The pervasiveness of sports and the importance of its position in international events have attracted governments’ attention. Besides the social and economic effects, winning international sport competitions is assumed as a symbol of comprehensive stability and capabilities of countries. This winning is the reason why countries invest in professional and championship sports. So, the policy of detecting talented athletes to participate in an organized training program is of great importance in sports nowadays. This study reviewed the literature of sport talent identification and pointed to challenges, constraints and shortages existing in scientific talent identification process. The articles were searched in well-known databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct and Springer with the following keywords: talent identification in sport, talent identification criteria (innate or acquired) and talent identification patterns. Ultimately, more than 60 articles were reviewed. The studies in sport talent identification are new and a specific and inclusive pattern which covers all dimensions has not yet provided. A few patterns consider the effect of innate criteria such as genetics as suitable for talent identification in sport while most researches recognize those patterns based on skill assessment after training as determinants. Several other studies focus on skill criteria along with physiological, anthropometric, biomechanical and psychological criteria.

The present study aimed at investigating the obstacles to talent identification in sports in Iran. The research method was mixed and consecutive exploratory type and the data were collected in 3 stages: library studies, 26 interviews, and distribution of a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed by library studies and the interviews. The sample consisted of 145 subjects of 6 groups: heads of federations, authorities of talent identification committee of those federations, staff in the talent identification office of the Ministry of Sport and Youth, university professors, talent identification coaches and authorities of sport clubs. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics such as exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis through PLS software and Friedman test were used. Finally, 70 obstacles to talent identification of Iran sport were identified which were classified into 7 factors and human obstacles (average=5. 47) was identified as the most important factor. The results indicated many obstacles to the structure of the talent identification of Iran sport to which sport managers and policy makers should pay special attention so that Iran sport can achieve what it aimed to achieve through the elimination of these obstacles.

The main aim of the present study was to investigate the role of talent identification management in martial arts. 200 subjects with a history of management in M artial A rts F ederation, coaches of national teams and World and Asian champions men and women from 2005 to 2014 ) and the experts familiar with sport talent identification management issue s (142 male s and 58 female s ) were selected with purpos ive sampl ing method and voluntarily participated in the study. A researcher made questionnaires with acceptable validity and reliability was used. In i nferential statistics section factor analysis was used to extract related factor s and components; Cronbach's alpha c oefficient was used calculate the internal consistency of the questionnaire. The significance level was considered as 0. 05 The results showed that all the causal relationships we re not significant and cultural factors and not leaving the organization were not significant. The root mean squared error of approximation of the presented model was reported as 0 09. GFI, AGFI, NFI and CFI in the model under investigation were 0 9, 0 87, 0 83, and 0. 85 respectively According to the indexes and outputs of LISREL software, it can be stated that the data partly comply with the model, and the presented indicators show that the proposed model offered is totally in a good fit.

Introduction: The present study aimed to develope a comprehensive management model for Iranian football talent identification. Methods: The research methodology was mixed and the qualitative section in three stages. First stage involved the content analysis of researches on talent identification, second stage was semi-structured interviews with the convenience sampling method until theoretical saturation with 15sports experts of Football Federation. Third stage, the Delphi approach was conducted with 22 football experts. Quantitative stage of the research was conducted with a survey approach and descriptive statistics used to describe the variables in the research community. In the inferential statistics, structural equation modeling to measure the effect of various factors, Smart PLS3 software was used to analyze the data. Results: In the third round of Delphi method, the 6-stage Iran football talent comprehensive management model was approved, children should be identified and entered the field of education from the age of 4-7 through basic coaches, talent scouts, parents in kindergartens and schools. And reach the stage of development and championship of 17-19 through the clubs and football federations. The findings of the quantitative showed that all paths of the model were significant and fit of the structural model was confirmed at a strong level. Conclusion: football federation managers and authorities are recommended to develop a comprehensive system for talent identification management in the country, the formation of scientific committees and talent identification bases in schools and clubs, Training of specialized manpower, pass the law to protect elite players, provide facilities in training camps, attract active and strong private sector, observing the principle of meritocracy in selecting coaches and players for the purpose of supporting and nurturing talent as vital important factors in the development of the country's football and following the mentioned model.

