred to Yazd Neuropsychiatry Hospital. Also, 100 healthy patients without schizophrenia were selected as the control group. After DNA extraction, it was genotyped 100 schizophrenic and 100 healthy controls by use of restricted fragment of length polymorphism (RFLP) for Ser311Cys polymorphism and multiplex PCR for GSTM1. After performing relevant experiments and gaining some results, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software16. In this study, Chi-square and logistic regression tests were used to investigate the relation between genotype of polymorphism and schizophrenia. Results: Data analysis showed that frequency distribution of Ser311Cys polymorphism genotypes between the patients and healthy participants was not significant (P: 0. 121). Also, for GSTM1, there was no association between the polymorphism and schizophrenia. In general, the frequency distribution of the deleting gene between the patients and the control group was not significant (P= 0. 089). And this polymorphism was significantly associated with symptoms (P = 0. 012). Conclusion: The results of this study show that Ser311Cys polymorphism and GSTM1 polymorphism is not common among the studied patients, therefore it indicates its non-effectiveness in the study population. However, because the study population is not representative of the entire Iranian population, further studies with larger population are needed.

Background. Phenobarbital consists of different polymorphic forms such as (I), (II) and (III) forms. Every polymorph has certain shape and habit, that may change it's physical characteristics. The physical attributes must be considered for the formulation and manufacturing processes.Methods. In this study a Phenobarbital tablet made by pharmaceutics department laboratory of Isfahan faculty of pharmacy (coded U) were compared with four commercial products made by three Iranian companies (Coded A, D, P) and an American company (coded L). Various tests such as: disintegration time, hardness, weight variation, dissolution rate and content uniformity were carried out.Results. Obtained results were in order of: P>L>U>A>D for disintegration time; A>U>D>L>P for hardness; D>U>L>A>P for weigth variation; D>L>U>A>P for dissolution. Melting point of three polymorphic forms of phenobarbital powder were in order of I>II>III.Discussion. Content uniformity were in acceptable range for all samples. In addition, samples A. D and P were consisted of Polymorphs (I) and (II). Sample U, however, was consisted of pohymorph (II).

Background: Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after one year of unprotected intercourse. A large proportion of infertile men fail to impregnate their female counterpart due to lack of sperm (azoospermia) or too little sperm (oligozoospermia). Infertility may also be due to estrogens, infections, heavy metals, cigarette smoking, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sperm antibodies. Fas is a member of the TNFR (tumor necrosis factor receptor) family that is widely expressed on the surface of many different kinds of cells. Fas gene is involved in the apoptosis process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Fas gene polymorphism in male infertility in a population in north of Iran. Methods: This study involved 132 patients with male infertility and 102 healthy controls. DNA samples were extracted from the peripheral blood and genotyped by RFLP-PCR method. Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc. Results: The frequencies of AA, AG, GG in patients were 31. 81%, 54. 54% and 13. 63%, respectively and in controls were 45. 09%, 47. 05%, 7. 84%, respectively. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is no significant association between Fas-670A/G gene polymorphism and male infertility (p=0. 07). Further studies with larger numbers of patients are required to elucidate the potential role of Fas gene polymorphism in male infertility.

Introduction: Recurrent spontaneous abortion is defined as the occurrence of more than two clinical miscarriages in one woman. Several factors, including endocrine irregularities, genetics and environmental factors, are involved in this kind of infertility. The aim of this study was to survey the association of HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism with the risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion in our population. Methods: In the present case-control study, the HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism was investigated in 70 infertile woman and 100 healthy participants using PCR-RFLP methods. Then, the data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 and also were compared using Chi-square test and Logistic regression model. The p-value was found to be statistically significant (p<0. 05). Results: Our results showed significant association between the HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism and recurrent spontaneous abortion (OR=0. 143, 95% CI=0. 056-0. 368; p<0. 0001). Our findings showed that T allele frequency in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion had significant difference compared to the control group (OR=0. 2, 95% CI=0. 11-0. 4; p<0. 0001). Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that the HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism is significantly associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion in our population.

Background and Objectives: According to the relevant studies, among the reported TMPRSS6 polymorphisms associated with iron deficiency anemia, rs855791 has the highest association with hemoglobin level and disease severity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between rs855791and iron deficiency anemia in Sanandaj. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study conducted in the Spring of 2016, the frequency of rs855791 polymorphism in TMPRSS6 gene was evaluated in 40 patients with iron deficiency anemia and 80 healthy randomly selected individuals without age and sex restrictions by PCR-RFLP method. Then, the relationship between rs855791 and the level of hemoglobin, ferritin, and MCV in sick and healthy individuals was investigated by SPSS V19 statistical software. Results: The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT among 40 patients were 15, 37. 5, and 47. 5 and they were 33. 75, 42. 5, and 23. 75% among 80 healthy controls, respectively. Therefore, there was a significant relationship between TT genotype and disease (p= 0. 010). Also, a significant relationship was observed between the frequency of CC and the absence of disease [OR= 0. 34, p= 0. 035]. The higher frequency of CT in the control group than the indicates a lower risk of people with CT genotype. The results also show a significant relationship between low Hb, MCV, and Ferritin with the genotype so that people with TT genotype had lower Hb, MCV, and ferritin than people with CC and TC genotypes. Conclusions: TMPRSS6 rs855791 polymorphism was shown to be effective in subject patients with iron deficiency anemia in Sanandaj city.

Background and objectives: Interferon-Gamma and interferon Gamma receptor (IFNγ ⁄IFNγR1) are the main genes associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis. We aimed at studying on interferon-Gamma Gene polymorphism (-56C/T) in people suffered from tuberculosis (TB).Material and Methods: In this case-control study, the subjects were 62 individuals with TB and 74 healthy ones. Genomic DNA was extracted by DNA isolation kit (Roche Corporation), and genotype identification was performed by polymerase chain reaction-Restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Chi square and logistic regression, using SPSS software (version 18), was used to compare genotype and alleles between case and control groups.Results: The frequency of TT genotype in tuberculosis patients and healthy person are 43.5% and 17.5%, respectively. Based on Logistic regression (odd ration 0.148, p=0.0006), there is significant difference between Case and Control. In addition, the frequency of T allele is, in case group, 62.09 % the difference between case and control is significant, based on Logistic regression (odd ratio: 0.418, P=0.028(.Conclusion: It is implied that -56C/T is associated with IFNγR1 promoter in tuberculosis patient. It is found to be associated with increased susceptibility to tuberculosis.