Purpose: The aim of the study is to assess knowledge retention in the Institute for International Energy Studies (IIES). Methodology: It is a survey research carried out with a qualitative approach. To gather desirable data, a questionnaire on knowledge retention and two interviews were used. Research population is composed of the experts and researchers (60 persons in number) who work in IIES. In order to assess knowledge retention, eight factors including face to face communication, intellectual sharing process, documenting, job turnaround system, knowledge sharing awarding and competitive system, self – organizing capability, generating new knowledge, and training and supporting system were taken into consideration.Findings: The findings indicate that knowledge retention in IIES is in a medium status. Among the weaknesses, one can refer to the undesired documenting trend in solving the problems and bottlenecks in performing the assigned tasks and projects, the lack of an integrated well-established supportive system throughout the Institute and between its research centers in order to encourage and support team working, lack of knowledge management software in the Institute, the low rate of knowledge sharing among researchers and scholars among research institutes. Conclusion: The situation of the Institute in terms of knowledge retention is between levels 2 and 3. However, the Institute has the potential to achieve higher than level 3, if the relevant software is used and an effective system is established between research institutes and integrating human resource (HR) in terms of specialty and using the researchers of other centers in relevant projects.

Good faith is one of the fundamental principles of international law. This principle is among the multi-layered and complex concepts that have always been discussed both in doctrine and in the practice of the International Court of Justice and other international judicial authorities. Court judges have also discussed and cited the concept of good faith in their separate opinions on different occasions. The case of Ukraine against Russia is one of the latest lawsuits filed in the International Court of Justice regarding the interpretation and implementation of the Convention on the Prohibition of Genocide. In this article, using the analytical-descriptive method and referring to legal sources and the judgment of the International Court of Justice, while analyzing the case, the position of good faith in the judgment issued by the court in this case has been examined and the results obtained indicate that the International Court of Justice, citing the principle of good faith in the settlement of international claims, has played an effective role in the development of international law

The present essay discusses New Counter-Terrorism and its basic principles. As a whole, to confront terrorism or choosing a counterterrorism strategy, three distinct approaches can be identified. These three approaches are: criminal, military and intelligence approaches. Both first two approaches are reactive in essence. They can be called to consideration after a terrorist action. While confronting neo-terrorism, including Takfiri terrorism, prevention is prior to reaction. It is because the terrorist activities of these groups are often irreparable. These groups can hardly be demolished due to their jelly structure. So, informational approach is recommended to face and deal with this new form of terrorism. According to this approach, different informational tactics and strategies can be adapted to firstly prevent the formation of the Takfiri groups and secondly to stop them coming to the decision of planning and performing an attack. Although adapting this approach does not lead to rejecting other approaches in new anti-terrorist strategy, it must be considered prior to the other two approaches and both criminal and military approaches must be the continuation of the informational one and not vice versa. So this is called Informational Counter Terrorism or ICT. It must be mentioned that neo counter-terrorism should be active not a passive one. Active counter-terrorism includes steps like: investigation, intelligence gathering techniques, inquiry, infiltration and surveillance.

Despite the expansion in the field of power studies as one of the key concepts of social sciences and especially in international relations, the scope of ambiguity in this field is very extensive. Perhaps it is for this reason that the terms "controversial" and "contentious" are considered by most analysts as the most basic features of power. The mentioned condition can be considered from different dimensions; In particular, from the various perceptions that have been formed about the nature, function and constituent elements of this category, as well as how the link between its two central components, namely "resources" and "control of effects and results", has been formed. In any case, assuming that any conception of power has a direct impact on the process of "conceptualizing the world politics"; the focus of this study is on how the "relational conception" as a multidimensional and productive approach affects the international studies of power. The main question is: Based on the evolution of the international literature on power, how effective has been the relational conception of power? The main hypothesis is: In the context of the international power literature, the “ relational” conception (power to) has provided the setting for the creation and reinforcement of a multidimensional view of power in the form of “ four-dimensional typology” , “ Global orders and Civilizations” and “ Global Governance” . The research method of this study is explanatory.

In this article three different approaches on understanding of political and international phenomena will de studied and author tries to answer this question that whether empirical and behaviorist methods of research are the only way of understanding in this era or not. For this purpose after surveying of principles of behaviorist methods and way of thinking, the change of epistemological bases in hermeneutics and post-modern theories will be studied.

The purpose of this research is comparative studies of political and international areas of government responsibility in the environment. This research has been carried out in a descriptive-analytical way in a library-style way through a survey. The most important issue in having a healthy environment is informing the citizens. In the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, although the principle of the right to a healthy environment is not explicitly stated, the context of Article 50 is such that the content of this right can be inferred from the content of the principle by providing an extended interpretation. In the opinion of some jurists in the field of environmental law, the expressions of environmental protection, public duty and the prohibition of economic activities, other than those associated with environmental pollution or irreparable destruction, contained in Article 50 of the Constitution indicate They have known that the basic legislator implicitly accepted it as a right by assuming a healthy environment in which today's generation and future generations can have a growing social life. Therefore, it can be said that according to the constitution, all people have the right to enjoy healthy air and fight air pollution.

The study of international relations fall into two epistemological traditions: Positivism and post-positivism. The main question is what is the purpose of research and study of international relations? This article argue that the Purpose affected by researcher epistemological Position. In the study of international relations if researcher stay put in framework of positivism epistemology, thus, your purpose of the study will be containment and prediction of international relations phenomena. But, if she/ he stay put in the post positivism epistemology the Purpose will be understanding and emancipation of phenomena. The logic of this article is dialectic logic.