Purpose: This study introduces Gymnastics Octal Test (GOT) and examines its psychometric features. Method: GOT was administered on 38 children (6-7 years). Afterwards, they participated in an 8-week gymnastics course. At the end of the course, the Modified Ellenbrand Gymnastics Skills Test (MEGST) was administered on them. Predictive validity of GOT was obtained by interclass correlation analysis between GOT and MEGST scores of children. Concurrent validity of GOT was obtained by administering the same tests on 27 young learners (18-22 years) of a gymnastics class. They completed GOT and MEGST during a week. Reliability of GOT was calculated by interclass correlation analysis using test-retest scores during 10 to 45 minutes.Results: Reliability of GOT was 0.91. Predictive and concurrent validity of GOT were 0.61 and 0.81, respectively. Logical and content validity of GOT are also discussed briefly in the study. Discussion and conclusion: Compared to other versions of Octal Test, a reliability of 0.91 is in the same acceptable range. However, a predictive validity of 0.61 and a concurrent validity of 0.81 are the greatest reported so far. A drop of 0.20 for predictive validity seems logical when it is considered that there was a 2-month gap between GOT and MEGST. In this period, individual differences in physical development and learning rate could be accounted for some alternations in re-test scores. Interclass correlations between different skills of gymnastics were reported to be 0.44 to 0.70. Experts also believe that a validity of more than 0.50 is well for movement assessing tests. Paying attention to the ease of administration, and confirmation of reliability and validity, it is highly recommended that GOT is applied for early stages of talent identification in gymnastics.

The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive model for talent identification in Iranian championship sport. Considering the exploratory nature of the subject, the method of qualitative research and the theorizing approach based on the data was used. First, through the initial studies and the systematic review of related resources, the introductory inventory of effective signs was identified. In the following, 23 semistructured interviews with well-known experts were conducted on purposeful and snowball method. The interviews continued to reach theoretical saturation. The open coding results indicated that 296 primary marks and 38 final figures were extracted. In the axial coding, the final marks were classified in 12 concepts and 4 main categories. Finally, the identified categories derived from selective coding include, respectively, the talent identification process, model management, environmental factors and key stakeholders. The theoretical model derived from the findings of this study can help managers and policy makers of championship sport to use the appropriate stakeholders and determine the role for each trusted organization to address the interfering factors and accelerate the development of talent identification in championship sports.

Fundamental of all plans of agriculture, forestry, range management and watershed management and aquifer and so on is physiographic study and determination of land talent.Since land use diversity in the region and soil erosion and degradation are important and this study was conducted by satellite photos and topographical maps with 1: 50000 scale.After loading maps by GIS software, physiographic units and harmonious. Unit then having analyzed information were determined the researcher obtained hypsometry, aspect, slope and finally land talent maps based on physiographic properties. The results of field and combination of maps showed that there are many land uses in region, which have not been conform by physiographical study especially with slope. Thus this is one of the important factors to soil erosion and nature resources degradations inadaptable using based on suitable slope category. This region elevation are more than 1700 meter and there wasn’t too much different height between plain and sloppy region in which good soil and potential for growth plants. With delete of stone land and difficult to pass this different height didn’t have any role and there has been monotones relatively climate in region. According to this factor, notonly but also different aspects height didn’t have any affect on land talent ability. Not only beight but also different aspects didn’t have any effect on land talent ability. According to degradation intensity of natural resources and soil erosion in region, we must pay attention to percent of slope because it was the most important factor for determinaing land talent. According to maps slope class, we must allocate land with 0-12% to irrigated and dry farming, land with 12-14% to range management and gardening under counter and land with more 40% to plant a tree and semi tree and to conservation region.