Purpose: To evaluate the result of simple renal cyst ABLATION by endoscope and compare the results with other techniques of renal cys~ treatment. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was performed at Shaheed Faghihi hospital from January 2001 to January 2003. Ten patients with symptomatic simple renal cyst were selected for this study. The exclusion criteria were history of previous renal surgery, parapelvic cyst,~nd cyst size less than 50 mm. Urinalysis, urine culture, serum electrolytes, ultrasonography, and CT scan were done before operation. The patients underwent endoscopic renal cyst ABLATION and cytology of cyst fluid and histopathological examination of cysts walls were done in all patients. The patients were followed with ultrasonography after two weeks and 2, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Disappearance of the cyst or decreasing its size to less than 50% of its primary size was considered as improvement. Results: All the patients were female with a mean age of 55 (range 22 to 75) years. The operation was successful in 9 patients with no major complications. Perinephric hematoma and excessive leakage were seen in two patients. The operative time was 38:t1O.8 minutes and hospital stay was 3:t1.3 days. Mean size of cyst before operation was 75:t19.7 mm and changed to 12.7:t15.3 mm after operation (p

Background: Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) is the most common type of supraventricular tachycardia, and catheter slow pathway ABLATION is the first-line therapy in this arrhythmia. The endpoint for the successful ABLATION of AVNRT is the noninducibility of the tachycardia rather than the complete ABLATION or modification/ABLATION of slow pathways. We aimed to compare heart rate variability (HRV) parameters between slow pathway complete ABLATION and slow pathway modification/ABLATION for AVNRT. Methods: The current study enrolled 78 eligible patients with AVNRT. Slow pathway complete ABLATION was performed on 49 patients, and 29 patients underwent slow pathway modification/ABLATION. HRV parameters on 24-hour Holter monitoring were compared before and 30 days after ABLATION between these 2 groups. Results: HRV parameters, consisting of the mean heart rate, the standard deviation of normal-tonormal RR intervals over 24 hours (SDNN), the standard deviation of the average NN intervals for all 5-minute intervals in a 24-hour continuous electrocardiographic recording (SDANN), and a percent NN interval exceeding 50 milliseconds from the prior interval (PNN50), were not significantly different in the group with complete slow pathway ABLATION. The comparison between pre and post-intervention entities revealed statistically significant differences in SDNN (P=0. 041) and PNN50 (P=0. 008) in the group with slow pathway modification/ABLATION. Additionally, PNN50 was significantly lower in the modification/ABLATION group than in the complete ABLATION group. Conclusions: We noted negligible differences regarding HRV-associated indices between the slow pathway complete ABLATION and modification/ABLATION for AVNRT groups.

Introduction: Liver metastasis is detected in more than one million people in each year. Only 10% of them are eligible for surgery. Radiofrequency ABLATION is the most popular local ABLATION technique for the management of the other 90% of the metastases. Complete ABLATION of the lesion with a safe margin is the goal of such a local ablative method. There is no routine available technique for monitoring the treatment process. MRI is the only method which can monitor tissue ABLATION in real time however interaction of radiofrequency energy by MRI acquisition makes it impossible for clinical use.Materials and Methods: In our in-vitro study, the effect of bipolar needles was evaluated on the signal intensity of theliver parenchyma. This evaluation was repeated 15 times. A calibration curve was also calculated from the in-vitro measurement of tissue temperature with an interstitial NTC sensor with dedicated data collecting software written by our team. Finally the correlation between temperature and signal intensity was prepared and during the RF ABLATION, the temperature map could be created in an almost real time manner.Results: Our results show an exponential calibration curve for sensors and a linear reduction of the signal intensities during the RF procedure.Conclusion: We introduce a method for calibration of the MRI signal intensity with tissue temperature between alternative RF pulses. This method brings MR monitoring as the practical method in clinical use. By this innovative technique it is possible for all the hospitals and clinics to use their routine MR scanner for monitoring this ablative technique without any additional hardware.

Introduction: Ethanol ABLATION (EA) and radiofrequency ABLATION (RFA) are minimal invasive therapeutic modalities to treat primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Case Presentation: A 77-year-old man presented a 3. 5-cm parathyroid adenoma with mixed cystic and solid components. He was ineligible for parathyroidectomy because of his age and the surgical history of the coronary artery bypass graft. First, EA was performed to remove cystic component. After that, the volume of parathyroid adenoma was decreased (volume reduction rate: 94%),however, the level of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) was persistently high (88 pg/mL). Subsequent RFA was performed to remove the remaining parathyroid adenoma. Further, it was completely disappeared on the following ultrasound examination, and PTH was normalized. The results during a 2-year follow-up confi, rmed clinical success, and no relevant complication was reported. Conclusion: The combination therapy of EA and subsequent RFA is safe and eff, ective as an alternative therapeutic method to treat PHPT in patients ineligible for parathyroidectomy.

Thermal ABLATION therapies for benign thyroid nodules have been introduced in recent years to avoid the complications of traditional methods such as surgery. Despite the little complications and the reportedly acceptable efficacy of thermal ABLATION methods, quite few medical centers have sought the potential benefits of employing them. This paper provides an introduction to the literature, principles and advances of Percutaneous Laser ABLATION therapy of thyroid benign nodules, as well as a discussion on its efficacy, complications and future. Several clinical research papers evaluating the thermal effect of laser on the alleviation of thyroid nodules have been reviewed to illuminate the important points. The results of this research can help researchers to advance the approach and medical centers to decide on investing in these novel therapies.

Background: Osteoid osteomas (OO) are the third most common benign bone tumors affecting mostly children and adolescents with more tendency toward males. There are different treatment options consisting of medical therapy. Of note percutaneous thermal ABLATION (PTA) procedures that refer to radio frequency ABLATION (RFA) and interstitial laser photocoagulation (ILP) have also been recently applied with high success rates. Objectives: We aimed to assess the safety and outcomes of RFL and ILP in patients with OO as well as compare the efficacy of these two procedures. Patients and Methods: Medical records of 60 OO patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups, of which 40 underwent RFA procedures and 20 went through ILP. All patients were followed up clinically either through telephone interview or outpatient clinic visit and imaging was conducted in case signs and symptoms recurred. Results: In patients who underwent RFA, pain was relieved within 1-7 days in 35, and 1-3 months in five patients. Primary and secondary clinical effectiveness were 90. 00% and 92. 50%, respectively. In ILP, the technical success rate was 100% and the initial clinical success rate was 85. 00%. Conclusion: Similar to previous published studies, this study showed high success rates for both RFA and ILA. Total pain relief occurred in 96. 6% of the patients.

Transcatheter ABLATION of atrioventricular accessory pathway is the therapy of choice in symptomatic patients. The ABLATION of posteroseptal accessory pathways thas some important points due to its anatomical location. Catheter ABLATION of posteroseptal accessory pathways via left side approach is time consuming with low success rate and higher complications. We performed successful transcatheter radio frequency ABLATION of posteroseptal accessory pathways in 25 patients. This was done via right atrial approach in 23 cases and left side approach in 2 cases.